Reactions of 1,2,4-triazines with nitromethide ion. A convenient method of preparation of 1,2,4-triazin-5-ylcarbaldehyde oximes and their synthetic applications

An efficient procedure for the preparation of 1,2,4-triazin-5-ylcarbaldehyde oximes 2a-f from 1,2,4-triazines 1a-f and nitromethide ion is described. The oximes 2c-d were converted into corresponding 5-cyano-1,2,4-triazines 6c-d . The latter compounds react easily with various nucleophiles to afford 5-substituted 1,2,4-triazines 7a-i and with 1-pyrrolidino-1-cyclohexene to form cyano derivative of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline 9 .     

3-氨基-5-取代苯氨基-6-苯基-1,2,4-三嗪的合成

3-氨基-1,2,4-三嗪化合物具有广泛的生理活性,如:治疗支气管扩张、抑制乳酸菌和症原虫繁殖杀菌等,因此,研究这类化合物合成方法应运而生。本文以苯甲酰基硫代甲酰胺为原料,进一步合成了氨基-5-取代苯氨基-6-苯基-1,2,4-三嗪。     

Chloromethyl-, dichloromethyl-, and trichloromethyl-1,2,4-triazines and their 4-oxides: method for the synthesis and tele-substitution reactions with C-nucleophiles

A simple procedure was developed for the synthesis of 1,2,4-triazines and their 4-oxides containing the ClCH₂, Cl₂CH, or CCl₃ group at position 3 by cyclization of 2-aryl-2-hydrazono-1-oximinoethanes with the corresponding chloroacetonitriles. The reaction pathway depends on the number of halogen atoms in the acetonitrile used. The reactions with trichloroacetonitrile, monochloroacetonitrile, and dichloroacetonitrile afford 3-trichloromethyl-1,2,4-triazines, 3-chloromethyl-1,2,4-triazine 4-oxides, and a mixture of the corresponding dichloromethyltriazines and their 4-oxides, respectively. The reactions of 3-trichloromethyl-1,2,4-triazines with indoles and phenols are accompanied by tele-substitution with elimination of halogen from the trichloromethyl group to give 5-indolyl- (or 5-hydroxyphenyl)-3-dichloromethyl-1,2,4-triazines.     

Syntheses and spectral characteristics of 6-mono-, 3,6-di- and 3,5,6-trisubstituted-1,2,4-triazines

The reaction of acidhydrazides with α-substituted carbonyl compounds in the presence of metal acetates gives substituted 1,2,4-triazines. These cyclisations could be effected without any added acetate by refluxing in dimethyl formamide, pyridine/acetic acid or dimethyl sulfoxide Sixty five 3,5,6-tri-3,6-di and 6 monosubstituted-1,2,4-triazines (in 50–90% yields) with a wide variation in the C₃ substituent (alkyl, aryl or heteryl) and the C₆-substituent (aryl or heteryl) are reported. The mechanistic path followed in the formation of these compounds is discussed.     

Reactions of azinium cations. 8. Electron structures of 3-substituted 1,2,4-triazines and protonation,quaternization, and reactions with nucleophiles

The electron structures of 3-substituted 1,2,4-triazines and isomeric N-methyltriazinium salts were calculated by the CNDO/2 method. The results of the calculations were compared with the parameters of the ¹³C, ¹⁵N, and ¹⁴N NMR spectra, as well as with experimental data on the protonation, N-alkylation, and reactions of 1,2,4-triazines with simple nucleophiles. The protonation centers of 1,2,4-triazines were determined by means of ¹H, ¹³C, and ¹⁴N NMR spectroscopy. The covalent adducts formed by the proton salts of 3-methoxy-, 3-methylthio-, 3-morpholino-, and 3-pyrrolidino-1,2,4-triazine with water and methanol were recorded by ¹H NMR spectroscopy.Communication 7: O. N. Chupakhin, V. N. Chaurushin, I. V. Kazantseva, M. G. Poinzovskii, E. O. Sidorov, P. A. Torgashev, and A. V. Belik, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., No. 10, 1385 (1987).Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 525–533, April, 1988.     

Transformations of 1,2,4-Triazines in Reactions with Nucleophiles: V. SNH and ipso-Substitution in the Synthesis and Transformations of 5-Cyano-1,2,4-triazines

The scope of functionalization of 1,2,4-triazines can be considerably extended via successive nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen (S_N ^H) and ipso-substitution. A convenient procedure has been developed for direct cyanation of 1,2,4-triazine 4-oxides with acetone cyanohydrin in the presence of triethylamine. The cyano group in the resulting 5-cyano-1,2,4-triazines is readily replaced by reactions with various aliphatic alcohols and amines.     

Heterocyclic studies—XXVIII Mass spectra of some 5-trifluoromethylpyrimido-(5,4-e)as-triazines

Fragmentation of 7-substituted 5-trifluoromethylpyrimido(5,4-e)as-triazines is dominated by consecutive losses of N₂ and HCN from the triazine ring. Deuterium labelling, accurate mass measurements and spectral changes with substitution patterns confirm the fragmentation pathways. Comparison of the spectra with those of corresponding pteridines indicates that the 1,2,4-triazine ring fragments much more readily than the pyrazine ring.     

Dienophilicity of imidazole in inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reactions. 4. Intermolecular reactions with 1,2,4-triazines

Intermolecular inverse electron demand cycloadditions of 2-substituted imidazoles with various 1,2,4-triazines produced both imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines (3-deazapurines) and pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimid-4-ones (8-deazapteridines). The product distribution was controlled by reactant substituents and influenced by reaction temperature. A regioselective method for the preparation of 6-unsubstituted 1,2,4-triazines was also developed. By using this route to 8-deazapteridines, a new 8-deazafolate analogue was prepared.     

1,2,4-三嗪类化合物的研究XXI.3-甲硫基-5-氧代-2.5-二氧-1,2,4-三嗪的取代苯磺铣化反应及6- 碳的亲电特性

3-甲硫基-5-氧代-2.5-二氧-1,2,4-三嗪(Ic)与取代的苯磺铣氯反应,在无水吡啶中生成N-[6-(3-甲硫基-5-负氧基)-1,2,4-三嗪基]吡啶内嗡盐(4);在NaOH-H~2O-Ch~3COCH~3中生成3-甲硫基-4-(取代苯磺铣基)-5-氧化-6-羟基-1,4,5,6-四氢- 12,4-(6);资Naoh-Ch~3O中则生成1-(对甲苯磺铣基)-3-甲硫基-6-甲氧基-1,4,5,6-四氢-三嗪(7)显示了其6-C具有不寻常的亲电特性.     

Ring-chain tautomerism of substituted hydrazones. 22. Synthesis,structure, and oxidation of alkylidene derivatives of 2-aminoethylhydrazines

Alkylidene derivatives of 2-aminoethylhydrazines exist in solutions either as 2-aminoethylhydrazones or as the ring-chain tautomeric mixtures of the hydrazone—perhydro-1,2,4-triazine depending on the structure. The oxidation of perhydro-1,2,4-triazines leads to the formation of 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazines.For Communication 21, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1392–1396, October, 1991.     

Nitroazines. 9. Characteristic features of nucleophilic substitution of the nitro group in dihydroazolo[5,1-c] [1,2,4]triazines

The reaction of 6-nitro-7-oxo-4,7-dihydroazolo[5,1-c]-1,2,4-triazines with O-, N-, and S-nucleophiles leads to the corresponding 6-substituted compounds. In the reaction of 2,4-dimethyl-6-nitro-7-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine with hydrazine hydrate, 3-methyl-5-(N-methylamino)-1,2,4-triazole is formed.Article 8, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 253–257, February, 1989.     

Highly substituted pyridines via tethered imine-enamine (TIE) methodology

A tethered imine-enamine methodology has been developed for the direct conversion of 1,2,4-triazines into highly substituted pyridines via the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction which avoids the need for a discrete aromatisation step. This TIE methodology has also been applied in one pot reaction cascades involving 1,2,4-triazines and utilising MnO(2)-mediated tandem oxidation processes (TOPs).     

Syntheses in the methyl-2-furylketone series

3-Hydroxy- (I),3-mercapto- (II), and 3-amino-5-(2-furyl)-1,2,4-triazines (III) are prepared by cyclizing respectively the semicarbazone, thiosemicarbazone, and guanidylhydrazone of 2-furylglyoxal. Treatment of III with nitrous acid converts it to I. Iodine oxidizes II to the disulfide. Depending on the reaction conditions,2-furylglyoxal hydrate and aminoguanidine, give 5- and also 6-(2-furyl)-substituted 3-amino-1,2,4-triazines. Under the same conditions the undehydrated furylglyoxal and aminoguanidine give only the 5-(2-furyl) derivative. Hydrochlorides and N-acetyl derivatives of the two amines are prepared.For Part X see [1].     

1,2,4-triazines. III. A convenient synthesis of 1,2,4-triazines and their covalent hydration

A general synthesis of 1,2,4-triazines, from 3-methylthiotriazines is described. It has been shown that 1,2,4-triazines undergo covalent hydration across the N₄-C₅ bond.     

Configurational assignments of oximes derived from 5-formyl and 5-acyl-1,2,4-triazines

The configuration of (3-substituted)-1,2,4-triazin-5-ylcarbaldoximes and (3-substituted)alkyl-1,2,4-triazin-5-ylketoximes was determined by means of ¹H-nmr, ¹³C-nmr, ¹⁵N-nmr and homonuclear NOE-difference spec-troscopy. Oximes resulting from reaction of 1,2,4-triazines with nitroalkanes were found to be either pure E-isomers or E/Z-mixtures with the amount of E-isomer greatly predominating. Detailed ¹³C-nmr data of the oximes investigated are presented.     

Reaction of 9-substituted 1-aminoadenine with hydrazine

Reaction of 9-substituted (methyl or benzyl) 1-aminoadenines 1 with hydrazine afforded 9-substituted 6-hydrazinopurines 2 and 1-substituted 5-ammo-4-(4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)imidazole ( 4 ). The product ratio of 2 to 4 rose with increasing amounts of methanol used as the solvent. When the same reaction was carried out using 1,9-dimethyladenine instead of 1 , compounds 2 and 4 were also obtained with N⁶,9-dimethyladenine. A possible mechanism for formation of 2 and 4 is discussed.     

6- and 7-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]-1,2,4-triazines. Synthesis and characterization

Synthetic methods for the preparation of 6-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]-1,2,4-triazines ( 1 ) and the 7-aryl isomers ( 2 ) are described. Compounds 1 were prepared from aryl glyoxaldoximes 76 via 6-aryl-1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)ones ( 75 ). A simple procedure for the preparation of the 7-aryl isomers was effected using arylglyoxals 11 and the triazoles ( 4, 12a and 12b ). However, complete regioselectivity was not realized in all cases, especially when the triazoles were substituted at the C-5 position. A regiospecific synthesis of the 7-aryl isomers 2 was developed via the 3-methylthio-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazines ( 61 ). The structure of the parent 6-phenyl derivative 5 was confirmed by x-ray crystallography.     

Direction of isomerization of 5-hydroxy-3-propargylthio-1,2,4-triazines according to 1H/15N heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) spectra

We have studied isomerization of 6-substituted 5-hydroxy-3-propargylthio-1,2,4-triazines using base catalysis. We have used NMR correlation spectroscopy (¹H/¹⁵N HMBC spectra) to prove the structure of the regioisomer formed. The type of regioisomer formed (3,6-dimethylthiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazin-7-one) allows us to say that isomerization occurs as a direct propynyl rearrangement. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 453–457, March, 2006.     

Ring transformation of 1,5-benzoxazepines into spirobenzoxazoles. Synthesis of pyrazolo[1′,5′:3,4][1,2,4]triazino-[5,6-b][1,5]benzoxazepines and spiro[benzoxazole-2′(3′H),4(1H)-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines]

The reactions of the 3-substituted 4-amino-8-ethoxycarbonyl[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines 1 and 2 with o-amino-phenol hydrochloride gave the pyrazolo[1′,5′:3,4][1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b][1,5]benzoxazepines 5 and 8 . The alkylation of 5 with methyl iodide and isopropyl iodide afforded the 6-alkoxylpyrazolo[1′,5′:3,4][1,2,4]triazino-[5,6-b][1,5]benzoxazepines 6a and 6b , respectively. Refluxing of 5, 6a, 6b and 8 in hydrochloric acid/acetic acid resulted in ring transformation to produce the spiro[benzoxazole-2′(3′H),4(1H)pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]-triazines] 7a, 7b and 9 . The screening data of the above compounds was described.     

Laccase-catalyzed,aerobic oxidative coupling of 4-substituted urazoles with sodium arylsulfinates: Green and mild procedure for the synthesis of arylsulfonyl triazolidinediones

The direct aerobic oxidation of 4-substituted urazoles using the laccase enzyme from Trametes versicolor in a phosphate buffer solution at ambient temperature, and subsequent cross-coupling with sodium benzenesulfinates was investigated to afford arylsulfonyl-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione derivatives in good to high yields.