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1.
We study the limit of the hyperbolic–parabolic approximation
The function is defined in such a way as to guarantee that the initial boundary value problem is well posed even if is not invertible. The data and are constant. When is invertible, the previous problem takes the simpler form
Again, the data and are constant. The conservative case is included in the previous formulations. Convergence of the , smallness of the total variation and other technical hypotheses are assumed, and a complete characterization of the limit
is provided. The most interesting points are the following: First, the boundary characteristic case is considered, that is,
one eigenvalue of can be 0. Second, as pointed out before, we take into account the possibility that is not invertible. To deal with this case, we take as hypotheses conditions that were introduced by Kawashima and Shizuta
relying on physically meaningful examples. We also introduce a new condition of block linear degeneracy. We prove that, if
this condition is not satisfied, then pathological behaviors may occur. 相似文献
2.
In order to capture the complexities of two-phase flow in heterogeneous porous media, we have used the method of large-scale averaging and spatially periodic models of the local heterogeneities. The analysis leads to the large-scale form of the momentum equations for the two immiscible fluids, a theoretical representation for the large-scale permeability tensor, and a dynamic, large-scale capillary pressure. The prediction of the permeability tensor and the dynamic capillary pressure requires the solution of a large-scale closure problem. In our initial study (Quintard and Whitaker, 1988), the solution to the closure problem was restricted to the quasi-steady condition and small spatial gradients. In this work, we have relaxed the constraint of small spatial gradients and developed a dynamic solution to the closure problem that takes into account some, but not all, of the transient effects that occur at the closure level. The analysis leads to continuity and momentum equations for the-phase that are given by
相似文献
3.
4.
We study the global attractor of the non-autonomous 2D Navier–Stokes (N.–S.) system with singularly oscillating external force of the form . If the functions g
0(x, t) and g
1 (z, t) are translation bounded in the corresponding spaces, then it is known that the global attractor is bounded in the space H, however, its norm may be unbounded as since the magnitude of the external force is growing. Assuming that the function g
1 (z, t) has a divergence representation of the form where the functions (see Section 3), we prove that the global attractors of the N.–S. equations are uniformly bounded with respect to for all . We also consider the “limiting” 2D N.–S. system with external force g
0(x, t). We have found an estimate for the deviation of a solution of the original N.–S. system from a solution u
0(x, t) of the “limiting” N.–S. system with the same initial data. If the function g
1 (z, t) admits the divergence representation, the functions g
0(x, t) and g
1 (z, t) are translation compact in the corresponding spaces, and , then we prove that the global attractors converges to the global attractor of the “limiting” system as in the norm of H. In the last section, we present an estimate for the Hausdorff deviation of from of the form: in the case, when the global attractor is exponential (the Grashof number of the “limiting” 2D N.–S. system is small).
相似文献
5.
The unsteady dynamics of the Stokes flows, where
, is shown to verify the vector potential–vorticity (
) correlation
, where the field
is the pressure-gradient vector potential defined by
. This correlation is analyzed for the Stokes eigenmodes,
, subjected to no-slip boundary conditions on any two-dimensional (2D) closed contour or three-dimensional (3D) surface. It is established that an asymptotic linear relationship appears, verified in the core part of the domain, between the vector potential and vorticity,
, where
is a constant offset field, possibly zero. 相似文献
6.
Joel Avrin 《Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations》2008,20(2):479-518
We obtain attractor and inertial-manifold results for a class of 3D turbulent flow models on a periodic spatial domain in
which hyperviscous terms are added spectrally to the standard incompressible Navier–Stokes equations (NSE). Let P
m
be the projection onto the first m eigenspaces of A =−Δ, let μ and α be positive constants with α ≥3/2, and let Q
m
=I − P
m
, then we add to the NSE operators μ A
φ in a general family such that A
φ≥Q
m
A
α in the sense of quadratic forms. The models are motivated by characteristics of spectral eddy-viscosity (SEV) and spectral
vanishing viscosity (SVV) models. A distinguished class of our models adds extra hyperviscosity terms only to high wavenumbers
past a cutoff λ
m0
where m
0 ≤ m, so that for large enough m
0 the inertial-range wavenumbers see only standard NSE viscosity.
We first obtain estimates on the Hausdorff and fractal dimensions of the attractor (respectively and ). For a constant K
α on the order of unity we show if μ ≥ ν that and if μ ≤ ν that where ν is the standard viscosity coefficient, l
0 = λ1−1/2 represents characteristic macroscopic length, and is the Kolmogorov length scale, i.e. where is Kolmogorov’s mean rate of dissipation of energy in turbulent flow. All bracketed constants and K
α are dimensionless and scale-invariant. The estimate grows in m due to the term λ
m
/λ1 but at a rate lower than m
3/5, and the estimate grows in μ as the relative size of ν to μ. The exponent on is significantly less than the Landau–Lifschitz predicted value of 3. If we impose the condition , the estimates become for μ ≥ ν and for μ ≤ ν. This result holds independently of α, with K
α and c
α independent of m. In an SVV example μ ≥ ν, and for μ ≤ ν aspects of SEV theory and observation suggest setting for 1/c within α orders of magnitude of unity, giving the estimate where c
α is within an order of magnitude of unity. These choices give straight-up or nearly straight-up agreement with the Landau–Lifschitz
predictions for the number of degrees of freedom in 3D turbulent flow with m so large that (e.g. in the distinguished-class case for m
0 large enough) we would expect our solutions to be very good if not virtually indistinguishable approximants to standard NSE
solutions. We would expect lower choices of λ
m
(e.g. with a > 1) to still give good NSE approximation with lower powers on l
0/l
ε, showing the potential of the model to reduce the number of degrees of freedom needed in practical simulations. For the choice
, motivated by the Chapman–Enskog expansion in the case m = 0, the condition becomes , giving agreement with Landau–Lifschitz for smaller values of λ
m
then as above but still large enough to suggest good NSE approximation. Our final results establish the existence of a inertial
manifold for reasonably wide classes of the above models using the Foias/Sell/Temam theory. The first of these results obtains such
an of dimension N > m for the general class of operators A
φ if α > 5/2.
The special class of A
φ such that P
m
A
φ = 0 and Q
m
A
φ ≥ Q
m
A
α has a unique spectral-gap property which we can use whenever α ≥ 3/2 to show that we have an inertial manifold of dimension m if m is large enough. As a corollary, for most of the cases of the operators A
φ in the distinguished-class case that we expect will be typically used in practice we also obtain an , now of dimension m
0 for m
0 large enough, though under conditions requiring generally larger m
0 than the m in the special class. In both cases, for large enough m (respectively m
0), we have an inertial manifold for a system in which the inertial range essentially behaves according to standard NSE physics,
and in particular trajectories on are controlled by essentially NSE dynamics.
相似文献
7.
H. M. Duwairi 《Transport in Porous Media》2009,79(2):285-300
A rigid frame, cylindrical capillary theory of sound propagation in porous media that includes the nonlinear effects of the
Forchheimer type is laid out by using variational solutions. It is shown that the five main parameters governing the propagation
of sound waves in a fluid contained in rigid cylindrical tubes filled with a saturated porous media are: the shear wave number,
, the reduced frequency parameter, , the porosity, ε, Darcy number, , and Forchheimer number, . The manner in which the flow influences the attenuation and the phase velocities of the forward and backward propagating
non-isentropic acoustic waves is deduced. It is found that the inclusion of the solid matrix increases wave’s attenuations
and phase velocities for both forward and backward sound waves, while increasing the porosity and the reduced frequency number
decreased attenuation and increased phase velocities. The effect of the steady flow is found to decrease the attenuation and
phase velocities for forward sound waves, and enhance them for the backward sound waves.
This work is done during a sabbatical leave year granted form the University of Jordan to Dr. Hamzeh Duwairi for the academic
year 2007/2008 at the German Jordanian University. 相似文献
8.
R. J. Weinacht 《Journal of Elasticity》2006,83(2):105-111
For a bounded region in a Helmholtz/Weyl decomposition of the Sobolev space is given,with orthogonality with respect to the strain-energy inner product of elasticity (anisotropic or isotropic). 相似文献
9.
Let be the set of m × m matrices A(λ) depending analytically on a parameter λ in a closed interval . Consider one-parameter families of quasi-periodic linear differential equations: , where is analytic and sufficiently small. We prove that there is an open and dense set in , such that for each the equation can be reduced to an equation with constant coefficients by a quasi-periodic linear transformation for almost
all in Lebesgue measure sense provided that g is sufficiently small. The result gives an affirmative answer to a conjecture of Eliasson (In: Proceeding of Symposia in
Pure Mathematics).
Dedicated to Professor Zhifen Zhang on the occasion of her 80th birthday 相似文献
10.
11.
Michael Winkler 《Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis》2014,211(2):455-487
This paper deals with an initial-boundary value problem for the system $$\left\{ \begin{array}{llll} n_t + u\cdot\nabla n &=& \Delta n -\nabla \cdot (n\chi(c)\nabla c), \quad\quad & x\in\Omega, \, t > 0,\\ c_t + u\cdot\nabla c &=& \Delta c-nf(c), \quad\quad & x\in\Omega, \, t > 0,\\ u_t + \kappa (u\cdot \nabla) u &=& \Delta u + \nabla P + n \nabla\phi, \qquad & x\in\Omega, \, t > 0,\\ \nabla \cdot u &=& 0, \qquad & x\in\Omega, \, t > 0,\end{array} \right.$$ which has been proposed as a model for the spatio-temporal evolution of populations of swimming aerobic bacteria. It is known that in bounded convex domains ${\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^2}$ and under appropriate assumptions on the parameter functions χ, f and ?, for each ${\kappa\in\mathbb{R}}$ and all sufficiently smooth initial data this problem possesses a unique global-in-time classical solution. The present work asserts that this solution stabilizes to the spatially uniform equilibrium ${(\overline{n_0},0,0)}$ , where ${\overline{n_0}:=\frac{1}{|\Omega|} \int_\Omega n(x,0)\,{\rm d}x}$ , in the sense that as t→∞, $$n(\cdot,t) \to \overline{n_0}, \qquad c(\cdot,t) \to 0 \qquad \text{and}\qquad u(\cdot,t) \to 0$$ hold with respect to the norm in ${L^\infty(\Omega)}$ . 相似文献
12.
We study the dynamics and regularity of level sets in solutions of the semilinear parabolic equation
13.
14.
15.
Forced convective heat transfer coefficients and friction factors for flow of water in microchannels with a rectangular cross
section were measured. An integrated microsystem consisting of five microchannels on one side and a localized heater and seven
polysilicon temperature sensors along the selected channels on the other side was fabricated using a double-polished-prime
silicon wafer. For the microchannels tested, the friction factor constant
obtained are values between 53.7 and 60.4, which are close to the theoretical value from a correlation for macroscopic dimension,
56.9 for D
h
= 100 μm. The heat transfer coefficients obtained by measuring the wall temperature along the micro channels were linearly
dependent on the wall temperature, in turn, the heat transfer mechanism is strongly dependent on the fluid properties such
as viscosity. The measured Nusselt number in the laminar flow regime tested could be correlated by which is quite different from the constant value obtained in macrochannels. 相似文献
16.
In this paper, first a class of fractional differential equations are obtained by using the fractional variational principles.
We find a fractional Lagrangian L(x(t), where
a
c
D
t
α
x(t)) and 0<α<1, such that the following is the corresponding Euler–Lagrange
17.
Michael Winkler 《Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations》2008,20(1):87-113
The paper deals with positive solutions of the initial-boundary value problem for with zero Dirichlet data in a smoothly bounded domain . Here is positive on (0,∞) with f(0) = 0, and λ1 is exactly the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of −Δ in Ω. In this setting, (*) may possess oscillating solutions in presence
of a sufficiently strong degeneracy. More precisely, writing , it is shown that if then there exist global classical solutions of (*) satisfying and . Under the additional structural assumption , s > 0, this result can be sharpened: If then (*) has a global solution with its ω-limit set being the ordered arc that consists of all nonnegative multiples of the
principal Laplacian eigenfunction. On the other hand, under the above additional assumption the opposite condition ensures that all solutions of (*) will stabilize to a single equilibrium.
相似文献
18.
Philippe G. Ciarlet Liliana Gratie Cristinel Mardare 《Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis》2008,188(3):457-473
The fundamental theorem of surface theory classically asserts that, if a field of positive-definite symmetric matrices (a
αβ
) of order two and a field of symmetric matrices (b
αβ
) of order two together satisfy the Gauss and Codazzi-Mainardi equations in a simply connected open subset ω of , then there exists an immersion such that these fields are the first and second fundamental forms of the surface , and this surface is unique up to proper isometries in . The main purpose of this paper is to identify new compatibility conditions, expressed again in terms of the functions a
αβ
and b
αβ
, that likewise lead to a similar existence and uniqueness theorem. These conditions take the form of the matrix equation
19.
I. A. Guerra 《Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations》2007,19(1):243-263
Consider the problem
where Ω is a bounded convex domain in
, N > 2, with smooth boundary
. We study the asymptotic behaviour of the least energy solutions of this system as
. We show that the solution remain bounded for p large. In the limit, we find that the solution develops one or two peaks away from the boundary, and when a single peak occurs, we have a characterization of its location.This research was supported by FONDECYT 1061110 and 3040059. 相似文献
20.
When a porous melt layer saturated by liquid is solidified from above, convection often sets in due to buoyancy forces. In
this study, the onset of buoyancy-driven convection during time-dependent solidification is investigated by using the similarly
transformed disturbance equations. The thermal disturbance distribution of the solid phase is approximated by the WKB method
and effects of various parameters on the stability condition of the melt phase are analyzed theoretically. For the limiting
case of λ → 0 and finite k
r, the critical conditions approach asymptotically and . This study presenting a constant-temperature cooling model predicts greater instability and gives more unstable results
than those obtained from the constant solidification rate model. 相似文献
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