Normal bases for Hopf-Galois algebras

Let be a Hopf algebra over a commutative ring such that is a finitely generated, projective module over , let be a right -comodule algebra, and let be the subalgebra of -coinvariant elements of . If is a Galois extension of and is a local subalgebra of the center of , then is a cleft right -comodule algebra or, equivalently, there is a normal basis for over .

     

A remark on a theorem of J. Tits

Let be a rank two Chevalley group and be the corresponding Moufang polygon. J. Tits proved that is the universal completion of the amalgam formed by three subgroups of : the stabilizer of a point of , the stabilizer of a line incident with , and the stabilizer of an apartment passing through and . We prove a slightly stronger result, in which the exact structure of is not required. Our result can be used in conjunction with the ``weak -pair" theorem of Delgado and Stellmacher in order to identify subgroups of finite groups generated by minimal parabolics.

     

Densely hereditarily hypercyclic sequences and large hypercyclic manifolds

We prove in this paper that if is a hereditarily hypercyclic sequence of continuous linear mappings between two topological vector spaces and , where is metrizable, then there is an infinite-dimensional linear submanifold of such that each non-zero vector of is hypercyclic for . If, in addition, is metrizable and separable and is densely hereditarily hypercyclic, then can be chosen dense.

     

-inner automorphisms of finite groups

We refer to an automorphism of a group as -inner if given any subset of with cardinality less than , there exists an inner automorphism of agreeing with on . Hence is 2-inner if it sends every element of to a conjugate. New examples are given of outer -inner automorphisms of finite groups for all natural numbers .

     

Reflection and uniqueness theorems for harmonic functions

Suppose that is harmonic on an open half-ball in such that the origin 0 is the centre of the flat part of the boundary . If has non-negative lower limit at each point of and tends to 0 sufficiently rapidly on the normal to at 0, then has a harmonic continuation by reflection across . Under somewhat stronger hypotheses, the conclusion is that . These results strengthen recent theorems of Baouendi and Rothschild. While the flat boundary set can be replaced by a spherical surface, it cannot in general be replaced by a smooth -dimensional manifold.

     

Normalizers of the congruence subgroups of the Hecke group

Let cos and let be the Hecke group associated to . In this article, we show that for a prime ideal in , the congruence subgroups of are self-normalized in .

     

A note on -bases of rings

Let be a tower of rings of characteristic . Suppose that is a finitely presented -module. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of -bases of over . Next, let be a polynomial ring where is a perfect field of characteristic , and let be a regular noetherian subring of containing such that . Suppose that is a free -module. Then, applying the above result to a tower of rings, we shall show that a polynomial of minimal degree in is a -basis of over .

     

On the projective-injective modules over cellular algebras

We show that the projective module over a cellular algebra is injective if and only if the socle of coincides with the top of , and this is also equivalent to the condition that the th socle layer of is isomorphic to the th radical layer of for each positive integer . This eases the process of determining the Loewy series of the projective-injective modules over cellular algebras.

     

The linear space of generalized Brownian motions with applications

In this paper, we define, motivated by recent works of Chang and Skoug, stochastic integrals for a generalized Brownian motion ( ) and then use it to study the representation problem on the linear space spanned by . We next establish a translation theorem for -functionals of , , and then use this translation to establish an integration by parts formula for -functionals of .

     

Characterizing Cohen-Macaulay local rings by Frobenius maps

Let be a commutative noetherian local ring of prime characteristic. Denote by the ring regarded as an -algebra through -times composition of the Frobenius map. Suppose that is F-finite, i.e., is a finitely generated -module. We prove that is Cohen-Macaulay if and only if the -modules have finite Cohen-Macaulay dimensions for infinitely many integers .

     

Universal localization of triangular matrix rings

If is a triangular matrix ring, the columns and are f.g. projective -modules. We describe the universal localization of which makes invertible an -module morphism , generalizing a theorem of A. Schofield. We also describe the universal localization of -modules.

     

Irreducible restriction and zeros of characters

Let be a finite group, let be normal in and suppose that is an irreducible complex character of . Then is not irreducible if and only if vanishes on some coset of in .

     

Spreading of quasimodes in the Bunimovich stadium

We consider Dirichlet eigenfunctions of the Bunimovich stadium , satisfying . Write where is the central rectangle and denotes the ``wings,' i.e., the two semicircular regions. It is a topic of current interest in quantum theory to know whether eigenfunctions can concentrate in as . We obtain a lower bound on the mass of in , assuming that itself is -normalized; in other words, the norm of is controlled by times the norm in . Moreover, if is an quasimode, the same result holds, while for an quasimode we prove that the norm of is controlled by times the norm in . We also show that the norm of may be controlled by the integral of along , where is a smooth factor on vanishing at . These results complement recent work of Burq-Zworski which shows that the norm of is controlled by the norm in any pair of strips contained in , but adjacent to .

     

Eventual arm and leg widths in cocharacters of P. I. Algebras

Given a p.i. algebra , we study which partitions correspond to characters with non-zero multiplicities in the cocharacter sequence of . We define the , the eventual arm width to be the maximal so that such can have parts arbitrarily large, and to be the maximum so that the conjugate could have arbitrarily large parts. Our main result is that for any , .

     

Pyramidal vectors and smooth functions on Banach spaces

We prove that if , are Banach spaces such that has nontrivial cotype and has trivial cotype, then smooth functions from into have a kind of ``harmonic" behaviour. More precisely, we show that if is a bounded open subset of and is -smooth with uniformly continuous Fréchet derivative, then is dense in . We also give a short proof of a recent result of P. Hájek.

     

A generalization of Kelley's theorem for -spaces

We prove that if an open map of compacta and has perfect fibers and is a -space, then there exists a -dimensional compact subset of intersecting each fiber of . This is a stronger version of a well-known theorem of Kelley. Applications of this result and related topics are discussed.

     

On Tate-Shafarevich groups of abelian varieties

Let be a finite Galois extension of number fields with Galois group , let be an abelian variety defined over , and let and denote, respectively, the Tate-Shafarevich groups of over and of over . Assuming that these groups are finite, we derive, under certain restrictions on and , a formula for the order of the subgroup of of -invariant elements. As a corollary, we obtain a simple formula relating the orders of , and when is a quadratic extension and is the twist of by the non-trivial character of .

     

Relative Brauer groups of discrete valued fields

Let be a non-trivial finite Galois extension of a field . In this paper we investigate the role that valuation-theoretic properties of play in determining the non-triviality of the relative Brauer group, , of over . In particular, we show that when is finitely generated of transcendence degree 1 over a -adic field and is a prime dividing , then the following conditions are equivalent: (i) the -primary component, , is non-trivial, (ii) is infinite, and (iii) there exists a valuation of trivial on such that divides the order of the decomposition group of at .

     

Catenarity in module-finite algebras

The main theorem says that any module-finite (but not necessarily commutative) algebra over a commutative Noetherian universally catenary ring is catenary. Hence the ring is catenary if is Cohen-Macaulay. When is local and is a Cohen-Macaulay -module, we have that is a catenary ring, for any , and the equality holds true for any pair of prime ideals in and for any saturated chain of prime ideals between and .