Quantum and classical mode softening near the charge-density-wave-superconductor transition of CuxTiSe2

Temperature- and x-dependent Raman scattering studies of the charge-density-wave (CDW) amplitude modes in Cu(x)TiSe(2) show that the amplitude mode frequency omega(0) exhibits identical power-law scaling with the reduced temperature T/T(CDW) and the reduced Cu content x/x(c), i.e., omega(0) approximately (1-p)(0.15) for p=T/T(CDW) or x/x(c), suggesting that mode softening is independent of the control parameter used to approach the CDW transition. We provide evidence that x-dependent mode softening in Cu(x)TiSe(2) is associated with the reduction of the electron-phonon coupling constant, and that x-dependent "quantum" (T approximately 0) mode softening suggests the presence of a quantum critical point within the superconductor phase of Cu(x)TiSe(2).     

NMR evidence for a "Generalized spin-peierls Transition" in the high-magnetic-field phase of the spin ladder Cu2(C5H12N2)2Cl4

The magnetic-field-induced 3D ordered phase of the two-leg spin ladder Cu2(C5H12N2)2Cl4 has been probed through measurements of 1H NMR spectra and 1/T1 in the temperature range 70 mK-1.2 K. The second order transition line T(c)(H) has been determined between H(c1) = 7.52 T and H(c2) = 13.5 T and varies as (H-H(c1))(2/3) close to H(c1). From the observation of anomalous shifts and a crossover in 1/T1 above T(c), the mechanism of the 3D transition is argued to be magnetoelastic as in spin-Peierls chains, here involving a displacement of the protons along the longitudinal exchange ( J( parallel)) path.     

Spin gap in the zigzag spin-1/2 chain cuprate Sr(0.9)Ca(0.1)CuO(2)

We report a comparative study of (63)Cu nuclear magnetic resonance spin lattice relaxation rates T(1)(-1) on undoped SrCuO(2) and Ca-doped Sr(0.9)Ca(0.1)CuO(2) spin chain compounds. A temperature independent T(1)(-1) is observed for SrCuO(2) as expected for an S=1/2 Heisenberg chain. Surprisingly, we observe an exponential decrease of T(1)(-1) for T<90 K in the Ca-doped sample evidencing the opening of a spin gap. The data analysis within the J(1)-J(2) Heisenberg model employing density-matrix renormalization group calculations suggests an impurity driven small alternation of the J(2)-exchange coupling as a possible cause of the spin gap.     

Novel dynamic ccaling regime in hole-doped La2CuO4

Only 3% hole doping by Li is sufficient to suppress the long-range three-dimensional (3D) antiferromagnetic order in La2CuO4. The spin dynamics of such a 2D spin liquid state at T相似文献   

Universal scaling of the conductivity at the superfluid-insulator phase transition

The scaling of the conductivity at the superfluid-insulator quantum phase transition in two dimensions is studied by numerical simulations of the Bose-Hubbard model. In contrast to previous studies, we focus on properties of this model in the experimentally relevant thermodynamic limit at finite temperature T. We find clear evidence for deviations from omega k scaling of the conductivity towards omega k/T scaling at low Matsubara frequencies omega k. By careful analytic continuation using Padé approximants we show that this behavior carries over to the real frequency axis where the conductivity scales with omega/T at small frequencies and low temperatures. We estimate the universal dc conductivity to be sigma* = 0.45(5)Q2/h, distinct from previous estimates in the T = 0, omega/T > 1 limit.     

Extended universal finite-T renormalization of excitations in a class of one-dimensional quantum magnets

Temperature dependencies of gap energies and magnon lifetimes are measured in the quasi-one-dimensional S=1/2 gapped quantum magnets (CH3)(2)CHNH(3)CuCL(3) (IPA-CuCl(3), where IPA denotes isopropyl ammonium) and Cu(2)Cl(4).D(8)C(4)SO(2) (Sul-Cu(2)Cl(4)) using inelastic neutron scattering. The results are compared to those found in literature for S=1 Haldane spin chain materials and to theoretical calculations for the O(3)- and O(N)- quantum nonlinear sigma-models. It is found that when the T=0 energy gap Delta is used as the temperature scale, all experimental and theoretical curves are identical to within system-dependent but temperature-independent scaling factors of the order of unity. This quasi-universality extends over a surprising broad T range, at least up to kappaT approximately 1.5 Delta.     

Experimental evidence for two gaps in the high-temperature La1.83Sr0.17CuO4 superconductor

The in-plane magnetic field penetration depth (lambda(ab)) in single-crystal La1.83Sr0.17CuO4 was investigated by muon-spin rotation (muSR). The temperature dependence of lambda(ab)(-2) has an inflection point around 10-15 K, suggesting the presence of two superconducting gaps: a large gap (Delta(1)(d)) with d-wave and a small gap (Delta(2)(s)) with s-wave symmetry. The zero-temperature values of the gaps at mu(0)H=0.02 T were found to be Delta(1)(d)(0)=8.2(1) meV and Delta(2)(s)(0)=1.57(8) meV.     

Superfluid transition in a rotating fermi gas with resonant interactions

We study a rotating atomic Fermi gas near a narrow s-wave Feshbach resonance in a uniaxial trap with frequencies Omega perpendicular, Omega z. We predict the upper-critical angular velocity, omega c2(delta,T), as a function of temperature T and detuning delta across the BEC-BCS crossover. The suppression of superfluidity at omega c2 is distinct in the BCS and BEC regimes, with the former controlled by depairing and the latter by the dilution of bosonic molecules. At low T and Omega z < Omega perpendicular, in the BCS and crossover regimes of 0 less similar delta less similar delta c, omega c2 is implicitly given by [formula: see text], vanishing as omega c2 approximately Omega perpendicular(1 - delta/delta c)(1/2) near [formula: see text] (with Delta the BCS gap and gamma the resonance width), and extending the bulk result variant Planck's over 2pi omega c2 approximately 2Delta2/epsilonF to a trap. In the BEC regime of delta < 0 we find omega c2-->Omega perpendicular-, where molecular superfluidity is destroyed only by large quantum fluctuations associated with comparable boson and vortex densities.     

63Cu, 35Cl, and 1H NMR in the S=1/2 Kagome lattice ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2

ZnCu(3)(OH)(6)Cl(2) (S=1/2) is a promising new candidate for an ideal Kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet, because there is no magnetic phase transition down to approximately 50 mK. We investigated its local magnetic and lattice environments with NMR techniques. We demonstrate that the intrinsic local spin susceptibility decreases toward T=0, but that slow freezing of the lattice near approximately 50 K, presumably associated with OH bonds, contributes to a large increase of local spin susceptibility and its distribution. Spin dynamics near T=0 obey a power-law behavior in high magnetic fields.     

Response to tilted magnetic fields in Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8) with columnar defects: evidence for transverse Meissner effect

The transverse Meissner effect (TME) in the highly layered superconductor Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+y) with columnar defects is investigated by transport measurements. We present evidence for the persistence of the Bose glass phase for H(perpendicular)H(+)(perpendicular c), moving kink chains consistent with a commensurate-incommensurate transition scenario are observed. These results show the existence of the TME for H(perpendicular)相似文献   

Transverse Josephson plasma mode in T* phase SmLa(1-x)Sr(x)CuO(4-delta) single crystals

Far-infrared reflectivity along the c axis in T* phase SmLa(1-x)Sr(x)CuO(4-delta) single crystals is measured down to 8 cm(-1). Below T(c), the conductivity peak is observed at 25 cm(-1) for x = 0.15 ( T(c) = 30 K) along with two reflectivity edges at 13 and 27 cm(-1). The conductivity peak is attributed to the transverse Josephson plasma mode between two longitudinal Josephson plasma modes, while the oscillator strength of the peak is found to be smaller than that calculated using the Josephson-coupled multilayer model. The difference is explained by assuming that only a few junctions at the disordered (La,Sr)(2)O(2-delta) block layer take part in the plasma oscillation with omega(pI(')) = 27 cm(-1).     

Quantum critical scaling and the origin of non-fermi-liquid behavior in Sc1-xUxPd3

We used inelastic neutron scattering to study magnetic excitations of Sc1-xUxPd3 for U concentrations (x=0.25, 0.35) near the spin glass quantum critical point (QCP). The excitations are spatially incoherent, broad in energy (E=variant Planck's over 2piomega), and follow omega/T scaling at all wave vectors investigated. Since similar omega/T scaling has been observed for UCu5-xPdx and CeCu6-xAux near the antiferromagnetic QCP, we argue that the observed non-Fermi-liquid behavior in these f-electron materials arises from the critical phenomena near a T=0 K phase transition, irrespective of the nature of the transition.     

Exact phase diagrams for an Ising model on a two-layer Bethe lattice

Using an iteration technique, we obtain exact expressions for the free energy and the magnetization of an Ising model on a two-layer Bethe lattice with intralayer coupling constants J1 and J2 for the first and the second layer, respectively, and interlayer coupling constant J3 between the two layers; the Ising spins also couple with external magnetic fields, which are different in the two layers. We obtain exact phase diagrams for the system and find that when /J3/-->0, DeltaT(c) identical with[T(c)(J3)-T(c)(0)]/T(c)(0) approximately [J3]/J(1)/(1/psi), where T(c)(J3) is the phase-transition temperature for the system with interlayer coupling constant J3 and the shift exponent psi is 1 for J(1)=J(2) and is 0.5 for J1 not equal to J2. Such results are consistent with predictions of a scaling theory. We also derive equations for DeltaT(c) when /J3/ approaches infinity.     

Theory of inelastic scattering from magnetic impurities

We use the numerical renormalization group method to calculate the single-particle matrix elements T of the many-body T matrix of the conduction electrons scattered by a magnetic impurity at T=0 temperature. Since T determines both the total and the elastic, spin-diagonal scattering cross sections, we are able to compute the full energy, spin, and magnetic field dependence of the inelastic scattering cross section sigma(inel)(omega). We find an almost linear frequency dependence of sigma(inel)(omega) below the Kondo temperature T(K), which crosses over to a omega(2) behavior only at extremely low energies. Our method can be generalized to other quantum impurity models.     

Sr2B5O9Cl发光材料X射线粉末衍射数据的测定

用衍射仪收集了Sr2B5O9Cl发光材料的X射线粉末衍射图谱(CuKα),给出了d值大于0.8247的173条衍射线的衍射数据和指标。验证了Peters所给的46条衍射线,补充了其遗漏的9条较弱衍射线和高角度118条衍射线。确认Sr2B5O9Cl多品粉末发光材料属四方晶系,空间群是P42212,晶胞参数α=11.362,c=6.500。     

Fourier Transform Spectra of the E(2)Pi(u)-X(2)Pi(g)((3/2)) System of CuCl(2)

High-resolution Fourier transform spectra of the laser-induced fluorescence of (63)Cu(37)Cl(2) produced in a cell have been recorded following excitation of a single vibronic level of the E(2)Pi(u) electronic state. Fluorescence occurs in combination bands to a broad spread of levels in the ground electronic state. A global vibronic model is proposed for the ground state based on an effective Hamiltonian, which fits the experimental data (2782 fluorescence lines, lower state quantum numbers: v(1) = 0-6, v(2) = 0-2, v(3) = 0-6, and J = 4(1/2)-80(1/2)) to 0.019 cm(-1) rms error. Vibrational, rotational and Renner-Teller parameters are obtained (e.g., omega(2) = 95.195(36) cm(-1), B(e) = 0.055106(3) cm(-1), epsilon = -0.1893(28)). A revised value for the equilibrium internuclear distance Cu-Cl is deduced: r(e)(Cu-Cl) = 0.20341(3) nm. The energy diagram of vibronic levels in the ground state is plotted up to 4000 cm(-1). Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Accurate prediction of large antiferromagnetic interactions in high- T(c) HgBa2Ca(n-1)Cu(n)O(2n+2+delta) ( n = 2,3) superconductor parent compounds

The in-plane nearest-neighbor Heisenberg magnetic coupling constant, J, of La2CuO4, Nd2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, YBa2Cu3O6, and undoped HgBa(2)Ca(n-1)Cu(n)O(2n+2+delta) ( n = 1,2,3) is calculated from accurate ab initio configuration interaction calculations. For the first four compounds, the theoretical J values are in quantitative agreement with experiment. For the Hg-based compounds the predicted values are -135 meV ( n = 1) and approximately -160 meV ( n = 2,3), the latter being much larger than in previous cases and, for n = 3, increasing with pressure. Nevertheless, the physics governing J in all these layered cuprates appears to be the same. Moreover, calculations suggest a possible relationship between J and T(c).     

A nearly universal critical conductivity for semiconductor-metal alloys

Classical ionized impurity scattering is employed to calculate the conductivity at and in the vicinity of the critical point. The result sigma(iis)(x = x(c),T) = Asqrt[T], closely given by e(2)/Planck's over 2pilambda(dB) with the de Broglie wavelength lambda(dB) = h/(2m(*)kT)(1/2) in the nondegenerate regime epsilon(F)x(c), T) might also explain the linear scaling behavior sigma(x, T)-Asqrt[T] = sigma(0)(x/x(0)-1).     

Spectroscopic properties of Er3+ : Ba0.65Sr0.35TiO nanopowders

Ba0.65Sr0.35TiO2 (BST) nanopowders doped with Er3+ were prepared by sol-gel method. The absorption spectrum and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of Er3+ : BST nanopowders was measured at room temperature. Based on the Judd-Ofelt theory, the intensity parameters of Er3+ in BST nanopowders were determined, omega2 = 0.993 x 10(-20) cm2, omega4 = 1.665 x 10(-20) cm2 and omega = 0.540 x 10(-20) cm2, and then the values of the line strengths, radiative transition probabilities and branching ratios of Er3+ were calculated. According to the PL spectrum, the emission bands centered at about 522, 545, 654 and 851 nm corresponding to 2H(11/2)-->4S(3/2-->4I(15/2), 4F(9/2)-->4I(15/2), and 4S(3/2-->4I(13/2) transition were observed, and the emission properties were also discussed. The results show that the Er3+ : BST nanomaterials are prospective candidates for applications in new photoelectric devices.