共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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在Nagel Schrekenberg单车道元胞自动机交通流模型(简称NS模型)的基础上,考虑车辆之间的相对运动薛郁等提出了一种改进的单车道元胞自动机交通流模型(简称改进的NS模型).通过两种情况列出了改进的NS模型存在不尽周严的地方,随之在新模型中引入了行车状态 变量和反馈规则,从而控制车辆出现倒车和刹车过急等现象.通过计算机对新模型进行模拟 ,发现减速概率和车流密度对车流状态的演化影响很大,当减速概率高(如道路条件差)时 ,即使车流密度低,车流也会出现局部堵塞状态;而当减速概率一定时,随着车流密度增加 ,车流的运动相与堵塞相发生了全局性的交替出现,此时类似于波的波峰和波谷的传播.与 改进的NS模型相比较,新模型模拟的车流量较高,说明新模型减少了车流的总体停滞状态.
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机
行车状态
反馈规则 相似文献
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在NaSh模型的基础上,考虑交通事故和养护路段等意外事件对高速公路交通流的影响,建立了有意外事件影响的在车道管制下的高速公路交通流元胞自动机模型,并进行数值模拟. 研究发现:意外事件对高速公路交通流有明显影响,并且意外事件对交通流的影响在某一密度值范围内尤其明显,且意外事件堵塞点在第一车道比在第二车道对交通流的影响小;同时,在该密度值范围内,意外事件堵塞时间和堵塞路段长度越长,对交通流的影响就越大.
关键词:
元胞自动机
交通流
意外事件 相似文献
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在经典单路段元胞自动机交通流模型的基础上,将多个路段视为一个道路系统,提出并研究了多路段条件下的交通流问题.针对多路段道路的特点,通过引入车辆流入规则、路口随机慢化规则和路口车辆流入规则,控制车辆从上一路段流入下一路段.首先提出了"汽车池"的概念,来控制每一路口车辆的流入;然后通过路口随机慢化,来模拟路口对交通的影响;最后,当车辆离开时,依直行率进入下一路段,实现车流的继续流动.同时,通过数值模拟,仿真了不同条件下的交通情况,对重要参数进行了研究.结果表明,出现了混合流这一新的现象,拥堵地段与非拥堵地段间存在明显的界限.拥堵往往最先从路口开始,然后蔓延到整个路段.多路段道路还存在临界突变的特性.随着车辆流入概率的增大,路口对平均速度和车流密度的影响愈加明显.当流入概率超过一定阈值时,车辆缓慢地增加也会引起整体道路通行能力的迅速下降. 相似文献
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在分析应急车辆对城市道路交通流影响的基础上, 引入让行状态参数、警笛影响区域和强制换道安全距离等特征变量, 修改换道规则, 建立了多车道元胞自动机模型, 并进行数值模拟. 结果表明, 车道数量和混合车辆比例系数在低密度范围内影响车辆速度及换道次数, 警笛影响区域参数改变了一定范围内车辆的换道次数, 应急车辆强制换道安全距离参数主要影响应急车辆的速度及换道次数.研究发现, 应急车辆对低密度交通流的扰动现象明显, 其与社会车辆相互作用参数的设置使得交通流元胞自动机模型更接近应急条件下实际交通运行.
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机
应急车辆 相似文献
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在STNS模型的基础上,建立了可利用智能交通系统实时信息的高速公路可变速度限制区段元胞自动机模型,对动态速度控制区段的交通流特性进行模拟,分析了不同有效限速值、区段长度与交通状况下的限速对交通流和道路通行能力的影响,以及限速有效性条件.模拟结果表明可变速度限制作为交通管理控制的辅助手段,具有一定的使用条件,针对不同交通状况采用不同的最优限速值和区段长度的动态速度控制方法,可在保证交通安全的前提下达到抑制交通拥堵、减少车辆总通行时间从而提高道路实际通行能力的目的. 相似文献
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This paper uses the cellular automaton model to study the
dynamics of traffic flow around an on-ramp with an acceleration lane.
It adopts a parameter, which can reflect different lane-changing
behaviour, to represent the diversity of driving behaviour. The
refined cellular automaton model is used to describe the lower
acceleration rate of a vehicle. The phase diagram and the capacity of the
on-ramp system are investigated. The simulation results show that in
the single cell model, the capacity of the on-ramp system will stay
at the highest flow of a one lane system when the driver is moderate
and careful; it will be reduced when the driver is aggressive. In
the refined cellular automaton model, the capacity is always reduced
even when the driver is careful. It proposes that the capacity drop of
the on-ramp system is caused by aggressive lane-changing behaviour
and lower acceleration rate. 相似文献
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The combined bottleneck effect is investigated by modeling
traffic systems with an on-ramp and a nearby bus stop in a two-lane
cellular automaton model. Two cases, i.e. the bus stop locates in
the downstream section of the on-ramp and the bus stop locates in
the upstream section of the on-ramp, are considered separately. The
upstream flux and downstream flux of the main road, as well as the
on-ramp flux are analysed in detail, with respect to the entering
probabilities and the distance between the on-ramp and the bus stop.
It is found that the combination of the two bottlenecks causes the
capacity to drop off, because the vehicles entering the main road
from the on-ramp would interweave with the stopping (pulling-out)
buses in the downstream (upstream) case. The traffic conflict in the
former case is much heavier than that in the latter, causing the
downstream main road to be utilized inefficiently. This suggests
that the bus stop should be set in the upstream section of the
on-ramp to enhance the capacity. The fluxes both on the main road
and on the on-ramp vary with the distance between the two
bottlenecks in both cases. However, the effects of distance
disappear gradually at large distances. These findings might give
some guidance to traffic optimization and management. 相似文献
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This paper modifies the weighted probabilistic cellular automaton model (Li X L, Kuang H, Song T, et al 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 2366) which considered a diversity of traffic behaviors under real traffic situations induced by various driving characters and habits. In the new model, the effects of the velocity at the last time step and drivers' desire for acceleration are taken into account. The fundamental diagram, spatial-temporal diagram, and the
time series of one-minute data are analyzed. The results show that this model reproduces synchronized flow. Finally, it simulates the on-ramp system with the proposed model. Some characteristics including the phase diagram are studied. 相似文献
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在一维元胞自动机交通流WWH模型和SDNS模型的基础上,建立了考虑驾驶方式改变的元胞自动机模型(Change-CA模型).具体描述为驾驶员可根据交通环境选择不同的驾驶方式在道路上驾车行驶,以各自的演化规则进行状态更新,同时定义了驾驶方式更新原则.通过计算机数值模拟,发现驾驶方式可变时,模型模拟得到的混合交通流流量较大;保守型驾驶方式对交通流变化的影响随改变概率增大而减少.并且在演化过程中,驾驶方式改变频率的变化趋势与改变概率、安全概率密切相关.与NS模型和SDNS模型相比,Change-CA模型减少了车流
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机
驾驶方式
计算机数值模拟 相似文献
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An improved cellular automaton model considering the effect of traffic lights and driving behaviour 下载免费PDF全文
This paper proposes an improved cellular automaton model to describe the urban traffic flow with the consideration of traffic light and driving behaviour effects. Based on the model,the characteristics of the urban traffic flow on a single-lane road are investigated under three different control strategies,i.e.,the synchronized,the green wave and the random strategies. The fundamental diagrams and time-space patterns of the traffic flows are provided for these strategies respectively. It finds that the dynamical transition to the congested flow appears when the vehicle density is higher than a critical level. The saturated flow is less dependent on the cycle time and the strategies of the traffic light control,while the critical vehicle density varies with the cycle time and the strategies. Simulated results indicate that the green wave strategy is proven to be the most effective one among the above three control strategies. 相似文献
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在一维交通流元胞自动机NaSch模型的基础上,优先考虑驾驶员的不确定性敏感预期行为, 将随机延迟过程放在确定性减速之前,从而建立一种新的一维元胞自动机交通流模型:敏感驾驶模型 (简称SDNaSch模型),并根据所给出的车辆状态演化的并行更新规则作了数值模 拟,模拟得到的基本图表明,与NaSch模型相比,道路交通量有较大提高,接近于实测数据 ,说明新模型能更贴切地描述交通现象;某些密度区域流量出现两个分支,表明在临界点附 近存在亚稳态;而且会出现畅行相与阻塞相的相分离界面. 从车辆速度分布演化的时空斑图 ,可以看到宽幅运动阻塞相的出现以及畅行相→宽幅运动阻塞相和宽幅运动阻塞相→畅行相 的相变. 接着,计及实际交通情况,考虑行驶车辆中一部分是敏感驾驶,而其余车辆按NaSc h模型规则行驶,数值模拟结果进一步证明,敏感驾驶因素对车流的作用是很大的,随着敏 感驾驶车辆的增多,道路容量也随之提高.
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机模型
亚稳态
相分离
交通相变 相似文献
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