考虑输入受限和自动驾驶仪延迟的自适应滑模制导律

在输入受限的情况下,为了满足导弹拦截机动目标时高精度制导的需求,首先建立了满足输入受限和考虑导弹自动驾驶仪一阶动态特性的制导模型,其把目标加速度视为未知有界的外界干扰,通过设计自适应控制估计干扰的上界来避免对干扰上界的先验要求,同时结合滑模控制,设计了一种考虑输入受限和自动驾驶仪延迟的自适应滑模制导律,并且基于Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了制导系统状态渐进收敛到零。最后,在所设计的制导律下,对目标余弦机动和阶跃机动两种情况进行了仿真,得到的脱靶量分别为0.040 m和0.036 m,拦截时间分别为6.460 s和7.833 s。仿真结果表明所设计的制导律不仅保证导弹有效击中目标,并且具有较高的制导精度。     

基于反演高阶滑模的飞行器最优末制导律

针对传统最优末制导律鲁棒性能较弱,且对参数摄动及外扰敏感的不足,而滑模控制对扰动具有较强鲁棒性的优点,提出一种新的基于反演准连续高阶滑模的最优末制导律,其中反演控制能够有效保证系统全局稳定性,而准连续高阶滑模控制则用于消除扰动影响。为了去除抖振效果,引入自适应超螺旋算法在线更新控制参数以消除符号函数导致的高频抖振影响。仿真结果表明:飞行器在该末制导律导引下,弹目视线角速率快速收敛,从而保证飞行器有很高的命中精度;鲁棒性较强;能够较好的满足约束条件要求。     

多导弹攻击时间协同的滑模制导律

针对多导弹攻击时间协同的高价值或大型目标攻击问题,基于滑模控制方法,提出了一种非奇异的滑模制导律,并设计了一种适用于机动目标的导弹剩余飞行时间估计方法。通过对滑模制导律切换控制部分的合理设计,保证了系统的Lyapunov稳定性,且避免了滑模面的收敛和保持受到弹道收敛的影响总是可达的。适用于机动目标的剩余飞行时间估计方法采用虚拟目标的设计思路,将目标加速度和速度对弹目相对运动关系的影响投影到弹目视线方向上,从而实现目标的虚拟静止。针对目标固定、非机动和机动三种情况,进行了多枚导弹飞行时间协同攻击的数字仿真。仿真结果表明所估计的剩余飞行时间可以快速收敛到真值,且误差趋近于零。所设计的多导弹攻击时间协同滑模制导律在完成目标攻击的同时,实现了导弹间在攻击时间上的协同。     

具有攻击角约束的非奇异终端滑模导引律设计

为了满足导弹拦截高速大机动目标时高精度制导的需求,首先对二维平面内的弹目相对运动方程进行状态扩张,对于影响制导性能的目标总扰动采用了扩张状态观测器的方法进行动态补偿。然后在非奇异终端滑模面的基础上选取了两种滑模趋近律,设计了两种具有攻击角约束的非奇异终端滑模导引律。最后数值仿真结果表明,在观测器对扩张系统状态进行实时有效估计的前提下,针对不同的期望视线角和目标机动方式,所设计的两种导引律在满足期望的性能要求的同时,可实现导弹对目标的高精度快速打击。     

双导弹拦截角度协同的微分对策制导律

为提高命中高价值目标的概率,基于线性二次型微分对策理论,对两枚导弹协同拦截单个目标的制导律进行了研究。单枚导弹在最小化自身脱靶量的同时,与另一枚导弹实现拦截角度上的协同,从而构成特定的拦截态势,以提高拦截机动目标的性能和末制导尾端对目标的可观测性。所推导的微分对策制导律考虑到了对策三方的控制系统动态,且具有解析解,形式上为零控脱靶量和零控协同拦截角误差的线性组合。基于推导结果完成了微分对策制导律的制导增益和对策空间分析,给出了鞍点解的存在条件,并进行了分析。非线性系统仿真结果表明由于导弹间存在显式的协同关系,拦截目标所需的加速度较低,且在设定的协同拦截角度收敛后,加速度会进一步减小。     

有界控制导弹攻击防御性飞机的制导律

为提高攻击导弹同时面对目标飞机及其防御导弹情况下的命中概率,基于微分对策理论,对攻击导弹的制导律进行了设计。应对独立控制的多对象博弈问题,微分对策理论具有天然的优势,且相比于最优制导律,微分对策制导律对于目标机动估计误差和机动策略具有更强的鲁棒性。所推导的微分对策制导律进一步考虑了攻击导弹的控制有界性,且适用于攻击导弹、目标飞机和防御导弹具有高阶线性控制系统动态的情形。为验证制导律性能,进行了非线性系统仿真,结果表明该制导律在成功归避防御导弹的同时可实现趋于零脱靶量的目标拦截。攻击导弹为实现规避和攻击的双重任务,仅需要保持相比于防御导弹两倍左右的机动优势。     

带有攻击角约束的多导弹协同制导律

针对带有攻击角约束的多导弹同时攻击机动目标问题,提出了一种带有攻击角约束的协同制导律。首先基于平面内的导弹-目标相对运动方程,建立了带有攻击角约束的协同制导模型;其次,把协同制导律的设计过程分离为两个部分:一是基于图论的有关内容,运用有限时间一致性理论设计沿着视线方向上的加速度指令来保证所有导弹与目标的相对距离在有限时间内到达一致,进而保证所有的导弹同时击中机动目标;二是利用非齐次干扰观测器对机动目标的加速度进行估计,并运用滑模控制设计视线法向上的加速度指令来保证每枚导弹与目标间的视线角速率收敛到零和视线角收敛到期望的终端视线角,即每枚导弹以期望的终端视线角成功击中目标;最后,对三枚导弹同时打击同一机动目标的情况进行仿真,仿真结果表明本文设计的带有攻击角约束的协同制导律的有效性和正确性。     

分数阶微积分在滑模控制中的应用特性

针对分数阶微积分算子的信息记忆与遗传特性,从分数阶滑模趋近律与分数阶滑模控制律两方面,对分数阶微积分算子在滑模控制理论中的应用特性进行了研究。首先,从传统滑模控制理论的几种趋近律入手,引出分数阶滑模趋近律并分析其收敛特性。其次,针对航天器姿态控制系统,设计了一种分数阶滑模控制器。最后,对比数值仿真验证了所设计控制器的良好性能,与传统滑模趋近律和传统滑模控制律相比,分数阶滑模趋近律具有较好的平滑特性,分数阶滑模控制律具有更好的抗干扰性与强鲁棒性。     

一种新型变指数幂次趋近律的设计与分析

针对传统滑模趋近律中的抖振现象、收敛速度慢等不足,提出一种新型变指数幂次趋近律。该趋近律通过使用变指数幂次项,实现了在系统趋近过程中根据不同阶段进行自适应调节的功能,大幅提高了系统的收敛速度,并具有全局有限时间收敛特性。当系统存在模型不确定型和外部有界扰动时,滑模变量可在有限时间内收敛到边界层宽度为1左右的稳态误差界内,且该稳态误差小于现有的双幂次趋近律、快速幂次趋近律和多幂次趋近律等方法的结果。仿真算例验证了所提出趋近律的有效性和优越性。     

基于自适应滑模的重复使用运载器容错控制

针对重复使用运载器(RLV)等类飞行器存在外界干扰和执行机构故障等情况,提出一种基于姿态跟踪容错控制方法。在正常的运行模式下,姿态跟踪控制采用连续四元数反馈控制器。当系统中出现故障时,飞行器姿态将偏离参考轨迹,此时触发控制系统中滑动模态反应,使系统具有鲁棒性。通过选取适当李雅普诺夫函数,证明了所提出的控制律在存在故障的情况下是渐近稳定的。针对由于传感器干扰滑模面非零而导致的增益渐增,以及控制器性能下降问题,设计了一种具有自适应参数的自适应滑模控制律,使增益能够收敛到合理上界。最后,选取重复使用运载器再入段为对象进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,采用有自适应滑模参数的控制系统,四元数跟踪误差能够达到10~(-4)量级。     

Finite-time real combination synchronization of three complex-variable chaotic systems with unknown parameters via sliding mode control

The problem of real combination synchronization between three complex-variable chaotic systems with unknown parameters is investigated by nonsingular terminal sliding mode control in a finite time. Based on the adaptive laws and finite-time stability theory, a nonsingular terminal sliding mode control is designed to ensure the real combination synchronization of three complex-variable chaotic systems in a given finite time. It is theoretically gained that the introduced sliding mode technique has finite-time convergence and stability in both arriving and sliding mode phases. Numerical simulation results are given to show the effectiveness and reliability of the finite-time real combination synchronization.     

Finite-time combination-combination synchronization of four different chaotic systems with unknown parameters via sliding mode control

In this paper, we apply the nonsingular terminal sliding mode control technique to realize the novel combination-combination synchronization between combination of two chaotic systems as drive system and combination of two chaotic systems as response system with unknown parameters in a finite time. On the basic of the adaptive laws and finite-time stability theory, an adaptive combination sliding mode controller is proposed to ensure the occurrence of the sliding motion in a given finite time for four different chaotic systems. In theory, it is proved that the sliding mode technique can realize fast convergence for four different chaotic systems in the finite time. Some criteria and corollaries are derived for finite-time combination-combination synchronization of four different chaotic systems. Numerical simulation results are shown to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the combination-combination synchronization.     

Decentralized adaptive attitude synchronization control for spacecraft formation using nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode

This paper studies the attitude synchronization control problem for a group of spacecraft. Considering inertia uncertainties and external disturbances with unknown bounds, a decentralized adaptive control scheme is developed using nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode (NFTSM). A multispacecraft NFTSM is firstly designed, which contains the advantages of the nonsingular terminal sliding mode and the traditional linear sliding mode together. Then, the continuous decentralized adaptive NFTSM control laws with boundary layer by employing NFTSM associated with novel adaptive architecture are proposed, which can eliminate the chattering, and guarantee the attitude tracking errors converge to the regions containing the origin in finite time. At last, numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control strategy.     

基于有限时间收敛的双臂空间机器人捕获卫星主动对接力/位姿阻抗控制

针对双臂空间机器人捕获卫星主动对接力/位姿阻抗控制进行了研究. 为防止捕获过程中机械臂末端执行器与卫星接触、碰撞时产生的冲击载荷对机器人关节造成冲击破坏, 在各关节电机与机械臂之间加入了一种弹簧阻尼缓冲机构. 该机构可通过弹簧实现冲击力矩的卸载, 阻尼器则用于因弹簧引起的柔性振动的抑制. 为解决捕获过程中的非完整动力学约束及捕获后混合体系统的协调控制问题, 结合牛顿第三定律、捕获点的速度约束及闭链几何约束, 获得捕获后混合体系统的动力学方程, 且通过动量守恒关系计算碰撞冲击效应与碰撞冲击力. 通过分析对接装置在载体坐标系下的运动学关系, 建立对接装置相对载体的运动雅可比矩阵, 并基于此建立基于力的二阶线性阻抗模型, 实现对接装置输出力的精确控制. 考虑到主动对接操作过程要求控制器具有收敛速度快, 控制精度高的特点, 通过结合终端滑模与超扭滑模的特点, 提出一种非奇异快速终端滑模阻抗控制策略. 该策略即能实现主动对接操作中位姿与输出力的快速响应, 又能有效地抑制滑模的抖振以保证控制精度. 通过Lyapunov定理证明系统的稳定性; 利用数值模拟验证缓冲装置的抗冲击性能及所提阻抗控制策略的有效性.      

A Lyapunov-based control scheme for robust stabilization of fractional chaotic systems

This paper concerns the problem of robust stabilization of autonomous and non-autonomous fractional-order chaotic systems with uncertain parameters and external noises. We propose a simple efficient fractional integral-type sliding surface with some desired stability properties. We use the fractional version of the Lyapunov theory to derive a robust sliding mode control law. The obtained control law is single input and guarantees the occurrence of the sliding motion in a given finite time. Furthermore, the proposed nonlinear control strategy is able to deal with a large class of uncertain autonomous and non-autonomous fractional-order complex systems. Also, Rigorous mathematical and analytical analyses are provided to prove the correctness and robustness of the introduced approach. At last, two illustrative examples are given to show the applicability and usefulness of the proposed fractional-order variable structure controller.     

A NEW EFFICIENT METHOD TO BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR BALLISTIC ROCKET GUIDANCE

IntroductionThe problem of motion control for the mass center of ballistic rocket pertained typicallyto the boundary value problem for two points with the non-linear and multi-variables,namely,given the initial states of rocket,in order to satisfy the res…     

Forced sliding mode control for chaotic systems synchronization

Synchronization of chaotic systems is considered to be a common engineering problem. However, the proposed laws of synchronization control do not always provide robustness toward the parametric perturbations. The purpose of this article is to show the use of synergy-cybernetic approach for the construction of robust law for Arneodo chaotic systems synchronization. As the main method of design of robust control, the method of design of control with forced sliding mode of the synergetic control theory is considered. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed law, in this article it is compared with the classical sliding mode control and adaptive backstepping. The distinctive features of suggested robust control law are the more good compensation of parametric perturbations (better performance indexes—the root-mean-square error (RMSE), average absolute value (AVG) of error) without designing perturbation observers, the ability to exclude the chattering effect, less energy consuming and a simpler analysis of the stability of a closed-loop system. The study of the proposed control law and the change of its parameters and the place of parametric perturbation’s application is carried out. It is possible to significantly reduce the synchronization error and RMSE, as well as AVG of error by reducing some parameters, but that leads to an increase in control signal amplitude. The place of application of parametric disturbances (slave or master system) has no effect on the RMSE and AVG of error. Offered approach will allow a new consideration for the design of robust control laws for chaotic systems, taking into account the ideas of directed self-organization and robust control. It can be used for synchronization other chaotic systems.

     

Adaptive interval type-2 fuzzy sliding mode control for unknown chaotic system

In this paper, a novel adaptive interval type-2 fuzzy sliding mode control (AIT2FSMC) methodology is proposed based on the integration of sliding mode control and adaptive interval type-2 fuzzy control for chaotic system. The AIT2FSMC system is comprised of a fuzzy control design and a hitting control design. In the fuzzy control design, an interval type-2 fuzzy controller is designed to mimic a feedback linearization (FL) control law. In the hitting control design, a hitting controller is designed to compensate the approximation error between the FL control law and the interval type-2 fuzzy controller. The parameters of the interval type-2 fuzzy controller, as well as the uncertainty bound of the approximation error, are tuned adaptively. The adaptive laws are derived in the sense of Lyapunov stability theorem, thus the stability of the system can be guaranteed. The proposed control system compared to adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control (AFSMC). Simulation results show that the proposed control systems can achieve favorable performance and robust with respect to system uncertainties and external disturbances.     

漂浮基柔性关节空间机器人自适应滑模运动控制及振动主动抑制

讨论了关节柔性且系统参数不确定的漂浮基空间机器人系统的动力学建模过程、运动轨迹跟踪控制算法设计及系统柔性振动的主动抑制问题。利用系统动量、动量矩守恒关系和拉格朗日法对系统动力学进行分析,并建立系统动力学方程。基于奇异摄动法将系统分解为表示系统刚性运动部分的慢变子系统和表示系统柔性运动部分的快变子系统。针对慢变子系统提出了一种自适应滑模控制算法。该控制算法是由基于滑模面的等效控制项、自适应控制项和PID反馈控制项组成。因此,它集合了滑模控制、自适应算法和PID技术的优点,且弥补了三种算法各自的缺点。该控制算法能够有效地补偿系统的转动误差和不确定参数,提高控制系统的精度。针对快变子系统,提出基于速度差值的反馈控制算法来抑制柔性关节引起的系统柔性振动,保证系统的稳定性。最后,通过仿真实验证明了提出的混合控制算法的有效性。