共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
B. Canals D.A. Garanin 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,26(4):439-447
Thermodynamic quantities and correlation functions (CFs) of the classical antiferromagnet on the checkerboard lattice are
studied for the exactly solvable infinite-component spin-vector model, D↦∞. In contrast to conventional two-dimensional magnets with continuous symmetry showing extended short-range order at distances
smaller than the correlation length, r
ξ
c∝ exp(T
*/T), correlations in the checkerboard-lattice model decay already at the scale of the lattice spacing due to the strong degeneracy
of the ground state characterized by a macroscopic number of strongly fluctuating local degrees of freedom. At low temperatures,
spin CFs decay as <
>∝ 1/r
2 in the range a
0≪r≪ξ
c∝T
-1/2, where a0 is the lattice spacing. Analytical results for the principal thermodynamic quantities in our model are very similar with
MC simulations, exact and analytical results for the classical Heisenberg model (D = 3) on the pyrochlore lattice. This shows that the ground state of the infinite-component spin vector model on the checkerboard
lattice is a classical spin liquid.
Received 16 November 2001 and Received in final form 12 February 2002 相似文献
2.
H. Chamati D.M. Dantchev 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,26(1):89-99
The finite size behavior of the susceptibility, Binder cumulant and some even moments of the magnetization of a fully finite
O(n) cubic system of size L are analyzed and the corresponding scaling functions are derived within a field-theoretic ɛ-expansion scheme under periodic
boundary conditions. We suppose a van der Waals type long-range interaction falling apart with the distance r as r
- (d + σ), where 2 < σ < 4, which does not change the short-range critical exponents of the system. Despite that the system belongs
to the short-range universality class it is shown that above the bulk critical temperature T
c the finite-size corrections decay in a power-in-L, and not in an exponential-in-L law, which is normally believed to be a characteristic feature for such systems.
Received 8 August 2001 相似文献
3.
E. Mezzetti A. Chiodoni R. Gerbaldo G. Ghigo L. Gozzelino B. Minetti C. Camerlingo C. Giannini 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2001,19(3):357-362
This paper reports on the striking correlation between nanosize mosaic domain walls in YBCO films and 1D rows of parallel
Josephson junctions, determining the J
c
vs.B curves. From X-ray data analysis, it results that the average “hidden" domain wall, faceted at a nanometric scale, is almost
mimicking the Josephson Junction (JJ) 1D array. The assumption that the JJs and the domain-wall arrays are coincident, enables
to find out the particular scaling field, making the J
c
vs.B curves independent of temperature. This scaling field can be interpreted in terms of the Josephson nature of the transport
current across these particular patterns in the intermediate temperature range. By means of our model it is also possible
to calculate two asymptotic behaviors of the pinning force as a function of field, for low and high fields, respectively.
These behaviors are punctually repeated by the experimental results in the same asymptotic limit, so that two corresponding
vortex regimes are clearly pointed out. All results can be interpreted by concluding that in the intermediate temperature
range, the strong pinning observed in high quality YBCO films is due to the Josephson Junctions average patterns. These patterns
are the counterpart related to the transport mechanisms of “hidden" structural nano-domains.
Received 16 October 2000 and Received in final form 28 November 2000 相似文献
4.
We consider a low-density assembly of spherical colloids, such that each is clothed by L end-grafted chemically incompatible polymer chains either of types A or B. These are assumed to be dissolved in a good common solvent. We assume that colloids are of small size to be considered as
star-polymers. Two adjacent star-polymers A and B interact through a force F originating from both excluded-volume effects and chemical mismatch between unlike monomers. Using a method developed by
Witten and Pincus (Macromolecules 19, 2509 (1986)) in the context of star-polymers of the same chemical nature, we determine exactly the force F as a function of the center-to-center distance h. We find that this force is the sum of two contributions F
e and F
s. The former, that results from the excluded volume, decays as F
e∼A
L
h
-1, with the L -dependent universal amplitude A
L∼L
3/2. While the second, which comes from the chemical mismatch, decays more slowly as F
s∼χB
L
h
-1 - τ, where τ is a critical exponent whose value is found to be τ 0.40, and χ is the standard Flory interaction parameter. We find that the corresponding L-dependent universal amplitude is B
L∼L
3 + τ
/2. Theses forces are comparable near the cores of two adjacent star-polymers, i.e. for h∼h
c∼a
(a is the monomer size). Finally, for two star-polymers of the same chemical nature (A or B), the force F that simply results from excluded-volume effects coincides exactly with F
e, and then the known result is recovered.
Received 2 October 2000 and Received in final form 24 January 2001 相似文献
5.
D. Dantchev J. Rudnick 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2001,21(2):251-268
We study the behavior of systems in which the interaction contains a long-range component that does not dominate the critical
behavior. Such a component is exemplified by the van der Waals force between molecules in a simple liquid-vapor system. In
the context of the mean spherical model with periodic boundary conditions we are able to identify, for temperatures close
above T
c, finite-size contributions due to the subleading term in the interaction that are dominant in this region decaying algebraically as a function of L. This mechanism goes beyond the standard formulation of the finite-size scaling but is to be expected in real physical systems.
We also discuss other ways in which critical point behavior is modified that are of relevance for analysis of Monte Carlo
simulations of such systems.
Received 21 November 2000 and Received in final form 28 February 2001 相似文献
6.
Lei Gao Yanyan Huang 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2003,33(2):165-171
The effective linear and nonlinear optical properties of metal/dielectric composite media, in which ellipsoidal metal inclusions
are distributed in shape, are investigated. The shape distribution function P(L
x, L
y) is assumed to be 2Δ-2θ(L
x - 1/3 + Δ/3)θ(L
y - 1/3 + Δ/3)θ(2/3 + Δ/3 - L
x - L
y), where θ( . . . ) is the Heaviside function, Δ is the shape variance and Li are the depolarization factors of the ellipsoidal inclusions along i-symmetric axes (i = x, y). Within the spectral representation, we adopt Maxwell-Garnett type approximation to study the effect of shape variance Δ
on the effective nonlinear optical properties. Numerical results show that both the effective linear optical absorption α
∼ ωIm() and the modulus of the effective third-order optical nonlinearity enhancement |χ(3)
e|/χ(3)
1 exhibit the nonmonotonic behavior with Δ. Moreover, with increasing Δ, the optical absorption and the nonlinearity enhancement
bands become broad, accompanied with the decrease of their peaks. The adjustment of Δ from 0 to 1 allows us to examine the
crossover behavior from no separation to large separation between optical absorption and nonlinearity enhancement peaks. As
Δ → 0, i.e., the ellipsoidal shape deviates slightly from the spherical one, the dependence of |χ(3)
e|/χ(3)
1 on Δ becomes strong first and then weak with increasing the imaginary part of inclusions' dielectric constant. In the dilute
limit, the exact formula for the effective optical nonlinearity is derived, and the present approximation characterizes the
exact results better than old mean field one does.
Received 10 December 2002 Published online 4 June 2003
RID="a"
ID="a"e-mail: lgaophys@pub.sz.jsinfo.net 相似文献
7.
We discuss the excess conductivity at nonzero frequencies in a superconductor above Tc within the Gaussian approximation. We focus the attention on the temperature range not too close to Tc: within a time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau formulation, we phenomenologically introduce a short wavelength cutoff (of the order
of the inverse coherence length) in the fluctuational spectrum to suppress high momentum modes. We treat the general cases
of thin wires, anisotropic thin films and anisotropic bulk samples. We obtain in all cases explicit expressions for the finite
frequency fluctuational conductivity. The dc case directly follows. Close to Tc the cutoff has no effect, and the known results for Gaussian fluctuations are recovered. Above Tc, and already for ε = ln(T/T
c) > 10-2, we find strong suppression of the paraconductivity as compared to the Gaussian prediction, in particular in the real part
of the paraconductivity. At high ε the cutoff effects are dominant. We discuss our results in comparison with data on high-Tc superconductors.
Received 19 March 2002 Published online 25 June 2002 相似文献
8.
E.T. Seppälä M.J. Alava 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2001,21(3):407-424
We study the effect of an external field on (1 + 1) and (2 + 1) dimensional elastic manifolds, at zero temperature and with
random bond disorder. Due to the glassy energy landscape the configuration of a manifold changes often in abrupt, “first order”-type
of large jumps when the field is applied. First the scaling behavior of the energy gap between the global energy minimum and
the next lowest minimum of the manifold is considered, by employing exact ground state calculations and an extreme statistics
argument. The scaling has a logarithmic prefactor originating from the number of the minima in the landscape, and reads ΔE
1∼L
θ[ln(L
z
L
- ζ)]-1/2, where ζ is the roughness exponent and θ is the energy fluctuation exponent of the manifold, L is the linear size of the manifold, and Lz is the system height. The gap scaling is extended to the case of a finite external field and yields for the susceptibility
of the manifolds ∼L
2D + 1 - θ[(1 - ζ)ln(L)]1/2. We also present a mean field argument for the finite size scaling of the first jump field, h
1∼L
d - θ. The implications to wetting in random systems, to finite-temperature behavior and the relation to Kardar-Parisi-Zhang non-equilibrium
surface growth are discussed.
Received December 2000 and Received in final form April 2001 相似文献
9.
L. Turban 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2003,33(3):331-338
Shape-dependent universal crossing probabilities are studied, via Monte Carlo simulations, for bond and site directed percolation on the square lattice in the diagonal direction, at the percolation
threshold. In a dynamical interpretation, the crossing probability is the probability that, on a system with size L, an epidemic spreading without immunization remains active at time t. Since the system is strongly anisotropic, the shape dependence in space-time enters through the effective aspect ratio r
eff = ct/L
z, where c is a non-universal constant and z the anisotropy exponent. A particular attention is paid to the influence of the initial state on the universal behaviour
of the crossing probability. Using anisotropic finite-size scaling and generalizing a simple argument given by Aizenman for
isotropic percolation, we also obtain the behaviour of the probability to find n incipient spanning clusters on a finite system at time t. The numerical results are in good agreement with the conjecture.
Received 10 February 2003 Published online 20 June 2003
RID="a"
ID="a"e-mail: turban@lpm.u-nancy.fr
RID="b"
ID="b"UMR CNRS 7556 相似文献
10.
M. Picco F. Ritort M. Sales 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2001,19(4):565-582
The use of parameters measuring order-parameter fluctuations (OPF) has been encouraged by the recent results reported in referenece
[2,3] which show that two of these parameters, G and G
c, take universal values in the . In this paper we present a detailed study of parameters measuring OPF for two mean-field models with and without time-reversal
symmetry which exhibit different patterns of replica symmetry breaking below the transition: the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model
with and without a field and the Ising p-spin glass (p = 3). We give numerical results and analyze the consequences which replica equivalence imposes on these models in the infinite
volume limit. We give evidence for the transition in each system and discuss the character of finite-size effects. Furthermore,
a comparative study between this new family of parameters and the usual Binder cumulant analysis shows what kind of new information
can be extracted from the finite T behavior of these quantities. The two main outcomes of this work are: 1) Parameters measuring OPF give better estimates than
the Binder cumulant for T
c and even for very small systems they give evidence for the transition. 2) For systems with no time-reversal symmetry, parameters
defined in terms of connected quantities are the proper ones to look at.
Received 20 September 2000 and Received in final form 10 January 2001 相似文献
11.
Verneuil E Clain J Buguin A Brochard-Wyart F 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2003,10(4):345-353
A soft bead (radius R
b) is pressed with a force F against a hydrophobic glass plate through a water drop (“wet” JKR set-up). We observe with a fast camera the growth of the
contact zone bridging the rubber bead to the glass. Depending on the approach velocity V, two regimes are observed : i) at large V a liquid film is squeezed at the interface and dewets by nucleation and growth of a dry contact; ii) at low velocities, the
bead remains nearly spherical. As it comes into contact, the rubber bead spreads on the glass with a characteristic time (in
the range of one millisecond) τ ≈ ηR
b
2/F, where η is the liquid viscosity. The laws of spreading are interpreted by a balance of global mechanical and viscous forces.
Received: 22 December 2002 / Accepted: 24 March 2003 / Published online: 29 April 2003
RID="a"
ID="a"e-mail: brochard@curie.fr 相似文献
12.
J.A. Davies 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,27(4):445-447
Over the last five years or so, a number of studies have focussed on the distribution of `success' in physics and other sciences;
in these studies, `success' is measured by the number of times a paper, or an author, is cited. The distribution of citations
of individual papers approximates to a power-law [S. Redner, Eur. Phys. J. B 4, 131 (1998)], while lifetime total citations of the 1120 most-cited physicists follows a stretched exponential [J. Laherrère,
D. Sornette, Eur. Phys. J. B 2, 525 (1998)]. Here, I examine the distribution of success in popular music, a field of creativity that has social structures
very different from those of physics, and which is generally held to be controlled primarily by fashion. For this study, the
lifetime total success of bands was measured by the total number of weeks they were in the weekly `top 75' list of best-selling
recordings. Like the lifetime success of physicists reported by Laherrere and Sornette, the success of the 6107 bands that
appeared in the UK `top 75' from 1950 until 2000 follows a stretched exponential of the form P(x)dx = c(x
c - 1/x
0
c)exp[- (x/x
0)c]dx; for the music data, c = 0.5 and x
0 = 9.37.
Received 23 October 2001 Published online 25 June 2002 相似文献
13.
We present an extensive experimental study and scaling analysis of friction of gelatin gels on glass. At low driving velocities,
sliding occurs via propagation of periodic self-healing slip pulses whose velocity is limited by collective diffusion of the
gel network. Healing can be attributed to a frictional instability occurring at the slip velocity V = V
c. For V > V
c, sliding is homogeneous and friction is ruled by the shear-thinning rheology of an interfacial layer of thickness of order
the (nanometric) mesh size, containing a solution of polymer chain ends hanging from the network. In spite of its high degree
of confinement, the rheology of this system does not differ qualitatively from known bulk ones. The observed ageing of the
static friction threshold reveals the slow increase of adhesive bonding between chain ends and glass. Such structural ageing
is compatible with the existence of a velocity-weakening regime at velocities smaller than V
c, hence with the existence of the healing instability.
Received: 7 March 2003 / Accepted: 2 May 2003 / Published online: 11 June 2003
RID="b"
ID="b"e-mail: ronsin@gps.jussieu.fr 相似文献
14.
G. Katomeris F. Selva J.-L. Pichard 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2003,31(3):401-412
In 1969, Andreev and Lifshitz have conjectured the existence of a supersolid phase taking place at zero temperature between
the quantum liquid and the solid. In this and a succeeding paper, we re-visit this issue for a few polarized electrons (spinless
fermions) interacting via a U/r Coulomb repulsion on a two dimensional L×L square lattice with periodic boundary conditions and nearest neighbor hopping t. This paper is restricted to the magic number of particles N = 4 for which a square Wigner molecule is formed when U increases and to the size L = 6 suitable for exact numerical diagonalizations. When the Coulomb energy to kinetic energy ratio r
s = UL/(2t
) reaches a value r
s
F ≈ 10, there is a level crossing between ground states of different momenta. Above r
s
F, the mesoscopic crystallization proceeds through an intermediate regime ( r
s
F < r
s < r
s
W ≈ 28) where unpaired fermions with a reduced Fermi energy co-exist with a strongly paired, nearly solid assembly. We suggest
that this is the mesoscopic trace of the supersolid proposed by Andreev and Lifshitz. When a random substrate is included,
the level crossing at r
s
F is avoided and gives rise to a lower threshold r
s
F(W) < r
s
F where two usual approximations break down: the Wigner surmise for the distribution of the first energy excitation and the
Hartree-Fock approximation for the ground state.
Received 21 June 2002 Published online 14 February 2003
RID="a"
ID="a"e-mail: jpichard@cea.fr 相似文献
15.
G. Hammerl H. Bielefeldt S. Leitenmeier A. Schmehl C.W. Schneider A. Weber J. Mannhart 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,27(3):299-301
For many applications of polycrystalline high-T
c superconductors the small critical currents of the grain boundaries pose a severe problem. To solve this problem, we derive
novel designs for the microstructure of coated conductors.
Received 25 February 2002 Published online 6 June 2002 相似文献
16.
17.
The dynamic and static properties of a supercooled (non-entangled) polymer melt are investigated via molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations. The system is confined between two completely smooth and purely repulsive walls. The
wall-to-wall separation (film thickness), D, is varied from about 3 to about 14 times the bulk radius of gyration. Despite the geometric confinement, the supercooled
films exhibit many qualitative features which were also observed in the bulk and could be analyzed in terms of mode-coupling
theory (MCT). Examples are the two-step relaxation of the incoherent intermediate scattering function, the time-temperature
superposition property of the late time α-process and the space-time factorization of the scattering function on the intermediate
time scale of the MCT β-process. An analysis of the temperature dependence of the α-relaxation time suggests that the critical
temperature, T
c, of MCT decreases with D. If the confinement is not too strong ( D≥10monomer diameter), the static structure factor of the film coincides with that of the bulk when compared for the same distance,
T - T
c(D), to the critical temperature. This suggests that T - T
c(D) is an important temperature scale of our model both in the bulk and in the films.
Received 12 September 2001 相似文献
18.
J.E. Santos U.C. Täuber 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,28(4):423-440
Second-order phase transitions in a non-equilibrium liquid-gas model with reversible mode couplings, i.e., model H for binary-fluid critical dynamics, are studied using dynamic field theory and the renormalization group. The system
is driven out of equilibrium either by considering different values for the noise strengths in the Langevin equations describing
the evolution of the dynamic variables (effectively placing these at different temperatures), or more generally by allowing
for anisotropic noise strengths, i.e., by constraining the dynamics to be at different temperatures in d
|| - and d
⊥-dimensional subspaces, respectively. In the first, isotropic case, we find one infrared-stable and one unstable renormalization group fixed point. At the stable fixed point, detailed
balance is dynamically restored, with the two noise strengths becoming asymptotically equal. The ensuing critical behavior
is that of the standard equilibrium model H. At the novel unstable fixed point, the temperature ratio for the dynamic variables
is renormalized to infinity, resulting in an effective decoupling between the two modes. We compute the critical exponents
at this new fixed point to one-loop order. For model H with spatially anisotropic noise, we observe a critical softening only in the d
⊥-dimensional sector in wave vector space with lower noise temperature. The ensuing effective two-temperature model H does
not have any stable fixed point in any physical dimension, at least to one-loop order. We obtain formal expressions for the
novel critical exponents in a double expansion about the upper critical dimension d
c = 4 - d
|| and with respect to d
|| , i.e., about the equilibrium theory.
Received 4 April 2002 Published online 13 August 2002 相似文献
19.
Cristóbal López Emilio Hernández-García 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2002,28(3):353-359
We study the influence of diffusion on the scaling properties of the first order structure function, S1, of a two-dimensional chaotically advected passive scalar with finite lifetime, i.e., with a decaying term in its evolution equation. We obtain an analytical expression for S1 where the dependence on the diffusivity, the decaying coefficient and the stirring due to the chaotic flow is explicitly
stated. We show that the presence of diffusion introduces a crossover length-scale, the diffusion scale (Ld), such that the scaling behaviour for the structure function is analytical for length-scales shorter than Ld, and shows a scaling exponent that depends on the decaying term and the mixing of the flow for larger scales. Therefore,
the scaling exponents for scales larger than Ld are not modified with respect to those calculated in the zero diffusion limit. Moreover, Ld turns out to be independent of the decaying coefficient, being its value the same as for the passive scalar with infinite
lifetime. Numerical results support our theoretical findings. Our analytical and numerical calculations rest upon the Feynmann-Kac
representation of the advection-reaction-diffusion partial differential equation.
Received 18 March 2002 Published online 31 July 2002 相似文献
20.
We investigate the drift of an end-labeled telehelic polymer chain in a frozen disordered medium under the action of a constant
force applied to the one end of the macromolecule by means of an off-lattice bead spring Monte Carlo model. The length of
the polymers N is varied in the range 8 < N < 128, and the obstacle concentration in the medium C is varied from zero up to the percolation threshold C≈ 0.75. For field intensities below a C-dependent critical field strength B
c, where jamming effects become dominant, we find that the conformational properties of the drifting chains can be interpreted
as described by a scaling theory based on Pincus blobs. The variation of drag velocity with C in this interval of field intensities is qualitatively described by the law of Mackie-Meares. The threshold field intensity
B
c itself is found to decrease linearly with C.
Received 20 August 2001 and Received in final form 19 November 2001 相似文献