Mössbauer spectroscopic study of a low temperature magnetic transition in ordered Fe-doped NiAl

Mössbauer spectroscopic (MS) measurements at ambient and cryogenic temperatures on powdered Fe-doped NiAl materials (Ni-40Al-9Fe and Ni-50Al-9Fe) exhibited paramagnetic behavior down to 17 K, with one Fe-site in the hosts. At 4.2 K, Ni-40Al-9Fe (Al deficient) remained paramagnetic, while Ni-50Al-9Fe (Ni deficient) displayed a magnetic transition, resolved in terms of one Fe environment. The internal magnetic field of the magnetically split site of Ni-50Al-9Fe was 185?±?8 kOe determined from a field distribution model. This shows that electronic and magnetic interactions in ordered Fe-doped NiAl depend on Fe site preference tendencies. The single Fe site observed at 4.2 K for the Ni-deficient alloy shows that its Fe distribution or site occupancy is not random but ordered. The interactions leading to the development of internal magnetic field in the Ni-deficient ordered alloy is temperature dependent being absent above 17 K based on MS measurements from ambient to 4.2 K.     

M?ssbauer study of the '11' iron-based superconductors parent compound Fe(1+x)Te

(57)Fe M?ssbauer spectroscopy was applied to investigate the superconductor parent compound Fe(1+x)Te for x?=?0.06, 0.10, 0.14, 0.18 within the temperature range 4.2-300?K. A spin density wave (SDW) within the iron atoms occupying regular tetrahedral sites was observed, with the square root of the mean square amplitude at 4.2?K varying between 9.7 and 15.7?T with increasing x. Three additional magnetic spectral components appeared due to the interstitial iron distributed over available sites between the Fe-Te layers. The excess iron showed hyperfine fields at approximately 16, 21 and 49?T for three respective components at 4.2?K. The component with a large field of 49?T indicated the presence of isolated iron atoms with large localized magnetic moments in interstitial positions. Magnetic ordering of the interstitial iron disappeared in accordance with the fallout of the SDW with increasing temperature.     

强磁场下Pt电阻温度传感器的磁致电阻效应研究

以Pt电阻温度传感器(Pt-111)为研究对象,研究了其在0～16T磁场下、4.2～300K温区内的磁致电阻效应.结果表明:Pt-111在0～16T场强、4.2～77K温区内,磁效应随场强的增加和温度的降低而明显升高,77～300K温区内温度计受磁场的影响较小,其中在16T下,4.2K和300K处的磁效应分别为48.2%和1.07%;在4.2-77K温区,Pt-111由磁阻引起的测量误差场强的升高和温度的降低而明显升高,在16T、4.2K处和16T、77K处的温度测量误差分别为18.3K和1.69K.Pt-111不推荐应用在77K以下的磁场环境.     

A57Fe Mössbauer study of Nd(Fe0.5Co0.5)9Si2

A⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer study of Nd(Fe_0.5Co_0.5)₉Si₂ has been carried out over the temperature range 4.2–295 K. The analysis of the Mössbauer spectra, combined with X-ray diffraction on a magnetically aligned powder sample, shows that the easy-magnetization direction lies in the basal plane of this tetragonal BaCd₁₁ structure at 295 K, but is canted at an angle of 29(5) above the basal plane at 4.2 K. AC susceptibility measurements performed in the temperature range 77–295 K reveal a peak spanning the range 87–106 K, with the maximum occurring at 96 K. From these data, we conclude that there is a spin-reorientation from basal c-plane to a canted magnetic structure in this compound, with an onset at 96 K as the temperature decreases.     

Size effect in the spin glass magnetization of thin AuFe films as studied by polarized neutron reflectometry

We used polarized neutron reflectometry to determine the temperature dependence of the magnetization of thin AuFe films with 3% Fe concentration. We performed the measurements in a large magnetic field of 6 T in a temperature range from 295 to 2 K. For the films in the thickness range from 500 to 20 nm we observed a Brillouin-type behavior from 295 K down to 50 K and a constant magnetization of about 0.9 micro(B) per Fe atom below 30 K. However, for the 10 nm thick film we observed a Brillouin-type behavior down to 20 K and a constant magnetization of about 1.3 micro(B) per Fe atom below 20 K. These experiments are the first to show a finite-size effect in the magnetization of single spin-glass films in large magnetic fields. Furthermore, the ability to measure the deviation from the paramagnetic behavior enables us to prove the existence of the spin-glass state where other methods relying on a cusp-type behavior fail.     

Mössbauer Effect Study of Eu0.88Fe4Sb12 Skutterudite

The partly filled skutterudites Eu_0.88Fe₄Sb₁₂ were investigated by ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy in the temperature range 4.2 K ≤ T ≤ 295 K and in external fields up to 13.5 T. The results favour a statistical distribution of Eu and voids in the Fe near neighbour shell. Below 82 ± 1 K magnetic order is present. Debye temperatures Θ _D = 460 ± 20 K and 165 ± 30 K were obtained for Fe with completely occupied Eu sites and for Fe with vacancies in the R-neighbour shell, respectively. The temperature dependence of the quadrupole splitting reflects the thermal expansion of the lattice. The induced hyperfine fields at 4.2 K are negative and differ by roughly a factor of two for the two Fe surroundings.     

Controlled normal and inverse current-induced magnetization switching and magnetoresistance in magnetic nanopillars

By combining pairs of ferromagnetic metals with the same or different signs of scattering anisotropies in ferromagnetic-nonmagnetic-ferromagnetic metal nanopillars, we independently invert just the magnetoresistance, just the direction of current-induced magnetization switching, or both together, at room temperature (295 K) and at 4.2 K. In all cases studied, the switching direction is correctly predicted from the net scattering anisotropy of the fixed ferromagnet, including both bulk and interfacial contributions.     

A Mössbauer effect investigation of the magnetic behaviour of (Fe,Co)S1 + x solid solutions

The Mössbauer spectra of (Fe, Co)S_{1 + x} were recorded at room temperature and 4.2 K for samples of varying composition to study the magnetic behaviour of the solid solutions. The Mössbauer spectra are split magnetically at iron concentrations above 16% Fe. For samples with less than 16%Fe, the Mössbauer spectra show no evidence of magnetic splitting down to 4.2 K. The room temperature centre shift data appear to vary continuously with composition and the hyperfine magnetic field decreases with decreasing Fe²⁺ concentration. A Mössbauer spectrum of ⁵⁷Fe:CoS at 4.2 K in an external field of 25 kOe showed no evidence of magnetic splitting beyond that caused by the applied field, indicating a net zero internal field.A high spin to low spin transition in Fe²⁺ is ruled out as being responsible for the observed magnetic behaviour on the basis of the centre shift data. The Mössbauer data are interpreted to indicate a substantial increase in electron delocalization towards the ligands as the 〈M-S〉 distance decreases with decreasing Fe²⁺concentration. This causes a reduction in the magnitude of the internal magnetic field contributions as well as a decrease of shielding of the nucleus, giving rise to the observed Mössbauer parameters.The Mössbauer spectrum of ⁵⁷Fe:CoS at room temperature is compared with the spectrum of FeS above the 6.7 GPa phase transition at room temperature. The similarities of the centre shift and the 〈M-S〉 distance in the two phases indicate that covalency may also be responsible for the observed high pressure behaviour of FeS, and not the presence of Fe³⁺ as was originally suggested.     

Characterization of the Carancas�CPuno meteorite by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffractometry and transmission M?ssbauer spectroscopy

We report the results of the study of a meteorite that impacted an inhabited zone on 15 September 2007 in the neighborhood of the town of Carancas, Puno Region, about 1,300 km south of Lima. The analysis carried out by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffractometry and transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy (at room temperature and at 4.2 K), reveal the presence in the meteorite sample of magnetic sites assigned to taenite (Fe,Ni) and troilite (Fe,S) phases, and of two paramagnetic doublets assigned to Fe^2?+?, one associated with olivine and the other to pyroxene. In accord with these results, this meteorite is classified as a type IV chondrite meteorite.     

Temperature-dependent hyperfine parameters in CaFeSi2O6

Two samples of natural hedenbergite CaFeSi₂O₆ were studied in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 295 K, and at 78 K and 295 K in magnetic fields from 4.5 T to 7.5 T. The sign of V_ZZ is positive at 4.2 and 78 K and negative at 295 K. The asymmetry parameter depends strongly on the temperature. These results are explained by a simple model assuming a nondegenerated orbital doublet as ground state of Fe²⁺.     

57Fe Mössbauer study of the Nurina–003 ordinary chondrite meteorite

Nurina–003 is a Group LL5/br Ordinary Chondrite meteorite which was recovered in the Nullarbor Desert (Australia) in 1986. The degree of weathering is classified as moderate to severe. We have characterised the Fe-bearing phases in Nurina–003 by ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopy over the temperature range 5–295 K. The spectra are dominated by Olivine and also contain Pyroxene, Troilite and a Ferric component that is (super)paramagnetic at 295 K. We clearly see the effects of the magnetic ordering of the Olivine phase in the 5 K spectrum.     

Hyperfine fields and Mössbauer isomer shifts of 57Fe in PdAgFe alloys

The hyperfine fields B_hf and Mössbauer isomer shifts S of ⁵⁷Fe in two PdAgFe alloy series containing 3 and 7 at% have been measured at 4.2 K and 295 K. With increasing Ag content, a change in the magnetic ordering from ferromagnetism towards a spin-glass behaviour is indicated in the 3 at% Fe series.     

Constricted hysteresis loops in Fe and Ni single crystals

Magnetic hysteresis loops reflect the variety of magnetic domain structures and have been considered to have normal rectangular or leaf-like shapes in standard ferromagnets such as Fe and Ni metals. We report on observations of constricted hysteresis loops in Fe and Ni single crystals with very low defect densities. The constricted loops were observed below T=150 K and in a medium temperature range from 150 to 430 K in Fe and Ni single crystals, respectively. These constricted loops disappear by weak plastic deformation for both single crystals. The origin of constricted hysteresis loops was explained by eddy current effects under less domain wall pinning due to dislocations.     

Spontaneous magnetoresistance anisotropy and deviations from matthiessen's rule induced by 5s,p impurities in Fe

We have measured the temperature dependent deviations from Matthiessen's Rule between 4.2 and 300 K and the spontaneous resistive anisotropy at 4.2 K in several dilute Fe Sn and Fe alloys.The observed T³ dependence in the DMR below 100 K provides strong support for the idea that the screening states in the vicinity of these impurities exhibit little spin dependence. Further, an expression for these DMR based on a two current model and valid over a wide temperature range provides a good fit to these data over the entire temperature range examined, and confirms values for various model parameters deduced from the low temperature data alone.The measured spontaneous resistive anisotropy at 4.2 K is in excellent agreement with the conclusions reached from the analyses of the temperature dependent resistivity.     

Temperature dependence of the spin torque effect in current-induced domain wall motion

We present an experimental study of domain wall motion induced by current pulses as well as by conventional magnetic fields at temperatures between 2 and 300 K in a 110 nm wide and 34 nm thick Ni80Fe20 ring. We observe that, in contrast with field-induced domain wall motion, which is a thermally activated process, the critical current density for current-induced domain wall motion increases with increasing temperature, which implies a reduction of the spin torque efficiency. The effect of Joule heating due to the current pulses is measured and taken into account to obtain critical fields and current densities at constant sample temperatures. This allows for a comparison of our results with theory.     

Moment compensation in NixRh1−x(Fe) from Moessbauer spectroscopy

The magnetic behaviour of very dilute ⁵⁷Fe(≈20 ppm) impurities in paramagnetic Ni_xRh_1?x (x = 0.42 and x = 0.55) alloys has been studied by Moessbauer spectroscopy in the temperature range between 11 and 0.05 K and in external fields up to 5.6 T. The magnetic moment associated with the Fe-impurity is determined via the dependence of the hyperfine magnetic field on applied magnetic field and temperature. Below 4.2 K deviations from a free spin behaviour are found. The saturation hyperfine field becomes dependent on the applied field, a behaviour which is typical for impurity spin compensation. This compensation decreases with Ni concentration.     

Thermoelectric power of Ir(Fe)

Thermoelectric power data between 4.2 and 300°K are presented for Ir containing 0.5 and 1 at.% Fe and for pure Ir. Peaks similar to those found in Pd(Ni) and Rh(Fe) occur in Ir(Fe) at the spin fluctuation temperature T_sf = 28°K, independent of solute concentration. Similarities and differences among the three alloy systems are discussed.     

Thermal spin-wave scattering in hot-electron magnetotransport across a spin valve

The role of thermal scattering in spin-dependent transport of hot electrons at 0.9 eV is studied using a spin-valve transistor with a soft Ni(80)Fe(20)/Au/Co base. Spin-dependent scattering makes the collected electron current depend sensitively on the magnetic state of the base. The magnetocurrent reaches 560% at 100 K, decays with increasing temperature, and a huge effect of 350% still remains at room temperature. The results demonstrate that thermal spin waves produce quasielastic spin-flip scattering of hot electrons, resulting in mixing of the two spin channels.     

Mössbauer effect study of Y(57FeMn)2

YMn₂ compound doped with⁵⁷Fe was investigated using⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer resonance in the temperature range 4.2–400 K. The magnetically split spectra were analyzed assuming two magnetically nonequivalent Fe sites with relative population dependent on iron concentration. In the transition temperature region a coexistence of the magnetic and nonmagnetic components was observed in the temperature span of about 50 K. A thermal hysteresis (of about 25 K) of the magnetic component confirms the first-order type magnetic transition. Temperature dependence of the hyperfine field of the magnetic component could be interpreted in terms of spin-fluctuation theory.