外源稀土La~(3+)对鄂尔多斯高原碱湖钝顶节旋藻生长及生理特性的影响

以鄂尔多斯高原碱湖的钝顶节旋藻(S1)为实验材料,采用生理与生物化学的方法测定了外源稀土元素La3+对S1生长的影响。结果表明:一定浓度的La3+对S1生长繁殖有明显的促进作用。在S1藻体细胞生长的初期La3+对其生长影响不明显;随着培养时间的延长,La3+对S1生长的影响逐渐显著(p<0.05);La3+浓度为38.53～53.94μmo.lL-1时S1的生长较快,其中La3+浓度为53.94μmol.L-1时对S1的生物量、叶绿素含量、胞内多糖和可溶性蛋白质含量促进作用最显著(p<0.01);La3+浓度高于53.94μmol.L-1时对S1的生长产生抑制作用。     

木麻黄质膜离子泵在酸雨条件下对镧的响应

研究镧对酸雨(pH为4.5)胁迫下木麻黄幼苗早期生长和质膜离子泵ATP酶活性的影响。结果表明:较低浓度La3+浸种能使幼苗株高、根长、鲜重以及质膜质子泵活性明显增强,在200mg·L-1La3+处理时达到最高增强值,而高浓度的La3+浸种使之表现出抑制效应;幼苗质膜钙泵的活性受La3+抑制。质子泵活性与细胞的伸长生长呈显著正相关关系,镧对质子泵的活化作用有助于促进植物的生长,且适量的镧具有缓解酸雨胁迫下生长的植物细胞质酸化,维持细胞内环境稳定的间接作用。为抗酸雨和促生长,木麻黄经镧浸种8h的最适宜La3+浓度为50～200mg·L-1。     

重金属铅胁迫下镧对螺旋藻生长及生理特性的影响

以鄂尔多斯高原碱湖钝顶螺旋藻为实验材料,在Pb(NO3)2(70 mg·L-1)胁迫下,采用生理学方法研究了不同浓度La(NO3)3对螺旋藻生长速率、叶绿素a含量、硝酸还原酶及谷氨酸脱氢酶活性的影响。结果表明:各处理组在培养初期生长速率差异不大(P0.05),6 d后添加La(NO3)3的各处理组螺旋藻的生长速率显著高于对照(P0.05);当La(NO3)3处理浓度为8μg·L-1时可显著促进螺旋藻叶绿素a的合成,有效缓解Pb(NO3)2对硝酸还原酶及谷氨酸脱氢酶活性的影响(P0.05),高浓度La(NO3)3则会与Pb(NO3)2协同、抑制螺旋藻的生长。     

La3+提高拟南芥耐旱能力研究

稀土元素有着广泛的生物学效应,稀土作为微肥在我国农业广泛使用.然而,稀土对植物抗旱性影响的研究很少.以模式植物拟南芥为材料,研究了不同浓度的镧(La3+)对植物根生长以及对植物耐旱能力的影响.结果表明,10和100 μmol ·L-1的La3能显著促进根生长,提高植物耐旱能力;1μmol·L-1La3+没有明显促进根生长,但显著提高了植物耐旱能力;1和10 mmol·L-1的La3+不能促进根生长,同时还降低了植物耐旱能力.该结果提示,稀土农用过程中要重视剂量的使用,同时避免带来生态环境问题.     

拟南芥抗镧突变体筛选条件的研究

以模式植物拟南芥为材料,采用组织培养的方法,以幼苗根的向地性弯曲生长为突变指标,对拟南芥抗La突变体筛选条件进行了研究。结果表明,1/2MS La培养基不能作为抗La突变体的筛选培养基,而以MS培养基预先培养幼苗,然后将其转入纯La培养基培养的筛选方法可以确定。以5.5作为选择培养基的初始和最终pH值,在1%琼脂浓度下,达到较好的凝固效果。纯La培养基中14 mg.kg-1La3 完全抑制了拟南芥幼苗根的生长,以此浓度为最适宜筛选压力。该项研究将为拟南芥抗稀土突变体的筛选提供技术依据。     

镧对肝细胞株7701的增殖和对蛋白质表达的影响

采用MTT法考察了La3 在2×10-4～4×10-7 mol·L-1浓度范围内对体外培养的人正常肝细胞株7701的生长和增殖的影响及其对浓度的依赖关系.结果表明,低浓度的La3 对细胞有明显的促增殖作用,而高浓度的La3 对细胞的生长表现抑制作用.为探讨促增殖的细胞是否正常,利用双向凝胶电泳技术,对La3 诱导增殖的细胞和对照组正常细胞进行蛋白质分离和分析,发现两组细胞蛋白质的表达存在着明显的差异,表示在稀土促进增殖下的细胞可能并非正常,并讨论了La3 促进细胞增殖的可能机制及其过程.     

基于细胞壁结构变化研究铈和镧影响大肠杆菌生长的机制

从细胞壁结构变化角度研究Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O和La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对大肠杆菌生长影响的机制。以Penicillin和Lysozyme对细菌细胞壁作用靶点为参照,比浊法表征细菌的生长,红外光谱法表征细菌细胞壁肽聚糖(3427和1654 cm~(-1))和β-1,4糖苷键(890 cm~(-1))结构,扫描电镜观察菌体形态。比浊法显示Penicillin和Lysozyme抑制了细菌的繁殖,Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O和La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O均可以逆转这一抑制作用,促进细菌繁殖;红外光谱显示Penicillin使大肠杆菌细胞壁相应位点透过率下降,La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O使其透过率增加;Lysozyme使相应位点透过率增加,La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O使其透过率下降或基本不变,表明La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O总是可以逆转Penicillin和Lysozyme对大肠杆菌细胞壁的破坏作用;Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对大肠杆菌细胞壁相应位点的红外光谱透过率影响复杂,没有表现出可逆转Penicillin和Lysozyme对细胞壁的破坏能力。La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O通过使细胞壁中相邻多糖链交联和保护β-1,4糖苷键来保护大肠杆菌细胞壁肽聚糖结构,促进细菌的生长,与前期研究La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对枯草芽孢杆菌的作用规律一致;Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O促进细菌生长的机制与La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O有所不同,具体原因还有待研究。     

基于细胞壁结构变化研究铈和镧影响大肠杆菌生长的机制EI北大核心CSCD

从细胞壁结构变化角度研究Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O和La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对大肠杆菌生长影响的机制。以Penicillin和Lysozyme对细菌细胞壁作用靶点为参照,比浊法表征细菌的生长,红外光谱法表征细菌细胞壁肽聚糖(3427和1654 cm^(-1))和β-1,4糖苷键(890 cm^(-1))结构,扫描电镜观察菌体形态。比浊法显示Penicillin和Lysozyme抑制了细菌的繁殖,Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O和La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O均可以逆转这一抑制作用,促进细菌繁殖;红外光谱显示Penicillin使大肠杆菌细胞壁相应位点透过率下降,La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O使其透过率增加;Lysozyme使相应位点透过率增加,La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O使其透过率下降或基本不变,表明La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O总是可以逆转Penicillin和Lysozyme对大肠杆菌细胞壁的破坏作用;Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对大肠杆菌细胞壁相应位点的红外光谱透过率影响复杂,没有表现出可逆转Penicillin和Lysozyme对细胞壁的破坏能力。La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O通过使细胞壁中相邻多糖链交联和保护β-1,4糖苷键来保护大肠杆菌细胞壁肽聚糖结构,促进细菌的生长,与前期研究La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O对枯草芽孢杆菌的作用规律一致;Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O促进细菌生长的机制与La(NO_3)_3·6H_2O有所不同,具体原因还有待研究。     

硝酸镧对长柄扁桃试管苗生根的影响

通过极差分析研究了不同浓度的硝酸镧和生长素组合对长柄扁桃试管苗生根的影响。结果表明:对长柄扁桃生根影响的主次因素为硝酸镧(La(NO3)3)>吲哚丁酸(IBA)>吲哚乙酸(IAA),最优组合为La(NO3)320 mg·L-1+IBA 0.2 mg·L-1+IAA 0.2 mg·L-1。在此条件下培养42 d后,长柄扁桃试管苗根的诱导频率达到89%,平均根长达到9.2 cm,每株根的平均个数为9.7个。对长柄扁桃的根组织活力进行测定,结果表明添加镧的处理组根系还原力是对照(不加镧)组的1.57倍。经过移栽驯化2个月后,长柄扁桃组培苗的移栽成活率达到94%,株高是对照的1.53倍。     

La0.8Sr0.2MnO3薄膜光生伏特效应的微结构起源

研究了外延La0.8Sr0.2MnO3薄膜的光生伏特效应。实验发现，当脉冲激光从基底一侧照射时，光生电压改变符号。电子衍射微结构分析表明，La0.8Sr0.2MnO3薄膜是外延生长的基底上的，样品显示出正交取向畴的形式。薄膜表面光生电压的分布研究表明，这种异常的光生伏特效应是由于薄膜中取向微结构畴的非对称性所致，当紫外激光照射薄膜时，在La0.8Sr0.2MnO3中感生出电子空穴时，而薄膜中非对称的微结构畴会产生内建电场，引导激发的非平衡载流子运动，最终诱导出光生电压。     

Iturin A Induces Resistance and Improves the Quality and Safety of Harvested Cherry Tomato

The soft rot disease caused by Rhizopus stolonifer is an important disease in cherry tomato fruit. In this study, the effect of iturin A on soft rot of cherry tomato and its influence on the storage quality of cherry tomato fruit were investigated. The results showed that 512 μg/mL of iturin A could effectively inhibit the incidence of soft rot of cherry tomato fruit. It was found that iturin A could induce the activity of resistance-related enzymes including phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), glucanase (GLU), and chitinase (CHI), and active oxygen-related enzymes including ascorbate peroxidases (APX), superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) of cherry tomato fruit. In addition, iturin A treatment could slow down the weight loss of cherry tomato and soften the fruit. These results indicated that iturin A could retard the decay and improve the quality of cherry tomato fruit by both the inhibition growth of R. stolonifera and the inducing the resistance.     

Evaluation of Anthocyanin Profile and Color in Sweet Cherry Wine: Effect of Sinapic Acid and Grape Tannins during Aging

Cherries are rich in bioactive phenolic compounds and are often fermented into cherry wines. The degradation of anthocyanins during storage will cause color deterioration. The study aimed to utilize sinapic acid and grape tannins in cherry wine to maintain a high fraction in the colored forms of anthocyanins, in order to maximize the color intensity, the latter being associated with good product quality. The effects on the anthocyanin profile and on color parameters of copigments, utilizing spectral measurement combined with UPLC-MS quantitative analysis, have been evaluated in sweet cherry wines. The copigmentation effect of sinapic acid and grape tannin was accompanied by the bathochromic shift and the hyperchromic effect, which lead to an increase in color intensity (lower L*, higher a* and b*). During the aging process, sinapic and grape tannin increased the content of pyranoanthocyanins in cherry wine, especially the addition of sinapic acid makes the cherry wine generate 10-syringyl-pyranocyanidin-3-rutinoside. These results demonstrate that sinapic acid is suitable for adding before alcohol fermentation, while grape tannins can be added before aging.     

Growth behavior of La @Si n (n=1-21) metal-encapsulated clusters

Density functional theory involving generalized gradient approximation correlation functional is used to investigate the cluster series La @Si n (n=1-21). We find that the growth process of La @Si n (n=1-21) could be divided into three stages: First, La atom adheres to other Si atoms in the size range of 1相似文献   

纳米二氧化钛粒子分散性能的研究

以四氯化钛为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法技术合成路线，获得了平均粒径为63nm的二氧化钛粉末。采用分散技术，不仅可以改善粒子的分散性能，而且对粒子的生长也起到一定的抑制作用。研究表明：(1)采用SDS作为分散剂时，其极性基团和非极性基团分别与水和纳米TiO2粒子相结合，从而阻隔了TiO2粒子的团聚，起到分散作用。(2)以稀土元素La作为分散剂，其独特的轨道结构，不仅扩大了能量吸收的范围，更重要的是它与TiO2形成的络合物，使其成为相对独立的小团体，而它本身很小的固溶度使其难于形成合金化组元，结果被释放出来，从而形成更小的纳米TiO2粒子，起到分散纳米TiO2粒子的作用，并同时抑制纳米TiO2粒子的生长。     

Preparation of Pt/K_2La_2Ti_3O_(10) and its photo-catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution from methanol water solution

1 Introduction Conventional energy resources, such as coal, petro-leum products, etc., which are fulfilling most of the world’s energy requirement have been depleted to a great extend. The human being is now facing exhaus-tion of fuel resources in a near…     

镧对软腐欧文氏菌生长及其胞外酶活性的影响

研究了镧对软腐细菌（Ｅｒｗｉｎｉａｃｈｒｙｓａｎｔｈｅｍｉ，Ｅｃｈ）生长及胞外酶活性的影响。结果表明，Ｌａ３＋浓度为５０、１００、１５０、２００、２５０、３００和３５０ｍｇ／Ｌ时，固体培养中对Ｅｃｈ生长均呈抑制作用，且随浓度提高，抑制作用加强，表现为菌落出现时间比对照延长，７ｄ后的菌落直径比对照减小。液体培养中，浓度＜２００ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｌａ在２４ｈ内对Ｅｃｈ生长有轻微刺激作用；但随着浓度提高和培养时间的延长，Ｅｃｈ生长明显受到抑制。当Ｌａ３＋浓度＞３５０ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｅｃｈ生长基本处于停止状态；浓度为２００ｍｇ／Ｌ，对Ｅｃｈ产生胞外酶能力有一定影响，其中对纤维素酶活性增强最明显，其次是蛋白酶，而对果胶酶活性有减弱作用。经稀土处理的无细胞滤液对马铃薯块茎组织的浸离力降低。     

火焰原子吸收法测定樱桃番茄中的微量元素

采用火焰原子吸收法对3个品种樱桃番茄中的钙、镁、钠、锰、铜、铁、锌7种元素的含量进行了测定,并比较了大宗番茄与樱桃番茄中以上元素的含量.结果表明,3种樱桃番茄中的7种元素含量均高于大宗番茄.其中红色樱桃番茄中上述元素含量最高（除锌外）.     

La(3+)-Catalyzed methanolysis of hydroxypropyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate as a model for the RNA transesterification reaction

The methanolysis of hydroxypropyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate (HPNPP, 1) promoted by La(OTf)(3) under buffered conditions was studied in methanol as a function of pH at 25 degrees C. (31)P NMR studies at -90 degrees C indicate that there are at least three La/1 complexes formed at pH approximately 5.3 of 1:1, 2:2, and 1:2 stoichiometry. Kinetic studies of the observed pseudo-first-order rate constants for the methanolysis of 1 as a function of [La(3+)] at 4.5 < pH < 10.5 indicate there are two general pH regimes. In the low pH regime between 4.5 and 7.6, the plots of k(obs) versus [La(3+)] exhibit saturation behavior with very strong 1:1 binding, with a plateau rate constant that depends on [OCH(3)(-)]. The catalytically productive species is shown to be a 2:2 complex of La(3+) and 1, where the phosphate is proposed to be doubly activated, thereby promoting the methoxide reaction by some 4.6 x 10(10)-fold. In the high pH regime from 7.9 to 10.5, 1:1, 2:2, and 2:1 La(3+)/1 complexes are formed with the La(3+) coordinated in the form of [La(3+)(OCH(3)(-))](1,2). Throughout this pH regime at high [La(3+)], a saturation complex, (La(3+)OCH(3)(-))(2)/1, is formed that spontaneously decomposes with a rate constant of (5-10) x 10(-)(3) s(-)(1), leading to an acceleration of 10(9)-fold at pH 8.0.     

Ce掺杂K_2La_2Ti_3O_(10)催化剂的可见光高效催化制氢的研究

采用高温固相法合成了铈掺杂的K2La2Ti3O10催化剂,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-visDRS)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对催化剂进行了表征.考察了催化剂的可见光催化分解甲醇水溶液制氢的活性,并对可见光催化机理进行了分析.研究表明,铈的掺杂没有改变K2La2Ti3O10的微晶结构,并使催化剂粒径有所减小.紫外可见漫反射分析表明禁带宽度为2.3eV左右,对可见光具有较高吸收.XPS表明La和Ti为+3和+4价,而Ce则是+3和+4的混合价态.担载2wt%Pt后,在可见光下光催化活性大大提高,当铈的掺杂量为0.5mol%(即Ce取代La的摩尔百分量)时,光催化活性达到最大,产氢速率为0.05mmol/h;光照5h后产氢量为0.22mmol,而纯K2La2Ti3O10的产氢量只有0.037mmol.     

Synthesis of N'-(1-pyridin-2-ylmethylene)-2-furohydrazide and its application in construction of a highly selective PVC-based membrane sensor for La(III) ions.

A highly La(III) ion-selective PVC membrane sensor based on N'-(1-pyridin-2-ylmethylene)-2-furohydrazide (NPYFH) as an excellent sensing material was successfully developed. The electrode shows a good selectivity for La(III) ion with respect to most common cations including alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. The proposed sensor exhibits a wide linear response with slope of 19.2 +/- 0.6 mV per decade over the concentration range of 1.0 x 10(-6) - 1.0 x 10(-1) M, and a detection limit of 7.0 x 10(-7) M of La(III) ions. The sensor response is independent of pH in the range of 3.5-10.0. The proposed electrode was applied as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of La(III) ion with EDTA.