一种宽频带超材料吸波体的设计及其特性

为了获得吸收率高、吸波带宽宽的超材料,设计了一种谐振超材料吸波体.该吸波体由多个开口圆环组成,采用商业软件CST Studio Suite 2009频域求解器计算了其在25~35 GHz波段内的S参量,并计算了其吸波率A(ω),在28.4 GHz处吸收率达到86%,带宽达到3.5 GHz.利用不同吸波频段的叠加效应,设计了一种谐振超材料吸波组合体,计算了在25~35 GHz波段的S参量,在29.7 GHz处吸波率达99.9%,吸波带宽达到3.1 GHz,吸收率明显增加.将GHz波段的结构缩小1 000倍,在THz波段同样可以达到高吸收,说明超材料吸波体可以通过对结构尺寸调节改变吸收波段.同时,对其阵列进行仿真计算,发现不同的排列方式仿真结果不同.由于各个谐振环之间的相互作用对吸收效果影响较大,吸收率减小.该吸波材料由金属组成,能灵活地对介电常量和磁导率进行调节,从而实现高吸收.     

基于树枝结构单元的超材料宽带微波吸收器

本文设计并制作了一种基于树枝结构单元的超材料宽带微波吸收器.该超材料吸收器采用夹层结构,由按六边形密集排布的金属树枝阵列、双层介质基板和金属薄膜组成.通过调节树枝单元的几何参数和金属树枝阵列的排布方式,可以出现三个吸收峰,实现三频工作.通过调节三个吸收峰工作的频率形成宽频吸收,采用夹层结构提高吸收效率,从而对垂直入射到超材料表面的微波实现高吸收.实验表明吸收器的反射曲线从9.79 GHz到11.72 GHz出现了反射率小于10%的较宽吸收带,透射曲线恒等于0,吸收率大于90%的带宽为1.93 GHz.这种 关键词： 树枝状结构 夹层结构 吸收效率 吸收带宽     

宽带透射吸收极化无关超材料吸波体

提出了一种新的基于磁性吸波体材料的具有低频透射和高频宽带吸收特性的超材料吸波体.该超材料吸波体在1 GHz的透射系数为-0.5 dB,具有较好的低频透射特性,可以实现对低频信号的相互通信;在频率大于8.4 GHz的频段,吸收率均大于80%,基本覆盖整个X波段和Ku波段,实现高频宽带吸收.此外,由于该超材料吸波体的单元金属周期结构具有较好的四重旋转对称性,因而是极化无关的.该透射吸收超材料吸波体设计简单,实用性强,具有较强的潜在应用价值.     

基于阻抗匹配条件的树枝状超材料吸收器

基于树枝状金属结构单元的电磁谐振特性,设计了一种双面大小树枝状结构的超材料吸收器,该结构分别是正面二级树枝及正对的背面三级树枝.通过仿真模拟设计了不同的阻抗匹配方式,调节相应的结构参数,找到了阻抗匹配对吸收特性的影响.在最佳的阻抗匹配条件下,得到最大吸收率.实验测量表明,阻抗匹配条件下双面大小树枝模型可以实现90.01%吸收率.增加样品层数可以有效的增加吸收率,3层样品就可以达到99%以上的吸收率,实现工程意义的完美吸收.     

An ultra-thin dual-band wide-angle polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber with near-unity absorbance

In this paper, a dual-band metamaterial absorber (MMA) with wide-angle and polarization-insensitivity is proposed. The MMA consists of two copper layers with a layer of FR-4 between them. And its top layer consists of a cross-shaped resonator and a square ring resonator. The calculation result demonstrates that there are two distinct absorption peaks, whose absorptivity are 99.933% at 3.8441 GHz and 99.99% at 9.1094 GHz. And its thickness is only 1.34% of the wavelength of the lowest absorption frequency. The dual-band MMA shows polarization-insensitivity for normal incident wave and shows high absorptivity in a wide incident angle for both TE and TM polarization wave. In addition, we discuss the working mechanism. The influences of main parameters on the dual-band MMA's absorption are also analyzed. The proposed ultra-thin MMA has simple structure and high absorptivity, which has many potential applications, such as thermal radiometer, detection sensor, stealth technology.     

Ultra-thin broadband metamaterial absorber

The design, fabrication, and measurements of a broadband metamaterial absorber are reported. The proposed metamaterial absorber consists of circular metallic patches and a metallic ground plane separated by a dielectric layer. Increasing the number of metallic patches can broaden the frequency range when their resonances are closely packed together, thereby resulting in a broadband resonance. Experimental results show that the proposed absorber has high absorptivity, with a full width at half maximum absorption bandwidth of 2.8 GHz and the relative FWHM absorption bandwidth of 25.3?%. In addition, the absorber can operate at a wide range of incident angles under both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations.     

极薄宽角度平面超材料吸波体仿真与实验验证

仿真和实验验证了厚度极薄的平面结构超材料吸波体, 该吸波体采用加载交指电容的耶路撒冷十字结构, 通过增加单元间的耦合电容显著降低了其工作频率. 测试结果表明, 该超材料吸波体在1.58 GHz, 吸收率峰值为88.48%, 其厚度为2 mm, 约为1/95工作波长, 吸波体的单元尺寸为11 mm, 约为1/17工作波长. 此外, 通过金属通孔将耶路撒冷十字结构与金属底板相连接, 使其对斜入射横电和横磁极化电磁波具有宽角度吸收特性, 在60°时依然具有较高的吸收率, 且吸收峰频率几乎不发生偏移, 从而使其更具实用价值. 关键词： 极薄 宽角度 超材料吸波体     

Perfect metamaterial absorber based on a split-ring-cross resonator

In this paper, we present a polarization-insensitive metamaterial (MM) absorber which is composed of the dielectric substrate sandwiched with split-ring-cross resonator (SRCR) and continuous metal film. The MM absorber is not limited by the quarter-wavelength thickness and can achieve near-unity absorbance by properly assembling the sandwiched structure. Microwave experiments demonstrate the maximum absorptivity to be about 99% around 10.91 GHz for incident wave with different polarizations. The surface currents distributions of the resonance structure are discussed to look into the resonance mechanism. Importantly, our absorber is only 0.4 mm thick, and numerical simulations confirm that the MM absorber could achieve very high absorptivity at wide angles of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) wave and transverse magnetic (TM) wave. The sandwiched structure is also suitable for designing of a THz and even higher frequency MM absorber, and simulations demonstrate the absorption of 99% at 1.105 THz.     

树叶状红外频段完美吸收器的仿真设计

设计了一种由树叶状金属薄膜-介质层-金属薄膜构成的低剖面完美吸收器模型. 通过对金属介电性能采用Drude定理,仿真发现调节结构参数可在红外通讯频段几乎达到完美吸收 (吸收率为99.5%),并且在某些特定的结构参数下可以同时实现双频段的完美吸收 (其吸收率分别达到99.67%和97.13%),这在某种意义上展宽了吸收频带, 对红外吸收器的设计与应用极为有利.最后探索了叶颈宽度变化对双频吸收峰位置的影响, 以便对双峰吸收进行调频操作.这种红外频段的超材料吸收器具有结构简单、吸收效率极高、工作频段宽等优点.     

Broadband,polarization-insensitive,and wide-angle microwave absorber based on resistive film

A simple design of broadband metamaterial absorber(MA) based on resistive film is numerically presented in this paper.The unit cell of this absorber is composed of crossed rectangular rings-shaped resistive film,dielectric substrate,and continuous metal film.The simulated results indicate that the absorber obtains a 12.82-GHz-wide absorption from about 4.75 GHz to 17.57 GHz with absorptivity over 90% at normal incidence.Distribution of surface power loss density is illustrated to understand the intrinsic absorption mechanism of the structure.The proposed structure can work at wide polarization angles and wide angles of incidence for both transverse electric(TE) and transverse magnetic(TM) waves.Finally,the multi-reflection interference theory is involved to analyze and explain the broadband absorption mechanism at both normal and oblique incidence.Moreover,the polarization-insensitive feature is also investigated by using the interference model.It is seen that the simulated and calculated absorption rates agree fairly well with each other for the absorber.     

宽带超薄完美吸波体设计及在圆极化倾斜波束天线雷达散射截面缩减中的应用研究

为了缩减天线带内雷达散射截面(radar cross section, RCS), 在双频带完美吸波材料的基础上, 通过缩小两吸波率峰值之间的距离, 设计出了一种频带较宽的超薄完美吸波体.该吸波体由两层金属及其中间的有耗介质组成, 底面金属不刻蚀, 顶面由方形贴片和绕其四周的开口方环组成, 该结构具有低频点LC谐振和高频点偶极子谐振的特征.仿真和实验结果表明: 该吸波体具有极化不敏感和宽入射角的特征, 其在厚度小于0.01λ的条件下, 具有8.2%的半波功率相对带宽, 最大吸波率的峰值为91.6%和96.5%. 将吸波体用于圆极化的倾斜波束 (tilted beam, TB)天线, 仿真和测试结果表明: 该天线在保持增益不变的条件下, 不仅轴比得到改善, 有效带宽得到拓展, 且在5.5–6.5 GHz范围内TB天线的RCS缩减至少在3 dBsm以上, 在谐振频点处最大缩减幅度分别为11 dBsm和8 dBsm; 在两谐振点处鼻锥方向-36°–+36°范围内, TB天线的RCS缩减均有明显效果. 关键词： 超薄完美吸波体 TB天线 雷达散射截面 圆极化     

Numerical study of metamaterial absorber and extending absorbance bandwidth based on multi-square patches

A simple design of metamaterial absorber (MA) was proposed based on a periodic array of metal patch at microwave frequencies. Our design could exhibit absorption of 99.9% confirmed by numerical simulation. Such high narrowband absorption which mainly based on strong electric and magnetic resonances overlapping in a certain frequency range and perfect impedance-matched (z = 1) to the free space. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the MA could achieve very high absorptivity at wide angles of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) wave and transverse magnetic (TM) wave. The absorption band of our device is effectively extended by patterning multi-square patches of different dimension elements with appropriate geometrical parameters in a co-planar. Finally, the composite MA is only 0.4 mm thick, with a maximum absorption of 99.8% at 15.8 GHz, and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of 2 GHz by numerical simulation, which may have potential applications in the detection of explosives and stealth.     

Single-/dual-band metamaterial absorber based on cross-circular-loop resonator with shorted stubs

A single-/dual-band metamaterial absorber (MMA) based on cross-circular-loop resonator (CCLR) with shorted stubs is discussed at microwave frequencies in this paper. The single-/dual-band characteristics are realized by adjusting the positions of the shorted stubs. We briefly analyze the equivalent circuit model of the MMA unit cell and then numerically and experimentally investigate the near-perfect absorptions in such two conditions (single- and dual-band). The results indicate that the proposed MMA exhibits near-perfect impedance matching with free space and high absorptivity of 99.74?% at 8.65?GHz for single-band condition, and absorptivities of 99.75?% and 97.35?% at 8.525 and 9.1?GHz, respectively, for dual-band condition. It also exhibits a wide range of angles of incidence for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) radiation. The two operating frequency bands, in dual-band condition, can be further controlled by adjusting the positions of shorted stubs or adding other shorted stubs. So it opens the way to fabricate controllable MMAs, and so controllable perfectly matched layers and bolometers.     

Multi-band microwave metamaterial absorber based on coplanar Jerusalem crosses

The influence of the gap on the absorption performance of the conventional split ring resonator(SRR) absorber is investigated at microwave frequencies. Our simulated results reveal that the geometry of the square SRR can be equivalent to a Jerusalem cross(JC) resonator and its corresponding metamaterial absorber(MA) is changed to a JC absorber. The JC MA exhibits an experimental absorption peak of 99.1% at 8.72 GHz, which shows an excellent agreement with our simulated results. By simply assembling several JCs with slightly different geometric parameters next to each other into a unit cell, a perfect multi-band absorption can be effectively obtained. The experimental results show that the MA has four distinct and strong absorption peaks at 8.32 GHz, 9.8 GHz, 11.52 GHz and 13.24 GHz. Finally, the multi-reflection interference theory is introduced to interpret the absorption mechanism.     

Ultra-broadband metamaterial absorber for infrared transparency window of the atmosphere

The broadband absorber at the wavelength range from 8 to 13 μm has attracted much attention because this range is exactly the infrared transparency window of the atmosphere. In this Letter, we propose a new structure of ultra-broadband absorber, which is composed of a periodic array of single-sized titanium (Ti) patches and a sandwich (Ti/SiO₂/Ti) plane. In the infrared transparency window of the atmosphere, the structure proposed can achieve nearly perfect absorption with the maximal absorptivity up to 99% for the wavelength range from 9.77 to 10.69 μm, and a high average absorptivity of 96.7% from 8 to 13 μm. The strongly localized electric field, at the interface of the top thin Ti film and the dielectric spacer of sandwich plane, leads to the ultra-broadband high absorption. In addition, this structure demonstrates the insensitivity of polarization and oblique angle. This metamaterial absorber with high performances in both bandwidth and absorptivity shows a promising prospect in applications such as thermal emitters, thermal coolers, and infrared sensors.     

基于电磁谐振的极化无关透射吸收超材料吸波体

仿真并实验验证了基于电磁谐振的极化无关透射吸收超材料吸波体, 该吸波体可以实现低频透射和高频吸收.实验测试结果表明, 该吸波体在6.77 GHz 吸收率峰值为83.6%, 半功率带宽为4.3%, 实现窄带强吸收.为进一步拓展该谐振型超材料吸波体的吸收带宽, 利用其低频透射特性, 将两个工作于不同频段的吸波体叠加在一起, 测试结果表明, 复合后超材料吸波体的半功率带宽可以增大到10.9%, 吸收率也略有增强. 该超材料吸波体设计简单, 具有较强的实用性和应用前景. 关键词： 极化无关 透射吸收 超材料吸波体     

Optical metamaterial absorber based on leaf-shaped cells

We present the model of an infrared metamaterial absorber composed of metallic leaf-shaped cells, dielectric substrate, and continuous metallic film. Numerical simulation confirms an absorptivity of 99.3% at the infrared frequency of 126.7 THz with this metamaterial model. The proposed metamaterial absorber could be fabricated with an electrochemical deposition technique. Our simulated results show the absorption feature of this metamaterial absorber could be well manipulated with different incident angles and radiation modes. The optical metamaterial absorber proposed in this paper has potential applications such as infrared imaging devices, thermal bolometers, wavelength-selective radiators, and optical bistable switches.     

基于电磁谐振分离的宽带低雷达截面超材料吸波体

基于超材料的电磁谐振特性, 设计、制作了一种极化无关的宽带低雷达散射截面 (radar cross section, RCS)超材料吸波体. 通过场分布和反演法分析了其吸波机理, 利用波导法和空间波法测试了其吸波率和RCS特性. 理论分析表明: 在平面波的作用下, 该吸波体对某一吸波频率在不同的位置分别提供电谐振和磁谐振, 对不同的吸波频率, 利用不同的介质层提供主要的能量损耗, 从而有效减弱了电磁耦合, 保证了宽频带的强吸收特性. 实验结果表明: 设计的三层结构吸波体吸波率达90%以上的带宽是单层结构的4.25倍, RCS减缩10 dB以上的带宽为5.1%, 其单元尺寸为0.17λ, 厚度仅为0.015λ. 该吸波体的低RCS特性还具有极化无关、宽入射角的特点, 且通过改变吸波体的夹层结构可以实现工作带宽的灵活调节. 关键词： 超材料吸波体 雷达散射截面 宽带 电磁谐振     

Extremely-broad band metamaterial absorber for solar energy harvesting based on star shaped resonator

A new metamaterial absorber (MA) is investigated and shown numerically for solar energy harvesting for future solar cell applications. The structure consists of two metals and one dielectric layer having different thicknesses. Owing to this combination, the structure exhibits plasmonic resonance characteristics. In the entire spectrum of visible frequency region, the obtained results show that investigated structure has perfect absorptivity which is above 91.8%. Proposed structure also has 99.87% absorption at 613.94 THz and 99% absorption between 548 and 669 THz. The proposed structure also shows both polarization and angle independency for the entire visible region. The MA based solar cell proposes high absorption with an upper ratio of 90% in the widest range of visible spectrum comparing to the studies in literature. Hence, the proposed metamaterial absorber solar cells can be used for invisibility in entire spectrum of visible light. The absorption characteristics of the solar absorber are also investigated for infrared and ultraviolet region. The enhancement of absorption of the structure will provide new type of sensors in these frequency ranges.     

一种基于金属开口谐振环和杆阵列的左手材料宽带吸收器

用数值仿真在微波X波段研究了金属开口谐振环和杆阵列这一最基本的谐振结构.通过合理的参数调节,这种结构在10.91GHz附近可以表现出高达98%的吸收率,并且半高峰宽达到3.5GHz.用散射参量提取法计算其有效电磁参数,发现在谐振频率附近其介电常数、磁导率和折射率的实部均为负值.相比于传统的左手材料,这种结构的电磁参数在谐振区域均具有较大的虚部,是形成高吸收率的根本原因.本文的左手材料吸收器在电磁加热、电磁隐身等领域具有许多潜在的应用.