干涉式光纤陀螺光路系统的物理模型

光路系统的偏振误差极大地制约着光纤陀螺精度的提高。利用相干矩阵和琼斯矩阵对光纤陀螺中光学器件和熔接点的光学参数进行描述,建立了干涉式光纤陀螺光路系统的物理模型。与之前相关文献报道相比,该模型所表达的光路系统更加接近于工程实际。在此基础上,提出一种分析光学器件和熔接点缺陷,以及光路损耗对光纤陀螺偏振误差影响的新方法。该方法可以有效地分析光路系统缺陷对零偏和标度因数的影响,在工程上可作为评价干涉式光纤陀螺光路系统性能的一个途径。     

对轴误差对光纤陀螺输出的影响

理论分析并试验研究了Y波导保偏尾纤与保偏光纤线圈之间熔接点的对轴误差对光纤陀螺输出的影响.根据简化的光纤陀螺光路误差模型,对光纤陀螺的输出相位误差与光路中主要耦合点的对轴误差的关系进行了理论推导和仿真分析,并利用一个实际的闭环光纤陀螺试验研究了主要熔接点的对轴误差变化对光纤陀螺零偏和零偏稳定性的影响.结果表明,Y波导保偏尾纤与保偏光纤线圈之间的对轴误差是引起光纤陀螺输出误差的重要因素,必须尽量减小.     

单光纤光纤陀螺的原理及应用前景

单光纤光纤陀螺是全光纤光纤陀螺的一种,它具有低成本、高可靠性、易于工程化的优点。它是应用在线制作技术,在一根光纤上制作光器件,形成无焊接点的光路。在线技术包括光纤环缠绕技术、耦合器制作技术、偏振器制作技术、发光模块制作和光接收模块制作技术等。详细地介绍了其原理、关键技术及生产工艺,并提出了提高其性能的措施。在分析不同型号单光纤光纤陀螺性能的基础上展望了其应用前景。随着单光纤光纤陀螺生产工艺的改进和信号处理技术的提高,将会进一步提高其性能、降低成本,促进光纤陀螺的普及和应用。     

解相关自适应滤波在光纤陀螺信号处理中的应用

在分析光纤陀螺噪声特性的基础上,研究了减少光纤陀螺信号随机漂移的方法,采用解相关变步长LMS算法,对光纤陀螺信号进行滤波,并同LMS滤波算法进行了比较,这种算法具有更快的收敛速度。实验结果表明,解相关变步长LMS算法对于抑制光纤陀螺中的随机漂移、提高信噪比具有良好的效果。     

光纤陀螺随机漂移测试及分析

要实现光纤陀螺在高精度惯性导航领域的应用,抑制随机漂移是需解决的一个重要问题。光纤陀螺的随机漂移包含不同分量,分析不同的分量的特性及其产生的根源,是进行补偿的前提。设计了光纤陀螺数据采集系统,采集了光纤陀螺静态数据。应用Allan方差法,求出了光纤陀螺随机漂移中的噪声分量,并分析了各项噪声来源、特性,指出了抑制噪声方法。     

硅基微光学谐振式陀螺瑞利背向散射噪声分析

阐述了硅基微光学陀螺(MORG)结构中瑞利背向散射噪声的产生机理,并创建了硅基微光学陀螺光路的静态与动态理论模型,公式化地描述了硅基二氧化硅谐振腔中的该噪声特性,并通过软件算法仿真综合分析了硅基微光学谐振式陀螺中瑞利背向散射噪声与主信号强度之间的关系,以及其与反向光信号的干涉信号对主信号的影响.分析了瑞利背向散射噪声信号对谐振腔性能的影响,定量分析了此噪声对谐振腔清晰度、陀螺极限灵敏度的影响.提出了抑制系统中该噪声的方案,并搭建实验装置,利用提出的解决方案对系统进行了优化,实验验证了理论分析的结果.     

光纤激光陀螺系统的优化设计

分析研究了光纤激光陀螺系统的工作原理和基本构成,根据系统中各器件的性能指标对光纤激光陀螺的基本结构、性能参数进行了计算机模拟优化设计。采用双向激射双向输出结构保证光路的互易性。利用光纤环形器、掺铒光纤和光纤Bragg光栅实现滤模、选模和压缩线宽功能。针对其输出信号特点,提出利用偏振分束的方式判断陀螺工作转动方向,并最终计算陀螺转动角速度的信号处理方案。     

干涉式光纤陀螺光路偏振特性的理论分析

首次采用琼斯矩阵建立了消偏型干涉式光纤陀螺完整光路传输系统的数学模型。在此基础上进行了光路偏振特性的理论分析,讨论了各器件的性能对陀螺偏振噪声的影响,分析了光纤消偏器的消偏作用。通过分析计算,得到了消偏型干涉式光纤陀螺的最大偏振误差表达式。在不同精度级别的消偏型光纤陀螺中,计算出了光纤消偏器应该达到的精度要求,为今后减小零漂打下了理论基础。     

偏振串扰对光纤陀螺零漂及随机游走影响的研究

针对保偏光纤陀螺静态参数受光路偏振串扰误差的影响而使陀螺精度受到制约的问题,从实际应用的角度,研究了保偏光纤陀螺光路中由于各光学器件不理想和熔接点对轴角度误差等因素引起偏振串扰误差的机制。基于琼斯矩阵和相干矩阵,并引入随温度变化的保偏光纤双折射变量,建立了变温环境下保偏光纤陀螺的光路传输模型,对变温环境下偏振串扰误差对保偏光纤陀螺零漂和随机游走的影响进行了理论分析和估算。同时开展了变温环境下光纤环偏振串扰对其静态参数影响的相关实验。实验结果与模型分析结果基本一致,表明该模型是合理的。     

谐振式光纤陀螺背向散射噪声抑制研究

背向散射噪声是谐振式光纤陀螺的主要噪声之一。基于载波抑制法降低背向散射噪声的原理,建立了温度和电压对陀螺零偏影响的数学模型,理论证明此方法受温度影响较大且对电路要求较高。提出了三频差动谐振式光纤陀螺新方案,该方案通过谐振腔内运行三束频率间隔较大的光波来抑制背向散射噪声。与传统二频闭环陀螺进行了对比试验,结果表明:新方案能有效地降低陀螺噪声,最大陀螺零偏和零偏稳定性改善约4倍。     

Research on time division multiplexing modulation approach applied in three-axis digital closed-loop fiber optic gyroscope

In this paper, the structure and the fundamental principle of a three-axis Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) fiber optic gyroscope system are presented. The design of TDM fiber-optic gyroscope system is mathematically analyzed. An effective modulation approach is developed, the bias stability compared with that of a normal fiber-optic gyroscope is theoretically given and the system dynamic character is presented. In order to test the correctness of the approach, the dynamic simplified model is introduced and the simulation is conducted. The experimental result matches the simulation, indicating that the TDM modulation approach is feasible.     

谐振式光纤陀螺偏振噪声分析

谐振式光纤陀螺（R～FOG）是第二代光纤陀螺,其性能受各种噪声因素的影响。为提高谐振式光纤陀螺的性能,对谐振式光纤陀螺的瑞利背向散射、克尔效应、磁光法拉第效应和偏振态耦合等各种噪声进行了分析,并提出了对偏振态耦合噪声的解决方法。在此基础上,得到保偏光纤环旋转90°对接的谐振腔优化结构。该结构可以有效减小谐振腔的偏振噪声和磁光法拉第噪声,且可改善陀螺系统的温度特性。     

动态Allan方差的理论改进及其应用研究

动态Allan方差(DAVAR)法是一种分析非平稳性信号的有效工具,但在辨识噪声时存在功率泄漏和定量表示单一的缺陷.为此,提出窗函数组合法和噪声量值的二维表示法对其加以改进,用于分析和定量描述光纤陀螺动态误差中的各种噪声项.窗函数组合法在光纤陀螺动态误差分解的基础上采用矩形窗和汉宁窗分别对其中的中低频噪声和高频噪声进行...     

Performance comparison of slow‐light coupled‐resonator optical gyroscopes

We investigate the connection between group velocity and rotation sensitivity in a number of resonant gyroscope designs. Two key comparisons are made. First, we compare two conventional sensors, namely a resonant fiber optic gyroscope (RFOG) and an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (FOG). Second, we compare the RFOG to several recently proposed coupled‐resonator optical waveguide (CROW) gyroscopes. We show that the relationship between loss and maximum rotation sensitivity is the same for both conventional and CROW gyroscopes. Thus, coupling multiple resonators together cannot enhance rotation sensitivity. While CROW gyroscopes offer the potential for large group indices, this increase of group index does not provide a corresponding increase in the maximum sensitivity to rotation. For a given footprint and a given total loss, the highest sensitivity is shown to be achieved either in a conventional RFOG utilizing a single resonator, or a conventional FOG.     

Recent developments of optical fiber sensors for automotive use

Optical fiber sensing technologies are expected to apply for many future electronic control systems in automobiles, because of their inherent outstanding features, such as high noise immunity, high heat resistance, and flexible light propagation paths which can be applied to measure the movements and directions of the mobiles. In this paper, two typical applications of fiber sensing technologies in automobiles are described in detail. The combustion flame detector is one of the typical applications of a fiber spectroscopic technology which utilizes the feature of high noise and heat resistibility and remote sensibility. Measurement of engine combustion conditions, such as the detonation, the combustion initiation, and the air-fuel ratio, have been demonstrated in an experimental fiber sensing method. Fiber interferometers, such as a fiber gyroscope, have great possibilities in future mobile applications because they are applicable to many kinds of measurements for movements and physical variables. An optical fiber gyroscope utilizing the single polarized optical fiber and other optical devices has been developed. Quite an accurate measurement of vehicle position was displayed on a prototype navigation system which installed the fiber gyroscope as a rotational speed sensor.     

Recent developments of optical fiber sensors for automotive use

Optical fiber sensing technologies are expected to apply for many future electronic control systems in automobiles, because of their inherent outstanding features, such as high noise immunity, high heat resistance, and flexible light propagation paths which can be applied to measure the movements and directions of the mobiles. In this paper, two typical applications of fiber sensing technologies in automobiles are described in detail. The combustion flame detector is one of the typical applications of a fiber spectroscopic technology which utilizes the feature of high noise and heat resistibility and remote sensibility. Measurement of engine combustion conditions, such as the detonation, the combustion initiation, and the air-fuel ratio, have been demonstrated in an experimental fiber sensing method. Fiber interferometers, such as a fiber gyroscope, have great possibilities in future mobile applications because they are applicable to many kinds of measurements for movements and physical variables. An optical fiber gyroscope utilizing the single polarized optical fiber and other optical devices has been developed. Quite an accurate measurement of vehicle position was displayed on a prototype navigation system which installed the fiber gyroscope as a rotational speed sensor.     

Noise analysis of solid-core polarization-maintaining photonic interferometer fiber optic gyroscope

We report the prediction of the random walk coefficient of a solid-core single-mode polarization-maintaining photonic interferometer fiber optic gyroscope, a novel sensor that exhibits reduced thermal sensitivity owing to the stable temperature coefficient use of a photonic fiber. The random walk coefficient of the photonic interferometer fiber optic gyroscope is limited by detector thermal noise for detected powers under 1 μW and excess noise above 1 μW. Above this power level, the random walk coefficient is found to be independent of detected power and asymptotically to be 0.0029°/ \(\sqrt h \). This result is verified by the experiment.     

光纤陀螺技术发展及军需分析

介绍光纤陀螺技术的发展和应用情况,分析武器系统对光纤陀螺的需求。     

速率光纤陀螺寻北仪倾斜补偿算法研究

针对速率光纤陀螺寻北仪,提出了一种倾斜补偿算法.通过采用积分滑动和最小二乘拟合滤波技术,对光纤陀螺和加速度计原始测量信号进行数据处理.试验数据表明,采用本算法解决了由倾斜角存在影响其寻北准确度的关键技术问题.同时给出了提高光纤陀螺寻北仪的准确度的可能因素.