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大气气溶胶粒子数密度谱和折射率虚部的测量 总被引:22,自引:4,他引:18
介绍一种综合利用光学粒子计数器和能见度仪测量大气气溶胶折射率虚部的新方法。首先,使用光学粒子计数器测量出大气气溶胶粒子的数密度谱(待订正),用能见度仪同步测量出水平能见度。然后,根据球形粒子的米氏(Mie)散射理论,通过分析气溶胶粒子的折射率虚部、分档半径、粒子数密度谱、消光系数和能见度之间的关系,对分档半径进行订正,得到折射率虚部和能见度之间的对应关系。结合同步测量的能见度,反演出大气气溶胶粒子的折射率虚部。最后,利用折射率虚部对光学粒子计数器数据进行订正,得到大气气溶胶粒子的数密度谱。 相似文献
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球形粒子相对折射率对散射光场强度最大峰值分布的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据Mie散射理论,采用理论计算与实验对比的方法研究了球形粒子相对折射率对散射光场强度最大峰值分布的影响.发现,光强度的最大峰值所对应的散射角,随相对折射率实部的变化而变化(除散射角0°和180°),但并不随相对折射率虚部的变化而变化,也不随尺度参数的变化而变化. 相似文献
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光学粒子计数器测量结果的订正 总被引:20,自引:1,他引:19
本文根据球形粒子的米(Mie)散射原理计算了光学粒子计数器的散射相函数和仪器响应曲线。根据被测粒子的折射率对测量结果做出订正。在研究大气气溶胶粒子尺寸谱变化规律时,这种订正是很重要的。文中举例说明了实际订正方法。 相似文献
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根据Mie散射理论,给出了金属粒子的散射、消光和吸收截面以及散射场强度的计算公式,并数值计算了在λ=r=1μm时,金属Au粒子在五种不同的基质中的散射截面和散射光强,结果表明基质折射率越大散射特性越强。 相似文献
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The performance of a narrow-angle and a wide-angle, forward scattering laser aerosol spectrometer has been studied as a function of particle size and refractive index. The results have been compared with theoretical calculations based on light scattering theory. The results indicate that for the narrow-angle instrument, the scattered-light intensity is not a monotonic function of particle size for transparent particles (a monotonic relationship is required for unambiguous particle size measurement) above 0.7 μm. The instrument is therefore limited in its useful range to size distribution measurement between 0.2 μm – its lower particle size limit – and 0.7 μm for transparent particles. In the case of the wide-angle instrument, the instrument output is a monotonic function of particle size for transparent particles, but the output is severely attenuated for light absorbing particles above 0.3 μm. The instrument, therefore, cannot be used for accurate size measurements above 0.3 μm for light absorbing particles. 相似文献
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激光尘埃粒子计数器微型光学传感器的研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
研制成功便携式激光尘埃粒子计数器的核心部件———微型光学传感器。该传感器采用直角散射光收集形式,以高功率半导体激光器作为光源,同时采用高性能的PIN型光电二极管作为光电探测器。散射光收集系统为单一大数值孔径的球面反射镜,其对粒子散射光的收集角范围从20°到160°。粒子散射光信号是脉冲信号,其频谱成份主要在高频段,所以在PIN型光电二极管后用一个带通式前置放大器来消除外界的低频噪声,根据米氏散射理论计算了该光学传感器的光散射响应特性,并用聚苯乙烯标准粒子实测了该光学传感器的性能。结果表明,该系统具有高的信噪比、计数效率和尺寸分辨本领。 相似文献
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A state-of-the-art mid-infrared prism coupler was used to study suspected anisotropy in the refractive index of forward-looking-infrared grade chemical vapor deposited (CVD) zinc sulfide. Samples were prepared with columnar grain structure in and perpendicular to the sample plane, as well as from different depths in the CVD growth body. This study was motivated by the growing industry concern among optical design engineers, as well as developers of mid-infrared systems, over the reliability of historically accepted index data. Prior photoluminescence and x-ray diffraction measurements have suggested that refractive index may vary according to sample orientation with respect to the grain structure. Measurements were conducted to provide optical dispersion and thermal index (dn/dT) data at discrete laser wavelengths between 0.633 and 10.591 μm at two temperature set points (30 °C and 90 °C). Refractive index measurements between samples exhibited an average standard deviation comparable to the uncertainty of the prism coupler measurement (0.0004 refractive index units), suggesting that the variation in refractive index as a function of sample orientation and CVD deposition time is negligible and should have no impact on subsequent optical designs. Measured dispersion data at mid-infrared wavelengths were also found to agree well with prior published measurements. 相似文献
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掠入射泵浦方式作为一种全新的X射线激光泵浦方式,采用了共轴抛物镜作为线聚焦器件。利用2维光路追踪程序,计算了高斯光束从5°掠入射角增加到7°时入射到共轴抛物镜上的线聚焦效果。研究发现,掠入射角从5°增加到7°过程中,线聚焦的尺寸随着掠入射角变大,线聚焦长度从6 mm逐渐变长到12 mm,线聚焦宽度从150 μm变到40 μm;掠入射角6.5°~7°可以实现符合实验要求的线聚焦效果,线聚焦尺寸约10 mm×20 μm(最小线聚焦宽度),7°掠入射可以实现较好的线聚焦,基本满足实验的要求。 相似文献