未反应炸药冲击绝热线的近似计算

 综合考虑了炸药作为一类多组分和疏松材料的特点,在已知炸药各组分冲击绝热参数的条件下,利用叠加原理和疏松材料冲击绝热线的计算方法,对未反应炸药的冲击绝热线进行了计算。计算结果与实验数据符合较好。     

多孔材料冲击绝热线的近似计算

 本文通过对不同初始温度下密实材料的冲击绝热线进行简单的假定，并利用常压下材料的热膨胀方程，导出了多孔材料在中高压力段的冲击绝热线和等熵卸载线方程。与多孔铝、铁、铜的冲击压缩实验数据比较，证实该方程有较好的计算精度。     

泡沫态硅橡胶冲击绝热线的近似计算

在孔穴塌缩模型的基础上,建立了计算泡沫态硅橡胶在不同初始密度下的冲击绝热线参数的理论方法。获得了泡沫态硅橡胶在两种不同初始密度下(0.52 g/cm3和0.92 g/cm3)的冲击绝热线,并与已有的实验数据进行对比分析。结果表明,建立的理论方法对于泡沫态硅橡胶的冲击绝热线计算是适用的。     

未反应JOB-9003炸药冲击Hugoniot关系测试

 利用“粒子速度对比法”实验技术,通过电磁粒子速度计测量了PMMA飞片同时撞击PMMA样品与待测炸药样品界面的粒子速度u₁和u₂,获得了未反应JOB-9003炸药的冲击Hugoniot关系;利用叠加原理和疏松材料冲击绝热线的计算方法,对未反应炸药的冲击绝热线进行了计算。计算结果与实验数据符合较好。     

用冲击压缩数据计算物态方程的一种方法——Grüneisen系数最优化

 本文给出了一种用冲击压缩数据计算Grüneisen物态方程参数的方法。它使Grüneisen系数沿实验冲击绝热线的计算值与晶格振动理论的计算值达到最优拟合，给出了23种金属的冷能，冷压公式中的ρ_0K、Q和q以及Grüneisen系数的结果。用这些参数算得的冲击绝热线与实验冲击绝热线之间的平均相对偏差在1%以内。     

应用于碱卤化物固体的通用状态方程

提出一种能精确考虑固体结合能的通用状态方程,并且在高压和膨胀区域都具有正确的行为,不会出现物理上不正确的振荡现象.将新方程与文献中的典型方程应用于15种碱金属卤化物和一种碱土金属氧化物,结果表明新方程在给出正确结合能数据的同时,能够很好地拟合实验压缩数据.由Vinet方程和Morse方程定出的参数随数据范围变化很明显,新方程定出的参数随数据范围变化不明显.新方程的通用性优于Vinet方程和Morse方程. 关键词： 固体 通用状态方程 结合能 碱金属卤化物     

聚乙烯冲击压缩特性实验研究

利用神光Ⅱ装置第九路输出的倍频激光,采用直接驱动方式研究了聚乙烯(CH₂)材料的冲击压缩特性.实验表明聚乙烯冲击波阵面自发辐射较强,冲击波在聚乙烯台阶中的传播比较稳定.采用阻抗匹配方法,以铝作标准材料,测量了聚乙烯的冲击绝热线,聚乙烯冲击压强达0.54 TPa,冲击波速度测量相对扩展不确定度~2%(K=2),实验数据的一致性较好,与已有低压实验数据及状态方程解析模型比较符合. 关键词： 聚乙烯 冲击绝热线 自发辐射 倍频激光     

太帕压力下声速连续测量的高精度靶制备

声速反映小应力扰动在介质中的传播特征,是材料在一定热力学状态下的重要属性,是研究材料状态方程、相变(包括固-固相变)以及物质构成等的重要手段。超高压声速测量对于地球和行星物理、惯性约束聚变以及第一性原理的建模等多个物理研究领域具有重要意义。基于侧向稀疏方法连续测量冲击绝热线上的体声速是获取超高压声速的全新方法。该方法对靶的制备要求很高。为此,详细介绍了基于该方法的靶的制备要求,探讨了制备工艺、测量技术以及影响实验精度的主要因素,并根据"神光Ⅲ"原型装置的实验结果进行相应的分析。     

实验测定铜在0.4—0.8TPa压力范围内的冲击绝热线

本文报导了在“神光”高功率激光装置上进行的铝-铜阻抗匹配实验的结果。实验测得的铜在0.4—0.8TPa压力范围内的冲击绝热线,无论与化爆装置得到的低压数据的外推,还是与地下核爆条件下得到的高压结果,都相当接近。     

200 GPa压力范围内铝和铜的等熵压缩线计算

 将冲击Hugoniot线作为Grüneisen物态方程的参考线,以冲击的初始状态为参考状态,推导得到线性和二次曲线表示的冲击绝热线所对应的等熵压缩线方程,计算了200 GPa压力范围内铝和铜两种材料的等熵压缩线,并且计算了以Hugoniot关系为基础的Appy经验物态方程导出的等熵压缩线。计算结果表明,以Appy经验物态方程导出的等熵压缩线与以线性冲击绝热线导出的等熵压缩线接近,在200 GPa压力范围内两者相差不到1.5%。将计算得到的铝的等熵压缩线与美国Sandia实验室ICE实验Z864数据进行了比较,由线性Hugoniot得到的等熵压缩线与实验数据相差不到1%,由Appy经验物态方程得到的等熵线与实验数据几乎重合,说明在200 GPa压力范围内,以Appy物态方程和以线性Hugoniot为参考来计算的等熵压缩线有较高的精度。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.