近阈值下He原子的双电子电离实验中出射电子研究

利用适用于低能电子入射的反应显微成像谱仪，对电子入射He原子近阈值下的双电离过程进行了研究，实验测量了反应后3个粒子的全部动量，获得了出射电子间的关联信息.主要介绍近阈值下的双电离实验装置及实验技术，集中分析反应后出射电子的动量能量关系，对描述近阈值双电离的Wannier理论进行了检验，发现在入射电子能量为106eV时，实验结果具有Wannier理论预言的性质.     

中高能入射条件下裸碳离子碰撞氦原子单电离的全微分截面(英文)

利用四体模型计算了100和2MeV/amu裸碳单电离氦原子的全微分截面,其结果与实验数据和其它理论进行了比较.对于高能入射情况,在散射平面小动量转移和中间动量转移时现在的理论结果和实验符合的很好,然而在大动量转移时和在垂直平面有明显差异.对于低能入射情况,四体结果定性与实验结果一致,而且优于三体扭曲波(3DW-EIS)结果,表明四体效应在低能入射比在高能入射时明显.     

非共面几何条件下102eV电子碰撞He原子电离的全微分截面

利用DS3C模型研究了非共面几何(垂直平面与垂直动量转移平面)条件下,散射电子的散射角θ₁取不同固定值时,102eV的电子碰撞He原子单电离反应过程的完全微分截面(FDCS),将其计算结果与3C,CCC等理论模型及实验数据进行了比较.结果表明DS3C模型能够较好地定性描述非共面几何(垂直平面与垂直动量转移平面)条件下的碰撞结果,说明对于非共面几何条件下的碰撞过程,出射道三粒子间的动力学关联效应是比较强的. 关键词： 非共面几何 单电离 全微分截面     

中高能入射条件下裸碳离子碰撞氦原子单电离的全微分截面

利用四体模型计算了100 和 2 MeV/amu裸碳单电离氦原子的全微分截面,其结果与实验数据和其它理论进行了比较。对于高能入射情况,在散射平面小动量转移和中间动量转移时现在的理论结果和实验符合的很好,然而在大动量转移时和在垂直平面有明显差异。对于低能入射情况,四体结果定性与实验结果一致,而且优于三体扭曲波(3DW-EIS)结果,表明四体效应在低能入射比在高能入射时明显。     

共面双对称几何条件下电子碰撞Na原子单电离的三重微分截面

应用参数化的最佳有效势方法, 推广三体库仑波模型(3C)及动力学屏蔽的三体库仑波模型(DS3C模型)于Na原子, 计算了共面双对称几何条件下, 电子碰撞Na原子单电离的三重微分截面(TDCS), 与最近Murray的测量数据、Hitawala等人的扭曲波近似(DWBA)及考虑极化 的扭曲波近似(DWBAP)的理论结果进行了比较. 发现, DWBA在低入射能量反映了实验结果, 而3C计算在低入射能量时失效, DS3C计算对其有所改善. 入射能量较高时DS3C及3C结果的角度分布优于DWBA, 能够较好地定性描述上述碰撞过程. 说明对于共面双对称几何条件下的电子碰撞多电子原子单电离过程, 出射道三粒子间的动力学关联效应是比较强的.     

低能电子离化H初通道库仑作用过程的理论研究

基于CDS3C模型,研究了初通道库仑场对低能电子碰撞H(e,2e)反应三重微分截面(TDCS)的影响,计算了在共面对称几何条件下,两个出射电子相对角取不同固定值时,能量近阈值(E0=30、20和17.6eV)的入射电子碰撞H(e,2e)反应的TDCS,将其计算结果与3C、DS3C模型所得结果与实验结果进行了比较.结果表明,初通道库仑场对低入射能,两个出射电子相对角较小时的TDCS有一定影响.     

Si2+离子与氢原子碰撞电离过程的CTMC计算

应用经典径迹蒙特卡罗方法研究Si²⁺离子与氢原子碰撞电离反应过程.计算了随 入射离子能量变化的总截面、出射电子随角度和能量变化的一阶、二阶微分截面,及出射电子随 入射离子能量变化的平均能量.根据计算结果,讨论展示了软碰撞、电子转移到入射离子连 续态、两体相遇碰撞等电离机理,阐明了它们对碰撞总截面、微分截面、电离电子能量的影 响.通过计算出射电子到入射离子和靶的距离比的电离电子数分布研究了不同入射离子能量 “鞍点”电离机理的可能性. 关键词： 重粒子碰撞过程 经典径迹蒙特卡罗方法 电离机理     

用(e,2e)电子碰撞电离测量乙烯分子中的扭曲波效应

利用新一代高性能（e,2e）电子动量谱仪,在400-2400 eV的大范围入射电子能量条件下,测量了乙烯分子电子密度的动量分布.实验测量的乙烯1b3g轨道电子动量分布与平面波冲量近似的理论计算结果相比,在低动量区和高动量区出现明显的上翘（turn up）效应,并且此上翘效应随着入射电子能量的增加而逐渐减小.进一步的分析证实由于分子的扭曲波效应引起1b3g轨道动量分布在低动量区和高动量区的上翘.实验测量结果将对分子扭曲波理论计算的建立提供实验依据.     

C3+与Ne碰撞过程纯电离绝对截面的测量和研究

介绍了离子-原子碰撞过程中双微分绝对截面的计算方法.利用符合技术测量了中能区C3++Ne碰撞系统的纯电离微分绝对截面.将实验结果与多体经典蒙特卡罗方法计算结果进行对比后发现,纯电离截面随入射能量变化的趋势基本一致,对理论与实验产生差异的原因作了分析.对多重电离的电离机制分析表明:高价态的反冲离子主要来自于俄歇贡献;随着入射能量的升高,电子-电子间的库仑作用也逐渐显现.此实验方法可以用于相同实验装置上的各种反应出射道的绝对截面测量,入射离子种类及入射离子能量范围将得到拓展.     

C3+与Ne碰撞过程纯电离绝对截面的测量和研究

介绍了离子-原子碰撞过程中双微分绝对截面的计算方法.利用符合技术测量了中能区C³⁺+Ne碰撞系统的纯电离微分绝对截面. 将实验结果与多体经典蒙特卡罗方法计算结果进行对比后发现，纯电离截面随入射能量变化的趋势基本一致，对理论与实验产生差异的原因作了分析. 对多重电离的电离机制分析表明：高价态的反冲离子主要来自于俄歇贡献；随着入射能量的升高，电子-电子间的库仑作用也逐渐显现. 此实验方法可以用于相同实验装置上的各种反应出射道的绝对截面测量，入射离子种类及入射离子能量范围将得到拓展. 关键词： 离子-原子碰撞 绝对截面 纯电离     

The role of electron correlations in the double ionization of helium by fast protons

We consider the double ionization (DI) of a helium atom by fast protons and study the role of electron correlations in this process. We develop a quantum-mechanical approach that takes into account the interaction of the emitted electrons in continuum and the dynamical charge screening of the ejected particles, which depends on their ejection kinematics. The interaction of the emitted electrons between themselves and with the core is described in the model of approximate 3C functions, while the dynamical charge screening is described by introducing effective charges of the emitted electrons and the ion core, which are determined by the particle momenta. The derived closed analytical expressions for the differential ionization cross sections have been applied to the case of a coplanar particle ejection geometry at various momenta q transferred to the atom. Analysis of our calculations has shown that the developed model describes adequately the available experimental data. Including the dynamical charge screening has a significant effect on the DI cross section and improves considerably the agreement between theory and experiment.     

低能He2+-He碰撞体系转移电离机理的实验研究

利用冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪,对低能He²⁺-He碰撞反应中产生的反冲靶离子和炮弹离子进行了符合测量,根据反冲靶离子的动量,研究了转移电离过程中的电荷转移机理.实验结果表明：在20—40 keV能量范围内,靶原子上的一个电子俘获到炮弹离子的基态,另一个电子直接发射到靶的连续态的直接电离及另一个电子俘获到炮弹离子的连续态的过程(ECC)是最主要的转移电离机理,且ECC过程主要发生在大碰撞参数条件下;炮弹离子俘获两个电子处在双激发态的自电离过程的贡献很小. 关键词： 冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪 转移电离机理 离子原子碰撞     

非序列双电离向饱和区过渡的电子最大关联度

本文采用三维半经典再散射模型系统地研究了 He 原子在 光强从域下到近序列双电离区强场作用下的非序列双电离问题, 统计了各种场强下最终电离的两个电子正负关联的几率之比, 发现发生最大正关联的场强处于向非序列 双电离饱和区过渡的区域, 并在关联纵向动量谱中展示了形成最大关联度的过程. 最后通过轨道"回溯"分析, 进一步研究了其背后的物理机理, 发现在碰撞后其中一个电子再散射和隧穿电子高速弱碰撞分别 是低场强和高场强下负关联比例增加的原因.     

Long‐Time Evolution of a Low Pressure Laboratory Plasma after Application of Transient high Voltage Positive Pulses

The long‐time evolution of weakly‐collisional plasma with application of high voltage positive pulses to an electrode immersed in plasma, with pulse widths less than as well as more than ion plasma periods, is studied. The plasma is produced by electron impact ionization of argon or helium gas, where electrons are coming out from dc biased hot thoriated tungsten filaments. It is observed that during the temporal evolution of argon plasma, a beam component exists along with temporal bulk electrons giving rise to a double hump profile of transient Electron Distribution Function (EDF). However, in the case of temporal evolution of helium plasma, only a bulk electron population is present. The obtained results are explained by understanding the role played by thermionically emitted electrons during the plasma evolution, the role of the difference of ionization rates of helium and argon, and the higher temporal plasma potential. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

电子入射双电离He原子的理论研究

完成了高入射能(E05.6keV),低敲出能(E1=E2=10eV)情形下,电子入射双电离He原子五重微分截面(FDCS)的理论计算.计算中使用了三个电子在He+2离子场中的四体末态波函数.计算结果与其他理论结果进行比较发现:所得结果与最新的(e,3e)实验数据较好地一致.     

Close-coupling approach to Coulomb three-body problems

The convergent close-coupling method is shown to overcome the remaining discrepancies with experiment of electron-hydrogen ionization. Consequently, this method is able to calculate accurately the Coulomb three-body problems which include electron collisions with hydrogen and helium (within the frozen core model), and helium double photoionization at all incident energies and kinematical or geometrical arrangements of the outgoing electrons.     

Observation of large-angle quasimonoenergetic electrons from a laser wakefield

A relativistically intense laser pulse is focused into a helium jet and quasimonoenergetic electrons emitted at a 40 degrees angle with respect to the laser axis are observed. The average electron energy is between 1 and 2 MeV and the total accelerated charge is about 1 nC emitted in a 10 degrees cone angle. Three dimensional particle-in-cell simulations reproduce key features of the experimental results and show that the interaction between ionization heating and nonlinear cavitation wakefields is responsible for the acceleration.     

(e,3e) on helium at low impact energy: the strongly correlated three-electron continuum

Double ionization of the helium atom by slow electron impact (E(0)=106 eV) is studied in a kinematically complete experiment. Because of a low excess energy E(exc)=27 eV above the double ionization threshold, a strongly correlated three-electron continuum is realized. This is demonstrated by measuring and calculating the fully differential cross sections for equal energy sharing of the final-state electrons. While the electron emission is dominated by a strong Coulomb repulsion, also signatures of more complex dynamics of the full four-body system are identified.     

Fully correlated electronic dynamics for antiproton impact ionization of helium

We present total cross sections for single and double ionization of helium by antiproton impact over a wide range of impact energies from 10 keV/amu to 1 MeV/amu. A nonperturbative time-dependent close-coupling method is applied to fully treat the correlated dynamics of the ionized electrons. Excellent agreement is obtained between our calculations and experimental measurements of total single and double ionization cross sections at high impact energies, whereas for lower impact energies, some discrepancies with experiment are found. At an impact energy of 1 MeV we also find that the double-to-single ionization ratio is twice as large for antiproton impact as for proton impact, confirming a long-standing unexpected experimental measurement.