相干布居数拍频信号与基态超精细子能级相干性关系的研究

相干布居数拍频(coherent population beating, CPB)现象, 产生于一个Λ型三能级原子系统中, 当双色相干激光场的频率差和两基态能级频率间隔近失谐的时候, 原子在激发态能级上的布居数会产生一个弛豫振荡, 且振荡频率等于失谐量. 当将此现象运用于原子标准频率的提取时, CPB频标的稳定度与CPB信号的幅度及信噪比直接相关. 本文理论推导了描述CPB 现象的表达式, 数值模拟并实验研究了⁸⁷Rb基态超精细子能级的相干性对CPB信号的影响, 通过控制与基态子能级共振相干激光场的抽运时间来控制能级的相干程度, 观测不同相干程度对CPB信号质量的影响. 研究结果表明CPB信号振荡的幅度与基态子能级相干程度成正比关系. 要改善CPB信号信噪比、提高原子频标稳定度, 建立、提高和保持基态超精细能级的相干性是关键. 本文还讨论了CPB现象用于弱磁场测量及其他方面应用的可行性.     

准Λ型四能级中用非匹配高斯脉冲实现相干布居转移

文章研究用非匹配高斯脉冲实现四能级准Λ型系统中的相干布居转移.从密度矩阵方程出发,对四个态的布居数随时间的演化进行了数值模拟.模拟结果表明,泵浦光场的拉比频率强度和失谐量对布居转移率的影响和探测光场、耦合光场的拉比频率强度及失谐量对布居转移率的影响不同;自发辐射诱导相干(SGC)对布居转移率的影响不大.但当它们选取适当参数的时候,基态的布居几乎可以全部被转移到目标态能级.     

高激发态原子的相干效应

本文以高激发态原子为研究对象, 由基态、激发态和高激发态能级形成阶梯型三能级系统, 理论上求解阶梯型三能级系统的密度矩阵方程, 研究了高激发态原子的相干效应, 计算获得探测光的吸收和色散曲线. 并研究了高激发态原子间相互作用以及外加电场对相干效应的影响. 结果表明, 外加场可以使吸收和色散曲线产生频移.     

V型原子系统中相干布居俘获的相干相位调制研究

在延迟脉冲激光场作用下的V型原子系统中，实现了对相干布居俘获，电磁感应透明的相干相位调制，选择适当的能级其调制频率可以达到飞秒量级.利用数值和解析分析得到了延迟脉冲和叠加态粒子数布居的关系，以及粒子布居受光场相位调制的特点和变化规律.利用这种机理可以实现飞秒量级的量子开关作用. 关键词： 相干相位调制 相干布居俘获 电磁感应透明 量子开关     

类Kerr介质中双模SU(1,1)相干态场与Λ型三能级原子相互作用的量子统计性质

导出了类Kerr介质中双模SU(1,1)相干态场与Λ型三能级原子相互作用系统的态函数,研究了Kerr效应对Λ型三能级原子布居概率、双模SU(1,1)相干态场的互关联函数、Cauchy-Schwartz不等式及二阶相干度的影响.结果表明:Kerr效应使原子与光场的耦合减弱,原子布居的崩塌与复苏的周期缩短;在初始光场较弱和较强两种情况下,类Kerr介质对双模SU(1,1)相干态场两模间的相关性、相关程度以及光子的聚束与反聚束效应产生的作用有明显的区别.     

Kerr介质中非关联双模相干态光场与V型三能级原子的相互作用

导出了充满Kerr介质的高Q腔中非关联双模相干态光场与V型三能级原子相互作用系统的态矢量, 通过数值计算,分析了光与原子之间单光子失谐量和Kerr介质对原子能级布居概率及光的量子统计特性的影响,给出了原子布居概率和双模场量子统计特性的时间演化曲线.结果表明, 原子布居概率受Kerr效应的影响较大,且在该曲线上附加一低频起伏. 通过对双模光场二阶相干度的分析:一模呈现亚泊松分布;另一模呈现超泊松分布.     

利用布居囚禁态实现高效率布居转移

利用缀饰原子方法研究了激光同位素分离涉及的一个四能级系统的布居转移过程，发现了类似于三能级系统的布居囚禁态，在此基础上分析了光泵浦过程的布居囚禁现象，提出一种能够利用基态布居及亚稳态热布居的高效率光泵浦方法并以分离轴原子为例说明该方法的优越性。     

原子相干对反转和无反转激光线宽的影响

研究了原子相干对两个能级被一相干驱动场耦合的三能级系统反转和无反转激光线宽的影响。证明了原子相干不仅经线宽,而且可以加宽线宽,它对线宽的作用是窄化还是加宽取决于模型和参数的选择。我们的研究还表明,原子相干对线宽的影响小于布居数对线宽的影响,在强驱动场下,原子相干的效应可忽略。     

类Kerr介质中双模SU(1,1)相干态场与Λ型三能级原子相互作用的量子统计性质

导出了类Kerr介质中双模SU(1,1)相干态场与Λ型三能级原子相互作用系统的态函数,研究了Kerr效应对Λ型三能级原子布居概率、双模SU(1,1)相干态场的互关联函数、Cauchy-Schwartz不等式及二阶相干度的影响.结果表明:Kerr效应使原子与光场的耦合减弱,原子布居的崩塌与复苏的周期缩短;在初始光场较弱和较强两种情况下,类Kerr介质对双模SU(1,1)相干态场两模间的相关性、相关程度以及光子的聚束与反聚束效应产生的作用有明显的区别.     

相干布居囚禁振荡与拉曼失谐的关系

相干布居囚禁(CPT)振荡是一种基于CPT态而产生的瞬态振荡现象,与相干双色光频差和Λ型三能级结构原子基态能级间隔之间的拉曼失谐有关.本文采用锯齿波对微波信号进行频率调制,实现拉曼失谐均匀变化和阶跃变化.并通过建立频率调制速率和拉曼失谐变化速率之间的关系,分析拉曼失谐变化速率和变化方式对CPT振荡的影响.结果表明,当拉曼失谐均匀变化时,激发CPT态原子产生振荡现象需要满足变化速率较快的条件,且激发产生的振荡呈现非谐波振荡行为.当拉曼失谐发生阶跃变化时,激发产生的CPT振荡为阻尼振荡且振荡频率与失谐量相等.利用锯齿波进行微波频率调制,进而实现对拉曼失谐的调制,实现CPT态的完全建立和CPT振荡的完全衰减过程,在弱磁场测量和原子钟领域具有较大的应用潜力.     

Phase control of maximal atomic coherence

The atomic coherence in a three-level Λ atom is studied, in which each optical transition is driven by a coherent field and the metastable states are coupled to each other via a microwave field. It’s shown that the atomic coherence crucially depends on the relative phase delay between the envelopes of the amplitudes of the three coupling fields. In particular, when the phase delay is adjusted to 0 or π, the maximal atomic coherence arises, while the maximal atomic coherence doesn’t occur once the phase delay is changed to π/2. The maximal atomic coherence is attributed to the trapping of the population in the lower sublevels.     

Field splitting of a nonabsorbing state

This paper analyzes a four-level system interacting with four strong fields with frequencies combining into a cycle. The conditions for coherent population trapping, when a nonabsorbing superposition of states forms, are calculated. It is found that, in contrast to a three-level system, the nonabsorbing state splits, i.e., is realized at two values of the detuning. Such splitting manifests itself as narrow dips in the frequency dependence of the upper-level population. Similar dips are found in the spectrum of the nonlinear susceptibility, which is responsible for the conversion efficiency in the process of four-wave mixing. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 115, 1961–1972 (June 1999)     

Optical bistability via atomic coherence

Optical bistability in a unidirectional cavity has been analyzed based on a ground-state doublet three-level atomic model in which atoms are initially prepared in a coherent superposition state. It is shown that bistability can be realized due to the initial coherence. Furthermore, the bistable hysteresis cycle becomes wider as the initial polarization increases, and the bistability can be controlled by the initial coherence.     

Coherent population trapping with a train of pulses via a continuum and its application to the suppression of excited-state absorption

We discuss the coherent population trapping (CPT) effect induced in a three-level Λ-type system by a train of short pulses. Specifically, we consider a modified Λ system with the upper level replaced by a continuum of states. We show that CPT with a train of pulses can be applied to the suppression of excited-state absorption of pump radiation in crystalline laser materials. The utility of the technique for pumping a promising yellow-orange solid-state medium Ti:YAlO₃ and overcoming excited-state pump absorption is analyzed.     

Atomic Coherent Trapping and Properties of Trapped Atom

Based on the theory of velocity-selective coherent population trapping, we investigate an atom-laser system where a pair of counterpropagating laser fields interact with a three-level atom. The influence of the parametric condition on the properties of the system such as velocity at which the atom is selected to be trapped, time needed for finishing the coherent trapping process, and possible electromagnetically induced transparency of an altrocold atomic medium, etc., is studied.     

Atomic Coherent Trapping and Properties of Trapped Atom

Based on the theory of velocity-selective coherent population trapping, we investigate an atom-laser system where a pair of counterpropagating laser fields interact with a three-level atom. The influence of the parametric condition on the properties of the system such as velocity at which the atom is selected to be trapped, time needed for finishing the coherent trapping process, and possible electromagnetically induced transparency of an altrocold atomic medium,etc., is studied.     

光场驱动下退化的级联三能级原子中的量子相干效应

研究了退化的级联三能级原子在施加静磁场后的量子相干效应,系统既可出现单光子电磁诱导透明,也可出现双光子电磁诱导透明以及双光子电磁诱导吸收,这取决于两个驱动场的拉比频率和塞曼分裂的相干性。 Quantum coherence effects in degenerate cascade three-level atom subject to magnetic field are investigated. One-photon EIT, two-photon EIT and two-photon EIA are obtained, due to the coherence between the drive Rabi frequency and Zeeman splitting.     

被驱动的V型三能级原子在压缩真空中的稳态行为

研究了相干驱动的Ｖ型三能级在原子在压缩真空入射的劣质腔中的稳态行为,分析了原子的稳态粒子布居数与库场平均光予数、压缩关联强度和相位及相干激光场的强度的关系。对相干捕获现象的发生作了讨论。     

Ground-state coherence induced oscillations in a three-level system

The interaction of a three-level atomic medium with two degenerate sublevels in the ground-state with a coherent radiation field in a ring cavity is investigated. We pay specific attention to atomic coherence within the ground-state doublet, considering separate decay rates for the ground-state coherence and the population difference. In a previous paper we presented the stationary solutions and here we report on self-pulsing solutions. At critical intensities of the input field, the partially stable symmetry-breaking branches give rise to Hopf bifurcations. Furthermore, we observe in a limiting case of the limit cycles solitary solutions. The associated diverging periods show an interesting power law behaviour.Work supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation