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1.
Jean Bourgain Jeff Kahn Gil Kalai Yitzhak Katznelson Nathan Linial 《Israel Journal of Mathematics》1992,77(1-2):55-64
LetX be a probability space and letf: X
n
→ {0, 1} be a measurable map. Define the influence of thek-th variable onf, denoted byI
f
(k), as follows: Foru=(u
1,u
2,…,u
n−1) ∈X
n−1 consider the setl
k
(u)={(u
1,u
2,...,u
k−1,t,u
k
,…,u
n−1):t ∈X}.
More generally, forS a subset of [n]={1,...,n} let the influence ofS onf, denoted byI
f
(S), be the probability that assigning values to the variables not inS at random, the value off is undetermined.
Theorem 1:There is an absolute constant c
1
so that for every function f: X
n
→ {0, 1},with Pr(f
−1(1))=p≤1/2,there is a variable k so that
Theorem 2:For every f: X
n
→ {0, 1},with Prob(f=1)=1/2, and every ε>0,there is S ⊂ [n], |S|=c
2(ε)n/logn so that I
f
(S)≥1−ε.
These extend previous results by Kahn, Kalai and Linial for Boolean functions, i.e., the caseX={0, 1}.
Work supported in part by grants from the Binational Israel-US Science Foundation and the Israeli Academy of Science. 相似文献
2.
S. Staněk 《Ukrainian Mathematical Journal》2008,60(2):277-298
We present existence principles for the nonlocal boundary-value problem (φ(u(p−1)))′=g(t,u,...,u(p−1), αk(u)=0, 1≤k≤p−1, where p ≥ 2, π: ℝ → ℝ is an increasing and odd homeomorphism, g is a Carathéodory function that is either regular or has singularities in its space variables, and α
k: C
p−1[0, T] → ℝ is a continuous functional. An application of the existence principles to singular Sturm-Liouville problems (−1)n(φ(u(2n−)))′=f(t,u,...,u(2n−1)), u(2k)(0)=0, αku(2k)(T)+bku(2k=1)(T)=0, 0≤k≤n−1, is given.
Published in Ukrains’kyi Matematychnyi Zhurnal, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 240–259, February, 2008. 相似文献
3.
D. V. Maksimov 《Journal of Mathematical Sciences》2008,148(6):850-859
Consider functions u1, u2,..., un ∈ D(ℝk) and assume that we are given a certain set of linear combinations of the form ∑i, j a
ij
(l)
∂jui. Sufficient conditions in terms of coefficients a
ij
(l)
are indicated under which the norms
are controlled in terms of the L1-norms of these linear combinations. These conditions are mostly transparent if k = 2. The classical Gagliardo inequality
corresponds to a single function u1 = u and the collection of its partial derivatives ∂1u,..., ∂ku. Bibliography: 2 titles.
__________
Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 345, 2007, pp. 120–139. 相似文献
4.
Guido Cortesani 《Annali dell'Universita di Ferrara》1997,43(1):27-49
Let Ω be an open and bounded subset ofR
n
with locally Lipschitz boundary. We prove that the functionsv∈SBV(Ω,R
m
) whose jump setS
vis essentially closed and polyhedral and which are of classW
k, ∞ (S
v,R
m) for every integerk are strongly dense inGSBV
p(Ω,R
m
), in the sense that every functionu inGSBV
p(Ω,R
m
) is approximated inL
p(Ω,R
m
) by a sequence of functions {v
k{j∈N with the described regularity such that the approximate gradients ∇v
jconverge inL
p(Ω,R
nm
) to the approximate gradient ∇u and the (n−1)-dimensional measure of the jump setsS
v
j converges to the (n−1)-dimensional measure ofS
u. The structure ofS
v can be further improved in casep≤2.
Sunto Sia Ω un aperto limitato diR n con frontiera localmente Lipschitziana. In questo lavoro si dimostra che le funzioniv∈SBV(Ω,R m ) con insieme di saltoS v essenzialmente chiuso e poliedrale che sono di classeW k, ∞ (S v,R m ) per ogni interok sono fortemente dense inGSBV p(Ω,R m ), nel senso che ogni funzioneu∈GSBV p(Ω,R m ) è approssimata inL p(Ω,R m ) da una successione di funzioni {v j}j∈N con la regolaritá descritta tali che i gradienti approssimati ∇v jconvergono inL p(Ω,R nm ) al gradiente approssimato ∇u e la misura (n−1)-dimensionale degli insiemi di saltoS v jconverge alla misura (n−1)-dimensionale diS u. La struttura diS vpuó essere migliorata nel caso in cuip≤2.相似文献
5.
We study some of the combinatorial structures related to the signature ofG-symmetric products of (open) surfacesSP
G
m
(M)=M
m/G whereG ⊂S
m.The attention is focused on the question, what information about a surfaceM can be recovered from a symmetric productSP
n(M). The problem is motivated in part by the study of locally Euclidean topological commutative (m+k,m)-groups, [16]. Emphasizing a combinatorial point of view we express the signature Sign(SP
G
m
(M))in terms of the cycle index
ofG, a polynomial which originally appeared in Pólya enumeration theory of graphs, trees, chemical structures etc. The computations
are used to show that there exist punctured Riemann surfacesM
g,k,M
g′,k′such that the manifoldsSP
m(M
g,k)andSP
m(M)g′,k′)are often not homeomorphic, although they always have the same homotopy type provided 2
g
+k=2
g′
+k′ andk,k′≥1.
Supported by the Serbian Ministry for Science and Technology, Grant No. 1643. 相似文献
6.
For κ ⩾ 0 and r0 > 0 let ℳ(n, κ, r0) be the set of all connected, compact n-dimensional Riemannian manifolds (Mn, g) with Ricci (M, g) ⩾ −(n−1) κ g and Inj (M) ⩾ r0. We study the relation between the kth eigenvalue λk(M) of the Laplacian associated to (Mn,g), Δ = −div(grad), and the kth eigenvalue λk(X) of a combinatorial Laplacian associated to a discretization X of M. We show that there exist constants c, C > 0 (depending only on n, κ and r0) such that for all M ∈ ℳ(n, κ, r0) and X a discretization of
for all k < |X|. Then, we obtain the same kind of result for two compact manifolds M and N ∈ ℳ(n, κ, r0) such that the Gromov–Hausdorff distance between M and N is smaller than some η > 0. We show that there exist constants c, C > 0 depending on η, n, κ and r0 such that
for all
.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 58J50, 53C20
Supported by Swiss National Science Foundation, grant No. 20-101 469 相似文献
7.
8.
B. Khani Robati 《Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo》2000,49(3):601-608
Let ℬ be a Banach space of analytic functions defined on the open unit disk. We characterize the commutant ofM
Z
2 (the operator of multiplication by the square of independent variable defined on ℬ) and show that for an operatorS in the commutantM
Z
2 ifSM
Z
2k+1−M
Z
2k+1
S is compact for some nonnegative integerk, thenS=M
ϕ whereϕ is a multiplier of ℬ. Letn be a positive integer andS be an operator in the commutant ofM
Z
n defined on a functional Hilbert spaces of analytic functions. We show that under certain conditionsS has the formM
ϕ.
Research supported by the Shiraz University Grant 78-SC-1188-657. 相似文献
9.
For a domainU on a certaink-dimensional minimal submanifold ofS
n orH
n, we introduce a “modified volume”M(U) ofU and obtain an optimal isoperimetric inequality forU k
k
ω
k
M (D)
k-1
≤Vol(∂D)
k
, where ω
k
is the volume of the unit ball ofR
k
. Also, we prove that ifD is any domain on a minimal surface inS
+
n
(orH
n, respectively), thenD satisfies an isoperimetric inequality2π A≤L
2+A2 (2π A≤L2−A2 respectively). Moreover, we show that ifU is ak-dimensional minimal submanifold ofH
n, then(k−1) Vol(U)≤Vol(∂U).
Supported in part by KME and GARC 相似文献
10.
For a given polyhedron K(?)M,the notation RM(K)denotes a regular neigh- borhood of K in M.The authors study the following problem:find all pairs(m,k) such that if K is a compact k-polyhedron and M a PL m-manifold,then R_M(f(K))≌R_M(g(K))for each two homotopic PL embeddings f,g:K→M.It is proved that R_S~(k 2)(S~k)(?)S~k×D~2 for each k(?)2 and some PL sphere S~k(?)S~(k 2)(even for any PL sphere S~k(?)S~(K 2)having an isolated non-locally flat point with the singularity S~(k-1)(?) S~(k 1)such thatπ_1(S~(k 1)-S~(k-1))(?)Z). 相似文献
11.
Abdelmajid Siai 《Potential Analysis》2006,24(1):15-45
Let Ω be an open bounded set in ℝN, N≥3, with connected Lipschitz boundary ∂Ω and let a(x,ξ) be an operator of Leray–Lions type (a(⋅,∇u) is of the same type as the operator |∇u|p−2∇u, 1<p<N). If τ is the trace operator on ∂Ω, [φ] the jump across ∂Ω of a function φ defined on both sides of ∂Ω, the normal derivative
∂/∂νa related to the operator a is defined in some sense as 〈a(⋅,∇u),ν〉, the inner product in ℝN, of the trace of a(⋅,∇u) on ∂Ω with the outward normal vector field ν on ∂Ω. If β and γ are two nondecreasing continuous real functions everywhere
defined in ℝ, with β(0)=γ(0)=0, f∈L1(ℝN), g∈L1(∂Ω), we prove the existence and the uniqueness of an entropy solution u for the following problem,
in the sense that, if Tk(r)=max {−k,min (r,k)}, k>0, r∈ℝ, ∇u is the gradient by means of truncation (∇u=DTku on the set {|u|<k}) and
, u measurable; DTk(u)∈Lp(ℝN), k>0}, then
and u satisfies,
for every k>0 and every
.
Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000) 35J65, 35J70, 47J05. 相似文献
12.
Zi-qing Xie Chuan-miao Chen Institute of Computation Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan China 《应用数学学报(英文版)》2004,20(2):317-322
The multiple solutions for one-dimensional cubic nonlinear problem u" u~3=0,u(0)=u(π)=0are computed,on the basis of the eigenpairs of-φ"_k=λ_(kφk),k=1,2,3....There exist two nonzero solutions±u_k corresponding to each k,and their Morse index MI(k) for 1(?)k(?)20 is to be exactly determined.It isshown by the numerical results that MI(k)(?)k. 相似文献
13.
O. M. Fomenko 《Journal of Mathematical Sciences》2005,129(3):3898-3909
Let Sk(N)+ be the set of primitive cusp forms of even weight k for Γ0(N) and let L(s, sym
2f) be the symmetric square L-function L(s, f) of a form f ∈ Sk(N)+. The moments of the variable L(1, sym
2f), f ∈ S2(N)+, are computed for N = p, and the corresponding limiting distribution is determined in N-aspect. Let f ∈ Sk(1)+, g ∈ Sl(1)+, and ωf = Γ(k - 1)/(4π)k-1 〈f, f〉. Asymptotic formulas for
and
as k → ∞ are obtained. Bibliography: 17 titles.__________Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 302, 2003, pp. 149–167. 相似文献
14.
For two vertices u and v of a connected graph G, the set I[u,v] consists of all those vertices lying on a u−v shortest path in G, while for a set S of vertices of G, the set I[S] is the union of all sets I[u,v] for u,v∈S. A set S is convex if I[S]=S. The convexity number con(G) of G is the maximum cardinality of a proper convex set of G. The clique number ω(G) is the maximum cardinality of a clique in G. If G is a connected graph of order n that is not complete, then n≥3 and 2≤ω(G)≤con(G)≤n−1. It is shown that for every triple l,k,n of integers with n≥3 and 2≤l≤k≤n−1, there exists a noncomplete connected graph G of order n with ω(G)=l and con(G)=k. Other results on convex numbers are also presented.
Received: August 19, 1998 Final version received: May 17, 2000 相似文献
15.
Jean-René Licois 《Journal d'Analyse Mathématique》1995,66(1):1-36
LetM be a compact riemannian manifold,h an odd function such thath(r)/r is non-decreasing with limit 0 at 0. Letf(r)=h(r)-γr and assume there exist non-negative constantsA andB and a realp>1 such thatf(r)>Ar
P-B. We prove that any non-negative solutionu ofu
tt+Δgu=f(u) onM x ℝ+ satisfying Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions on ϖM converges to a (stationary) solution of Δ
g
Φ=f(Φ) onM with exponential decay of ‖u-Φ‖C
2(M). For solutions with non-constant sign, we prove an homogenisation result for sufficiently small λ; further, we show that
for every λ the map (u(0,·),u
t(0,·))→(u(t,·), u
t(t,·)) defines a dynamical system onW
1/2(M)⊂C(M)×L
2(M) which possesses a compact maximal attractor.
相似文献
16.
Sergiy Maksymenko 《Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry》2006,29(3):241-285
Let M be a smooth compact surface, orientable or not, with boundary or without it, P either the real line ℝ
1 or the circle S
1, and D(M) the group of diffeomorphisms of M acting on C^∞(M, P) by the rule h⋅ f = f ∘ h
−1 for h ∊ D(M) and f ∊ C^∞ (M,P). Let f: M → P be an arbitrary Morse mapping, Σ
f
the set of critical points of f, D(M,Σ
f
) the subgroup of D(M) preserving Σ
f
, and S(f), S (f,Σ
f
), O(f), and O(f,Σ
f
) the stabilizers and the orbits of f with respect to D(M) and D(M,Σ
f
). In fact S(f) = S(f,Σ
f
).In this paper we calculate the homotopy types of S(f), O(f) and O(f,Σ
f
). It is proved that except for few cases the connected components of S(f) and O(f,Σ
f
) are contractible, π
k
O(f) = π
k
M for k ≥ 3, π2 O(f) = 0, and π1 O(f) is an extension of π1 D(M) ⊕ Z
k
(for some k ≥ 0) with a (finite) subgroup of the group of automorphisms of the Kronrod-Reeb graph of f.We also generalize the methods of F. Sergeraert to give conditions for a finite codimension orbit of a tame smooth action of a tame Lie group on a tame Fréchet manifold to be a tame Fréchet manifold itself. In particular, we obtain that O(f) and O(f, Σ
f
) are tame Fréchet manifolds.
Communicated by Peter Michor Vienna
Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000): 37C05, 57S05, 57R45. 相似文献
17.
An extension of a classical theorem of Rellich to the exterior of a closed proper convex cone is proved: Let Γ be a closed
convex proper cone inR
n and −Γ′ be the antipodes of the dual cone of Γ. Let
be a partial differential operator with constant coefficients inR
n, whereQ(ζ)≠0 onR
n−iΓ′ andP
i is an irreducible polynomial with real coefficients. Assume that the closure of each connected component of the set {ζ∈R
n−iΓ′;P
j(ζ)=0, gradP
j(ζ)≠0} contains some real point on which gradP
j≠0 and gradP
j∉Γ∪(−Γ). LetC be an open cone inR
n−Γ containing both normal directions at some such point, and intersecting each normal plane of every manifold contained in
{ξ∈R
n;P(ξ)=0}. Ifu∈ℒ′∩L
loc
2
(R
n−Γ) and the support ofP(−i∂/∂x)u is contained in Γ, then the condition
implies that the support ofu is contained in Γ. 相似文献
18.
Let M be a compact manifold of dimension n, P=P(h) a semiclassical pseudodifferential operator on M, and u=u(h) an L
2 normalized family of functions such that P(h)u(h) is O(h) in L
2(M) as h↓0. Let H⊂M be a compact submanifold of M. In a previous article, the second-named author proved estimates on the L
p
norms, p≥2, of u restricted to H, under the assumption that the u are semiclassically localized and under some natural structural assumptions about the principal symbol of P. These estimates are of the form Ch
−δ(n,k,p) where k=dim H (except for a logarithmic divergence in the case k=n−2, p=2). When H is a hypersurface, i.e., k=n−1, we have δ(n,n−1, 2)=1/4, which is sharp when M is the round n-sphere and H is an equator. 相似文献
19.
Alaa E. Hamza 《Journal of Difference Equations and Applications》2013,19(3):233-253
We suppose that M is a closed subspace of l ∞(J, X), the space of all bounded sequences {x(n)} n?J ? X, where J ? {Z+,Z} and X is a complex Banach space. We define the M-spectrum σM (u) of a sequence u ? l ∞(J,X). Certain conditions will be supposed on both M and σM (u) to insure the existence of u ? M. We prove that if u is ergodic, such that σM (u,) is at most countable and, for every λ ? σM (u), the sequence e?iλnu(n) is ergodic, then u ? M. We apply this result to the operator difference equationu(n + 1) = Au(n) + ψ(n), n ? J,and to the infinite order difference equation Σ r k=1 ak (u(n + k) ? u(n)) + Σ s ? Z?(n ? s)u(s) = h(n), n?J, where ψ?l ∞(Z,X) such that ψ| J ? M, A is the generator of a C 0-semigroup of linear bounded operators {T(t)} t>0 on X, h ? M, ? ? l 1(Z) and ak ?C. Certain conditions will be imposed to guarantee the existence of solutions in the class M. 相似文献
20.
The signed distance-k-domination number of a graph is a certain variant of the signed domination number. If v is a vertex of a graph G, the open k-neighborhood of v, denoted by N
k
(v), is the set N
k
(v) = {u: u ≠ v and d(u, v) ⩽ k}. N
k
[v] = N
k
(v) ⋃ {v} is the closed k-neighborhood of v. A function f: V → {−1, 1} is a signed distance-k-dominating function of G, if for every vertex
. The signed distance-k-domination number, denoted by γ
k,s
(G), is the minimum weight of a signed distance-k-dominating function on G. The values of γ
2,s
(G) are found for graphs with small diameter, paths, circuits. At the end it is proved that γ
2,s
(T) is not bounded from below in general for any tree T. 相似文献