铋掺杂二氧化钛纳米颗粒的制备及其可见光催化性能

采用水热法,以纳米管钛酸为前驱物制备了Bi掺杂的TiO₂,并利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱等手段对样品进行了表征. 以甲基橙的光催化降解为模型反应评价了样品的可见光催化性能. 结果表明,Bi离子并没有进入TiO₂的晶格中,而是以BiOCl的形式存在. 所制得的BiOCl/TiO₂复合物对甲基橙降解表现出较优越的可见光催化活性;当Bi/Ti摩尔比为1%,水热温度为130℃时,所制催化剂的光催化性能最佳,并对光催化活性提高的机理进行了讨论. 同时,该催化剂对4-氯苯酚降解也表现出较高的光催化性能.     

Ag2O/TiO2纳米线异质结的制备及可见光催化性能

采用化学沉积法制得了氧化银/二氧化钛纳米线异质结(Ag₂O/TNWs)可见光催化剂. 应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对催化剂进行表征, 并以甲基橙降解为模型反应研究了其光催化性能. 结果表明, 与负载等量氧化银的二氧化钛纳米粒子(Ag₂O/P25)催化剂相比, Ag₂O/TNWs纳米线异质结具有优异的一维增强可见光催化性能.     

BiOBr/BiOI复合体的制备及可见光催化性能

以硝酸铋、碘化钾、溴化钠和聚乙二醇-400为主要原料,利用水热法制备出具有较小粒径的BiOBr/BiOI复合体,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见漫反射(DRS)等测试手段对样品的形貌、物相组成进行了表征。以罗丹明B为模拟污染物,研究了可见光下所制备样品的光催化性能。结果表明:BiOBr/BiOI复合体的光催化性能高于单一的BiOBr和BiOI,光照80 min后罗丹明B的降解效率可达95.6%。     

Ni-P@g-C3N4复合材料的合成与可见光催化性能

以三聚氰胺为前驱体,采用两步热聚合法,制备了一系列石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)基光催化复合材料。通过X-射线衍射光谱(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N₂吸附、光致荧光光谱(PL)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等表征了其结构与光电特性。结果发现,Ni-P共掺杂可以有效改善g-C₃N₄的可见光吸收性能,减小其电化学阻抗,抑制光生载流子的复合。以可见光条件下降解亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液为探针反应研究了Ni-P@g-C₃N₄复合材料的光催化降解性能。结果表明,照射120分钟1.5%Ni/P-CN复合材料对MB的降解率为61.7%,速率常数为0.00785 min^-1,是纯g-C₃N₄的两倍。反应体系的主要活性物种为超氧自由基(·O₂^-)。经过简单处理催化剂可重复使用3次以上且活性保持稳定。     

碳掺杂的二氧化钛纳米管的制备及其可见光催化性能

以尿素作为碳元素前驱体对TiO2纳米管进行掺杂,采用比表面积测定、X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、能量色散X射线荧光光谱、X射线光电子能谱、固体漫反射紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱对产物进行了表征。 结果表明,以尿素作为前驱体可制备C掺杂的TiO2纳米管,C掺杂后,TiO2纳米管的可见光催化活性明显提高。 此外,研究了C掺杂量、煅烧温度、催化剂用量和pH值对TiO2纳米管光催化降解活性的影响,发现当C的掺杂量为5.3%、催化剂用量为1.5 g/L、溶液的pH值为5时,在其催化作用下,可见光光照3 h后罗丹明B的降解率可达到91%。     

TiO_2/Ag_2NCN复合光催化剂的制备与可见光催化性能

利用银盐与单氰胺水溶液的沉淀反应,通过共混不同质量分数的纳米TiO2粒子制备了TiO2/Ag2NCN复合光催化剂.使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱仪和紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱仪对复合光催化剂的结构进行了表征.结果表明,锐钛矿相TiO2纳米颗粒沉积在Ag2NCN表面形成异质结构,二者间以弱的物理作用力相结合.TiO2的掺杂使得复合颗粒的UV-Vis吸收光谱发生红移,带隙变窄.以亚甲基蓝(MB)为光催化降解对象,研究了TiO2/Ag2NCN复合颗粒的可见光催化活性.结果表明,与单一Ag2NCN相比,复合颗粒表现出增强的光催化性能.对TiO2/Ag2NCN复合颗粒的光催化反应动力学过程及光催化机理进行了探讨.     

N掺杂TiO_2纳米粉体的制备及其可见光催化性能

首次以钛酸纳米管(NTA)为Ti的前驱体,以尿素为N源,采用水热法制备N掺杂TiO2纳米微粒,并用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪(UV-Vis DRS)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等技术对不同条件下制备的产物进行了表征.探讨了尿素的掺杂量、水热温度对N掺杂TiO2形貌和结构的影响,并以亚甲基蓝为模型反应物考察了其在可见光下的催化性能,结果表明样品UN-130-1/2催化活性最高.     

可见光响应的镍硅共掺杂二氧化钛及其光催化性能

为了更好地利用太阳光和提高二氧化钛的光催化性能,以钛酸四正丁酯、正硅酸乙酯、六水合硝酸镍为原料,在高压釜中140℃非水溶剂热反应,所得材料经400℃焙烧制得镍硅共掺杂的二氧化钛光催化剂.所得材料用X射线衍射、氮吸附、透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外漫反射等测试手段分析,结果显示所有样品均为锐钛矿型二氧化钛,Si和Ni均掺杂到TiO2体相中,样品具有较大的比表面积,其最大达303.3m2·g-1.在可见光照射下,以降解罗丹明-B为探针反应研究其可见光催化性能,与未掺杂和镍掺杂的二氧化钛相比较,共掺杂的二氧化钛具有更高的可见光催化性能,当Ni/Ti和Si/Ti的物质的量的比分别为0.01和0.20时,可见光催化性能最好.可见光催化性能的提高归因于镍和硅的协同作用.     

g-C3N4-BiOBr复合材料制备及可见光催化性能

利用原位沉积法将Bi OBr纳米片生长到g-C_3N_4表面,制得g-C_3N_4-Bi OBr p-n型异质结复合光催化剂。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis-DRS)和荧光光谱(PL)等测试对光催化剂结构和性能进行表征。通过可见光辐照降解甲基橙水溶液检测评估复合光催化剂光催化活性。研究结果表明:复合光催化剂由Bi OBr和g-C_3N_4两相组成,Bi OBr纳米片在片状g-C_3N_4表面快速形核生长形成面-面复合结构。相比于纯相g-C_3N_4和Bi OBr,g-C_3N_4-Bi OBr复合材料具有更强可见光吸收能力,吸收带边红移。在可见光辐照100 min后,性能最佳的2:8 gC_3N_4-Bi OBr复合光催化剂光催化活性分别是纯相g-C_3N_4和Bi OBr的1.8和1.2倍,经过4次循环实验后,其降解率仍达84%,说明复合结构光催化剂催化性能和稳定性增强。复合光催化剂的荧光强度显著降低,说明光生载流子复合得到了有效抑制。复合光催化剂催化性能的提高归因于p-n型异质结促进电荷有效分离、抑制电子-空穴复合和吸收光波长范围的扩展,相比单一成分材料具有更好的催化活性和稳定性。自由基捕获实验证明,可见光降解甲基橙光催化过程中的主要活性成分为空穴,并据此提出了可能的光催化机理。     

g-C3N4-BiOBr复合材料制备及可见光催化性能

利用原位沉积法将BiOBr纳米片生长到g-C₃N₄表面,制得g-C₃N₄-BiOBr p-n型异质结复合光催化剂。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis-DRS)和荧光光谱(PL)等测试对光催化剂结构和性能进行表征。通过可见光辐照降解甲基橙水溶液检测评估复合光催化剂光催化活性。研究结果表明:复合光催化剂由BiOBr和g-C₃N₄两相组成,BiOBr纳米片在片状g-C₃N₄表面快速形核生长形成面-面复合结构。相比于纯相g-C₃N₄和BiOBr,g-C₃N₄-BiOBr复合材料具有更强可见光吸收能力,吸收带边红移。在可见光辐照100 min后,性能最佳的2:8 g-C₃N₄-BiOBr复合光催化剂光催化活性分别是纯相g-C₃N₄和BiOBr的1.8和1.2倍,经过4次循环实验后,其降解率仍达84%,说明复合结构光催化剂催化性能和稳定性增强。复合光催化剂的荧光强度显著降低,说明光生载流子复合得到了有效抑制。复合光催化剂催化性能的提高归因于p-n型异质结促进电荷有效分离、抑制电子-空穴复合和吸收光波长范围的扩展,相比单一成分材料具有更好的催化活性和稳定性。自由基捕获实验证明,可见光降解甲基橙光催化过程中的主要活性成分为空穴,并据此提出了可能的光催化机理。     

锌掺杂TiO_2的制备及其可见光催化性能

以钛酸纳米管[H2Ti2O2(OH)2,NTA]作为钛的前驱体、ZnCl2为锌源,采用水热法制备了锌掺杂的TiO2光催化剂;采用X射线衍射仪和透射电镜分析了催化剂产物的晶体结构和微观形貌;同时以亚甲基蓝为模型反应物,研究了锌掺杂量和水热温度对催化剂可见光光催化性能的影响.结果表明,水热温度为130℃,锌掺杂量为0.5%时,所得样品的光催化性能最佳.     

四氧化三铁包覆磷酸银复合光催化剂的可见光催化性能

利用沉淀法制备了四氧化三铁包覆的磷酸银高效可见光催化剂;采用X射线粉末衍射仪、固体紫外可见漫反射光谱仪及荧光光谱仪分析了催化剂的晶体结构和光学性质.与此同时,以光催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)为探针反应,对催化剂的可见光催化性能进行了考察.结果表明,Fe3O4负载量为2%(质量分数)的复合催化剂对MB的降解率在60min时几乎达到100%;但随着Fe3O4负载量的增加,催化剂的光催化活性有所下降.     

Carbon dioxide reduction under visible light: a comparison of cadmium sulfide and titania photocatalysts

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Photocatalytic activity of polyvinyl borate/titanium dioxide composites for UV light degradation of organic pollutants

In this study, it is aimed to prepare polyvinyl borate (PVB)/titanium dioxide (TiO₂) composites through the condensation reaction of polyvinyl alcohol and boric acid in the presence of TiO₂ nanoparticles. The scope of this study contains the photocatalytic activity of the prepared composites with varying TiO₂ content from 0 to 35 wt.% for the degradation of methylene blue in aqueous medium under UV light irradiation. The structure and morphological properties of the prepared composites were studied with FTIR, TGA, EDX, SEM and TEM analyses. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared samples was analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer measurements. In parallel with TiO₂ content up to 30 wt.%, the photocatalytic activity of PVB/TiO₂ composites was enhanced and the composites exhibited higher discoloration rate of the model dye, methylene blue.     

Photocatalytic and magnetic titanium dioxide/polystyrene/magnetite composite hybrid polymer particles

Novel multifunctional titanium dioxide (TiO₂)/polystyrene/magnetite composite hybrid polymer particle dispersions with TiO₂ nanoparticles in the surface and magnetite nanoparticles encapsulated inside the polymer matrix were produced by Pickering miniemulsion polymerization in one single step. Whereas TiO₂ nanoparticles were used to impart photocatalytic functionality and colloidal stability, magnetite nanoparticles were incorporated to allow an easy extraction for recovery and reuse of the composite multifunctional particles. The morphology of the composite particles was assessed by scanning transition electron microscopy (STEM) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). The paramagnetism of the particles was analyzed using a SQUID magnetometer and their photocatalytic activity was assessed by degrading methylene blue (MB) solutions under UV light and by recovering and reusing of the particles in five consecutive cycles. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 3350–3356     

Bactericidal performance of photocatalytic titanium dioxide particle mixture under ultraviolet and fluorescent light: an in vitro study

When ultraviolet (UV) light comes into contact with titanium dioxide (TiO₂), a variety of free radicals are released to provide a potent oxidizing power. Few reports are available, however, evaluating the bactericidal effects of TiO₂ particle under UV light and fluorescent light (FL) in the same line of research for clinical applications. In the present study, we set out to evaluate the in vitro photocatalytic bactericidal effects on Staphylococcus aureus, which is one of the most common pathogens of infectious disease, in an aqueous system of TiO₂ particles irradiated by UV and FL. A TiO₂ particle mixture containing 0.019 mg/ml of TiO₂ was prepared. A bacterial solution was added dropwise to the mixture, and the resulting product was irradiated by UV or FL light. The colony‐forming units were counted and the bacterial survival rate was calculated. Control samples maintained a relatively high bacterial survival rate. In the TiO₂ mixture group, however, the bacterial survival rate decreased steadily, reaching 9.4% after 60 min of exposure to UV light and 10.9% after 60 min of FL irradiation. Distributing the TiO₂ particles in a water mixture produces highly efficient light absorption and enables greater and more frequent adhesion with bacteria, allowing a high degree of photocatalytic antibacterial action. Although the quantity was inferior to UV, our TiO₂ particles were able to show effective bactericidal activity even under FL. The TiO₂ particle mixture is expected to prove effective in preventing postoperative infection. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

水热法合成多孔Ag_2S敏化二氧化钛催化剂及其可见光催化活性(英文)

Porous Ag2S sensitized TiO2 catalysts were synthesized by the hydrothermal process.The crystallization and porous structure of the Ag2S/TiO2 composite photocatalysts were investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis,UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,and N2 adsorption.The Ag2S/TiO2 composites were mainly composed of anatase TiO2 and acanthite Ag2S.The absorption edge wavelengths of TiO2 and the Ag2S/TiO2 composite prepared with 3 mmol Na2S.5H2O were 400 and 800 nm,respectively,that is,the absorption edge of the composite had a pronounced red shift.The photocatalytic activity under visible light was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.The photocatalytic activities under visible light of the Ag2S/TiO2 photocatalysts were much higher than that of TiO2.     

氮-硫共掺杂二氧化钛光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化活性

采用研磨煅烧法,以硫脲(TU)作为氮源和硫源,H2TiO3(HT)为TiO2的前驱体,制备了不同TU/HT比例的N,S共掺杂TiO2光催化剂(NS/TiO2);利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱仪、拉曼光谱仪、紫外-可见吸收光谱仪等分析了NS/TiO2的晶体结构、显微形貌、典型元素的化学状态以及光谱性质;利用BET法测定了NS/TiO2的比表面积,同时测定了其在可见光照下催化降解罗丹明B的活性.结果表明,当TU/HT质量比为0.5时,NS/TiO2的光催化活性最佳,光照70min时的罗丹明B降解率为44.4%.氮元素以NH3形式吸附在TiO2表面,硫元素以S6+形式存在,部分S6+取代Ti 4+的位置.与此同时N,S共掺杂使得TiO2的禁带宽度减小,可见光催化活性提高.     

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity of visible light driven chlorine-doped TiO2

A novel chlorine-doped titanium dioxide catalyst with visible light response was prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate in hydrochloric acid. The catalyst samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). Results showed that the doped element of Cl lowered the temperatures of phase transformation of TiO₂ from amorphous to anatase and from anatase to rutile. The absorption edge of chlorine-doped TiO₂ calcined at 300°C shifted to visible light region. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results proved that chlorine existed in the TiO₂ crystal lattice as anion. The photocatalytic degradation of phenol showed that under visible light (λ > 400 nm) irradiation, the chlorine-doped TiO₂ calcined at 300°C displayed the best performance, the degradation ratio of phenol was 42.5% after 120 min. Translated from Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2006, 27(10): 890–894 [译自: 催化学报]