基于灰度差异几何特征的角点检测

为了能在模糊或有噪声的图像中直接检测角点,提出了一种对比多尺度下灰度差异几何特征和搜索局部灰度最大权值的角点检测方法。该方法根据图像中角点位置的灰度差异,采用多尺度圆形检测器遍历图像,对比不同尺度下检测器所得到的几何参数来初步确定角点位置并剔除边缘附近的伪角点;根据局部灰度权值最大原则去除由于圆形检测器的离散性而聚集在真角点周围伪角点,并确定角点的最终位置。实验结果表明,相对于传统算法,该方法能够在对噪声或模糊图像不做预处理的情况下检测出角点。     

快速SUSAN-Laplace角点算法

提出了一种新的SUSAN-Laplace角点算子。新算子首先使用拉普拉斯-高斯核对图像进行卷积,并将图像转换为二值或三值图像,然后使用SUSAN算子检测角点。这样既快速又具有SUSAN算子的位置精确性。SUSAN- Laplace角子具有较好的旋转、仿射、光照、尺度和噪声不变性,其计算速度也较快,比Harris角点快1.5倍,比SUSAN角点快6倍。应用中SUSAN-Laplace角子有一种快速算法,快速算法在计算拉普拉斯-高斯卷积时使用移位运算代替全部乘除法运算,能进一步提高计算速度。SUSAN-Laplace角子较其它角点算法能产生更丰富的角点,应用到SIFT算法中可提高对小目标的识别能力。     

零件的角点提取及匹配定位

本文基于三坐标测量机(CMM)设计了一套视觉检测系统,该系统能够对零件实际空间特征信息进行比较全面地提取。针对位于CMM平台上带有角点的零件,利用Harris算子提取从CMM三个不同方位获取的零件图像的角点。对于Harris算子提取到的角点,本文提出一种八链码搜索法和SUSAN区域法相结合的伪角点剔除方法,最后基于立体视觉的原理,提出"距离空间图"匹配算法,将以上3幅图像一一建立匹配关系。实验中多次改变零件在CMM中姿态时,多次实验数据表明本文的角点提取精度与真实角点间仅存在1~2像素的偏差,零件的定位误差为1~3 mm。通过实验验证,角点匹配和定位的稳定性和精度满足要求,具有一定的抗干扰性和实用性。     

一种有效的指纹细节特征提取算法的研究

针对常规指纹细节特征提取算法不足的问题,提出了一种有效的指纹细节特征提取算法,即在细化图像上直接提取原始细节特征点,得到初步的特征提取结果,然后根据图像的伪特征点分布规律,将伪特征点删除,最终保留真实的特征点集。实验结果表明,此算法能有效消除各类伪特征点并且有效地减少计算时间。     

针对标定图像中Harris伪角点的自动修正算法

针对Harris算子在提取标定图像中的特征点时可能出现的伪角点,提出了一种新的自动修正算法.通过对伪角点邻域内图像进行X和Y两个方向上的一维亚像素扫描,然后用基于正交距离的直线或曲线拟合算法计算两条边缘线条,最后用两边缘线条的交点来估计正确角点位置.本文对机器视觉标定中的棋盘格图像进行大量实验,结果证明该方法具有较好的鲁棒性,达到了预期的两个目的:1)修正图像中的伪角点;2)得到高准确度的亚像素角点.     

针对标定图像中Harris伪角点的自动修正算法

针对Harris算子在提取标定图像中的特征点时可能出现的伪角点,提出了一种新的自动修正算法.通过对伪角点邻域内图像进行X和Y两个方向上的一维亚像素扫描,然后用基于正交距离的直线或曲线拟合算法计算两条边缘线条,最后用两边缘线条的交点来估计正确角点位置.本文对机器视觉标定中的棋盘格图像进行大量实验,结果证明该方法具有较好的鲁棒性,达到了预期的两个目的:1)修正图像中的伪角点;2)得到高准确度的亚像素角点.     

基于改进Harris角点算法的摄像机标定技术研究

针对传统的Harris焦点提取算法对噪声敏感,执行效率低等不足,提出了一种改进的Harris焦点提取方法。以Harris焦点提取算法为基础,通过优化角点响应函数,消除系数 K,提高焦点提取算法的执行效率。采用改进的 Harris 算法对黑白棋盘表格进行内角点提取,利用张正友摄像机标定法计算USB摄像机的内外参数。实验结果证明了该方法可以有效的对黑白棋盘格内角点进行提取,准确高效,提高了摄像机的标定精度和准确性,是一种可行的摄像机标定方法。     

结合Harris与SIFT算子的图像快速配准算法

本文提出了一种结合Harris与SIFT算子的快速图像配准方法。首先,对Harris算法进行两方面的改进:一是构建高斯尺度空间,提取具有尺度不变性的角点特征;二是采用Forsnter算子对提取的角点精定位,提高配准精度。然后,利用SIFT算子的特征描述方法描述提取到的特征点,通过随机kd树算法对两幅影像的特征点进行匹配。最后采用RANSAC算法对匹配点对进行提纯,并通过最小二乘法估计两幅影像间的空间变换单应矩阵,完成图像配准。实验结果表明:本文方法在基本保持配准精度的同时,在配准过程的时间消耗上比标准SIFT算法减少了64%。     

基于法线引导的激光中心线提取方法

在线结构光三维测量系统中,高精度激光条纹中心线提取是提高测量精度的关键。针对现有激光中心线存在提取精度不高、保留细节差等问题,提出了一种基于法线引导的激光中心线提取算法。该算法具体实现步骤为:首先,对图像进行预处理,结合边缘检测和几何中心法对激光线初步提取;然后,用主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)求取其法线,在激光中心点处划分角度八邻域,通过法线角度引导搜寻有效点集;最后,利用灰度重心法对点集进行亚像素提取。实验结果表明:该算法均方根误差与灰度重心法相比提高了0.233 9像素,比Steger算法、方向模板法更好地保留了光条细节,可以更精确地提取光条中心,达到亚像素级的精度。     

一种改进的SUSAN角点提取方法

针对基本SUSAN算法存在漏检测、处理速度慢以及容易产生伪角点等问题,提出了一种改进的SUSAN角点提取算法。首先对图像的像素点按边缘点、内部点和背景点进行分类,在此基础上只对边缘点进行SUSAN算法处理,然后检查已经提取到的所有角点,剔除同一区域范围内的伪角点,从而实现对大部分角点的快速、准确提取。实验结果表明,该算法的运算速度比改进前提高约一倍,能够较准确地检测到目标角点。     

一种基于特征不变描述的图像无缝拼接算法

针对尺度变化不明显场景的拼接,提出一种基于特征不变描述的图像无缝拼接算法.利用Harris特征检测算子进行特征点提取,在此基础上对提取出的特征点采用SIFT描述子进行处理,使其具备旋转不变性,然后利用k-d树算法进行遍历搜索定位,并用RANSAC算法进行图像间单应性变换矩阵计算,最后利用加权平均的融合方法进行图像无缝平滑,得到无缝拼接图像.实验结果表明:该算法在图像任意角度旋转的情况下,能有效地实现图像无缝拼接,并具有较强的鲁棒性.     

A novel algorithm in buildings/shadow detection based on Harris detector

A novel method based on corner detectors is proposed in detecting shadow and buildings in this paper. Its most outstanding point is employing Harris corner detector in region-based detection, despite that Harris detector traditionally used to select pixels as final results. Different densities of buildings are generally influenced by different features for recognition. First time, images are self-grouped into two groups according to the distribution of buildings, and two specifical algorithms are ready for detection specifically. A region-based method is used in comparison with our algorithm, and the results indicate that the new idea works not only more robustly, but also more effectively. It is a fast and simple method, which needs average 3.28 × 10⁻⁵ s to run per square image.     

Fingerprint image enhancement using multi-scale DDFB based diffusion filters and modified Hong filters

The main task of a fingerprint image enhancement is to enhance the image in such a way that it not only remove the noise but also enhance the reliable minutiae points. For this purpose, in this paper we propose a multi-scale decimation-free directional filter bank method for reliable orientation estimation. This reliable orientation is used in coherence enhancement diffusion and in Gabor filter based enhancement, which overcomes the drawbacks of these two methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method not only enhances the images but also facilitates the minutiae algorithm, by enhancing the true minutiae points.     

Corners detection on finger vein images using the improved Harris algorithm

An improved Harris corner detection algorithm is proposed based on Barron operator, since Harris corner detection algorithm has a poor accuracy in positioning complex corner detection and may miss certain real corners. Firstly, the image gradient is calculated by using Barron operator to reduce the calculation errors from Prewitt operator or Sobel operator. Secondly, the centre B-spline function is used to smooth image, filter noise, and retain the corners information better. Thirdly, a non-maximal inhibition and corners sieving method is used to determine whether the detected corners are real corners or not. A square window is centered at the pixel and eliminate the corner if the value of the corner response function is non-maximal in the window. And then divide the test image into several blocks so as to process each block independently, and use a cyclic iterative method to determine the threshold value to make sure that the real corners are accurately selected. Finally, experiments indicate the algorithm has relatively great noise proof ability and is able to extract complex corners effectively.     

基于混沌与位平面的图像置乱方法

根据混沌序列良好的随机性及灰度图像可分成若干位平面二值图的特点,提出了将混沌二值序列与位平面图像异或运算进行置乱,将置乱后的位平面图重新组合成灰度图,以此达到灰度图像置乱的效果。仿真结果表明,基于混沌与位平面的图像置乱方法可有效地使图像灰度值均匀化。     

Top-hat by reconstruction operators based multi-scale multi-structuring element method for multiple linear feature detection with simple post-processing

To efficiently extract all the possible linear features in image, a multi-scale multi-structuring element top-hat by reconstruction operator based algorithm with simple post-processing is proposed in this paper. Multi-scale top-hat by reconstruction operator using multi-scale structuring elements is discussed, firstly. Also, through importing multi-structuring elements with linear shapes at different directions, multi-scale multi-structuring element top-hat by reconstruction operator for linear feature extraction is shown. By using the multi-scales of multi-structuring elements, the method of extracting all the possible linear feature regions in an image is proposed. After extracting the linear feature regions, the final detected linear features, which are expressed as lines with different shapes and lengths, are obtained through image binarisation and refinement. Experimental results on different types of images show that, the proposed algorithm is efficient for linear feature detection and could be widely used in different applications related to multiple linear feature detection.     

On the robustness of Harris detector in image watermarking attacks

This paper investigates the misplacement issue presented on the detection of feature points by using the well-known Harris detector, under several watermarking attacks. Harris detector, as a powerful tool in finding image's points of high importance, called “interest points”, has been widely used to locate specific image portions where watermarks are embedded, according to some watermarking insertion procedure. Although Harris detector constitutes a significant part of a typical feature-based watermarking process, no work dealing with its performance under certain attacks has been reported yet. This work studies the accuracy of Harris detector in finding the feature points, which define the watermarked regions of attacked images, firstly as an individual processing module and secondly as a part of a feature-based watermarking methodology. Detailed theoretical analysis followed by appropriate simulation experiments has shown that the incorporation of the Harris detector into the watermarking procedure presents misplacement issues that can lead the watermarking algorithm to unreliable results. In the way of decreasing these misplacement errors, a novel algorithm that extracts more stable interest points, with promising performance is also proposed.     

基于局部光流约束的角点匹配算法

提出了一种基于局部光流约束的角点匹配算法。首先采用Harris算子获得当前帧和参考帧的角点,然后以角点的光流特征作为约束条件,根据两帧图像角点集的坐标分布,排除异常角点,完成角点的精确匹配,实现图像之间的高精度运动估计。通过对视频序列进行实验,采用差图法可主观地发现该运动估计算法的有效性;以峰值信噪比作为评价指标,发现原始视频序列的帧间峰值信噪比明显低于仿射视频序列的帧间峰值信噪比。前者的平均值为22.8072,后者的平均值为33.3854,从而客观地说明了该算法的有效性和稳定性。