Synthesis of 3-(3″-Aminobenzoylamido)-1-(2′,4′,6′-trichlorophenyl)pyrazol-5-one,an Intermediate in the Synthesis of the Purple Component of Color Photographic Materials

Catalytic reduction of 3-(3″-nitrobenzoylamido)-1-(2′,4′,6′-trichlorophenyl)pyrazol-5-one with hydrogen and hydrazine hydrate to 3-(3″-aminobenzoylamido)-1-(2′,4′,6′-trichlorophenyl)pyrazol-5-one, the key intermediate in the synthesis of the purple component of color photographic and motion-picture materials, was studied.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 2, 2005, pp. 284–286.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Yutilov, Smolyar, Minkina.     

Synthesis and Functionalization of 3-Ethylquinoxalin-2(1<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-one

A new and effective procedure was developed for the synthesis of 3-ethylquinoxalin-2(1H)-one from o-phenylenediamine and ethyl 2-oxobutanoate. The latter was prepared by the Grignard reaction of diethyl oxalate with ethylmagnesium bromide or iodide. The ethyl group in 3-ethylquinoxalin-2(1H)-one can readily be converted into various functional groups: α-bromoethyl, α-thiocyanato, α-azidoethyl, α-phenylaminoethyl, acetyl, and bromoacetyl. The reaction of 3-(bromoacetyl)quinoxalin-2(1H)-one with thiourea and hydrazine-1,2-dicarbothioamide gives the corresponding 3-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl) derivatives.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 4, 2005, pp. 609–616.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Mamedov, Kalinin, Gubaidullin, Isaikina, Litvinov.     

Reaction of Phenylmalonyl Dichloride with 3-Phenylpropynamide and Transformations of the Product by the Action of Some Nucleophiles

Phenylmalonyl dichloride reacted with 3-phenylpropynamide to give 4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2-phenylethynyl-6H-1,3-oxazin-6-one. Treatment of the latter with hydrazine afforded 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-triazole. Reactions of 4-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2-phenylethynyl-6H-1,3-oxazin-6-one with methanol and ethanol led to formation of the corresponding malonamic acid esters. The structure of the products was proved by the ¹H and ¹³C NMR and IR spectra, quantum-chemical calculations (PM3, MNDO, MINDO3), and some chemical transformations.__________Translated from Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, Vol. 75, No. 5, 2005, pp. 815–819.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Komarov, Yakovlev, Zakhs, Prep’yalov.     

Synthesis of New 3-Phenoxypropan-2-ols with Various Heterocyclic Substituents

1-Phenoxy-3-piperidinopropan-2-ol, 1-(5-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-3-phenoxypropan-2-ol, 1-(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)azepan-2-one, 1,1′-(6-chloro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylimino)bis(3-phenoxypropan-2-ol), 1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-3-phenoxypropan-2-ol, 1,1′-(piperazine-1,4-diyl)bis(3-phenoxypropan-2-ol), and 1,3-bis(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)barbituric acid were synthesized by condensation of 1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxypropane with the corresponding amines and thiols.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2005, pp. 70–72.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Mesropyan, Ambartsumyan, Avetisyan, Galstyan, Arutyunova.     

Reaction of Some Terpenoids with Malononitrile in the Presence of Hydrotalcite

α-Ionone and 5,5,8-trimethyl-3,7-nonadien-2-one react with malononitrile in the presence of specially prepared hydrotalcite to afford the corresponding Knoevenagel condensation products with high yield and selectivity.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 6, 2005, pp. 859–863.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Khomenko, Volcho, Toktarev, Echevskii, Salakhutdinov, Barkhash.     

The In Vitro Anti-Cancer Activities and Mechanisms of Action of 9-Methoxycanthin-6-one from Eurycoma longifolia in Selected Cancer Cell Lines

An alkaloid compound from the hairy root culture of Eurycoma longifolia has been isolated and characterised as 9-methoxycanthin-6-one. The aims of these studies were to investigate the in vitro anti-cancer activities of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one against ovarian cancer (A2780, SKOV-3), breast cancer (MCF-7), colorectal cancer (HT29), skin cancer (A375) and cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines by using a Sulphorhodamine B assay, and to evaluate the mechanisms of action of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one via the Hoechst 33342 assay and proteomics approach. The results had shown that 9-methoxycanthin-6-one gave IC₅₀ values of 4.04 ± 0.36 µM, 5.80 ± 0.40 µM, 15.09 ± 0.99 µM, 3.79 ± 0.069 µM, 5.71 ± 0.20 µM and 4.30 ± 0.27 µM when tested in A2780, SKOV-3, MCF-7, HT-29, A375 and HeLa cell lines, respectively. It was found that 9-methoxycanthin-6-one induced apoptosis in a concentration dependent manner when analysed via the Hoechst 33342 assay. 9-methoxycanthine-6-one were found to affect the expressions of apoptotic-related proteins, that were proteins pyruvate kinase (PKM), annexin A2 (ANXA2), galectin 3 (LGAL3), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNP1A1), peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from the differential analysis of 2-DE profiles between treated and non-treated 9-methoxycanthine-6-one. Proteins such as acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 2 (ACAA2), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A1), capping protein (CAPG), eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 (EEF1A1), malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), and triosephosphate isomerase 1 (TPI1) were also identified to be associated with A2780 cell death induced by 9-methoxycanthine-6-one. These findings may provide a new insight on the mechanisms of action of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one in exerting its anti-cancer effects in vitro.     

Synthesis of Mesityl Oxide π-Complexes with Metals of Chromium Subgroup and with Iron. Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Ligand Dissociation Energy

At the use of photochemical and thermochemical activation new π-complexes of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten were prepared containing in the coordination sphere η²- and η⁴-molecules of 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one. Nonempirical methods were applied to calculation of the energy parameters of the coordinated molecules, and the factors governing the η²- and η⁴-coordination of the oxodiene system were established. A thermochemical study was performed on the 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one η⁴-coordination product with carbonyl metal core. A scheme of the thermal decomposition was suggested for the iron (0) η ⁴-(4-methyl-3-penten-2-one)tricarbonyl.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 5, 2005, pp. 665–671.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Kuramshin, Kuramshina, Cherkasov.     

A novel ring contraction: 3β-methyl-A-nor-5β-cholestan-5-ol-6-one from 3β-tosyloxy-5α-cholestane-5,6β-diol through an ene reaction of an unsaturated acyloin

A by-product of the reaction of 3β-tosyloxy-5α-cholestane-5,6β-diol with , 3β-methyl-A-nor-5β-cholestan-5-ol-6-one, is believed to arise from the intramolecular ene reaction of 4,5-seco-cholest-3-en-6β-ol-5-one.     

Synthesis of 5-Hydroxy-1,3-benzoxathiol-2-one and 2-Amino-1,3-benzothiazol-6-ol Derivatives from Chrysenequinonecarboxylic Acid

Diterpenoid 5-hydroxy-1,3-benzoxathiol-2-one and 2-amino-1,3-benzothiazol-6-ol derivatives were synthesized by reaction of methyl chrysenequinonecarboxylate with thiourea.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 6, 2005, pp. 849–852.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Tret’yakova, Flekhter, Galin, Shul’ts, Tolstikov.     

Halogenation of Imidazo[4,5-<Emphasis Type="Italic">b</Emphasis>]pyridin-2-one Derivatives

Chlorination and bromination of 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-one and its N-methyl-substituted derivatives in acetic acid at 90–95°C leads to formation of the corresponding 5,6-dichloro(dibromo)-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones. Iodination of the same substrates with ICl under analogous conditions yields 6-iodo derivatives. Chlorination of 6-iodo-1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-one is accompanied by replacement of the iodine atom by chlorine with formation of 5,6-dichloro-1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-one. Bromination of 6-bromo- and 6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones gives 5,6-dibromo- and 5-bromo-6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones, respectively.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 4, 2005, pp. 586–589.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Yutilov, Lopatinskaya, Smolyar, Gres’ko.     

Preparation of Complexes η<Superscript>4</Superscript>-4-(1,3-Diphenyl-2-propen-1-one)-η<Superscript>3</Superscript>-3-(1,3,5-triorganyl-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane)carbonyltungsten(0) and Their Reactions with Diethyl Phosphite

New tungsten complexes were prepared of a composition η³-[(1,3,5-triorganyl)-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane]-tricarbonyltungsten(0) where a tridentate coordination of the triazinane fragment to the metal center was found. The reaction of tricarbonyltriazinane tungsten complexes with 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one (chalcone) under thermochemical activation resulted in replacement of two carbon monoxide molecules in the coordination sphere of tungsten by a chalcone molecule linked to the transition metal atom through a system of π-bonds C=C and C=O. The phosphorylation of η⁴-(1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one)-η³-[(1,3,5-triphenyl)-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane]-monocarbonyltungsten(0) with diethyl phosphite occurred at the carbonyl group of the coordinated heterodiene; the phosphonate thus formed underwent intracomplex phosphonate-phosphate rearrangement affording an organometallic phosphate.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 5, 2005, pp. 793–797.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Kuramshin, Asafyeva, Cherkasov.     

Palladium-Catalyzed Amination and Amidation of Benzo-Fused Bromine-Containing Heterocycles

Amination and amidation of bromoindole, 6-bromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazol-1-one, and 8-bromo-2,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazino[3,2,1-jk]carbazole derivatives was effected in the presence of palladium complexes. The use of the catalytic system Pd₂dba₃⋅CHCl₃-2-[di(tert-butyl)phosphino]biphenyl in the amination and of Pd₂dba₃⋅CHCl₃-Xantphos [or 3,5-(CF₃)₂Xantphos] in the amidation ensured moderate to high yields of the corresponding products.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 6, 2005, pp. 881–894.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Sergeev, Artamkina, Velezheva, Fedorova, Beletskaya.     

Synthesis of the Promising Chiral Synthon Isopropyl-4<Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>-Methyl-6-Iodohexanoate from L-(-)-Menthol

A synthesis of the promising optically pure synthon isopropyl-4R-methyl-6-iodohexanoate based on ozonolytic transformation of the product of regiospecific dehydratation of L-(-)-menthol, (R)-p-menth-3-ene, into 2,6R-dimethyl-8-hydroxyoctan-3-one was proposed.__________Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 33–36, January–February, 2005.     

Isobutyraldehyde in the Synthesis of Isopropyl-substituted 4H-Pyrans, 1,4-Dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, 1,4-Dihydropyridines, and Cyclobutane

Condensation of isobutyraldehyde with CH acids, such as acetoacetanilide, dimedone, acetoacetamide, ethyl benzoylacetate, resorcinol, cyanoacetic acid, malononitrile, 3-methyl-1-ethyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one, benzoylacetone, and cyanoacetamide, in the presence of amines gave isopropyl-substituted 4H-pyrans, 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, 4H-benzo[b]pyranes, 1,4-dihydropyridines, and 1,1-dicyano-2-(1-cyano-1-ethoxycarbonyl)methyl-4-isopropyl-3,3-dimethylcyclobutane. The structure of the latter product was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis.__________Translated from Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, Vol. 75, No. 6, 2005, pp. 1007–1016.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Dyachenko, Chernega.     

Investigation of the Anticancer Effect of α-Aminophosphonates and Arylidine Derivatives of 3-Acetyl-1-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one on the DMBA Model of Breast Cancer in Albino Rats with In Silico Prediction of Their Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitory Effect

Breast cancer is a major cause of death in women worldwide. In this study, 60 female rats were classified into 6 groups; negative control, α-aminophosphonates, arylidine derivatives of 3-acetyl-1-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one, DMBA, DMBA & α-aminophosphonates, and DMBA & arylidine derivatives of 3-acetyl-1-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one. New α-aminophosphonates and arylidine derivatives of 3-acetyl-1-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one were synthesized and elucidated by different spectroscopic and elemental analysis. Histopathological examination showed marked proliferation of cancer cells in the DMBA group. Treatment with α-aminophosphonates mainly decreased tumor mass. Bcl2 expression increased in DMBA-administered rats and then declined in the treated groups, mostly with α-aminophosphonates. The level of CA15-3 markedly declined in DMBA groups treated with α-aminophosphonates and arylidine derivatives of 3-acetyl-1-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one. Gene expression of GST-P, PCNA, PDK, and PIK3CA decreased in the DMBA group treated with α-aminophosphonates and arylidine derivatives of 3-acetyl-1-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one, whereas PIK3R1 and BAX increased in the DMBA group treated with α-aminophosphonates and arylidine derivatives of 3-acetyl-1-aminoquinolin-2(1H)-one. The molecular docking postulated that the investigated compounds can inhibt the Thymidylate synthase TM due to high hydrophobicity charachter.     

Polyfunctional Derivatives of Isocytosine. Effect of Hydration on Prototropic Tautomerism of 2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino-6-methylpyrimidin-4(3<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-one

Hydration of 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-6-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one forms an equilibrium mixture of 4-oxo-3,4-dihydro and 4-hydroxy tautomers. The intermediate in mutual transitions of these tautomers has a zwitter ionic structure. The equilibrium shifts to the 4-oxo-3,4-dihydro form as the polarity of the medium decreases.__________Translated from Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, Vol. 75, No. 4, 2005, pp. 677–682.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Erkin, Krutikov.     

Schiff Bases Derived from 6-Amino-2<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-chromen-2-one. Synthesis and <Superscript>1</Superscript>H NMR Spectra

A number of 6-arylmethylideneamino-2H-chromen-2-ones were synthesized by reaction of 6-amino-2H-chromen-2-one with aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes. A linear relation was revealed between the chemical shifts of the azomethine CH=N proton and protons in the chromene ring, on the one hand, and Hammett constants σ of the para substituents, on the other. Formation of intramolecular hydrogen bond in ortho-hydroxy derivatives induces a downfield shift of signals from protons in positions 3–5, 7, and 8 and CH=N proton (9-H) and upfield shift of the o-H signal (14-H).__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 7, 2005, pp. 1085–1091.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Ganushchak, Kobrin, Bilaya, Mizyuk.     

Cyclopropanation of 3-(2-Oxo-2<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-chromen-3-yl-carbonyl)-2<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-chromen-2-one with Zinc Enolates Derived from 1-Aryl-2,2-dibromoalkanones

Zinc enolates derived from 1-aryl-2,2-dibromoalkanones react with 3-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-ylcarbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one to give 1-alkyl-1-aroyl-1a-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-ylcarbonyl)-1a, 7b-dihydrocyclopropa[c]-chromen-2(1H)-ones as a single stereoisomer.__________Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2005, pp. 131–133.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Shchepin, Russkikh, Uzun, Silaichev.     

Formation of bicyclic adducts in the reactions of fluorinated 2,4-cyclohexadien-1-ones with 2-carboxyhenzenediazonium

Benzyne generated during the decomposition of 2-carboxybenzenediazonium interacts with 6-chloro-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro-2,4-cyclohexadien-1-one, 6-chloro-2,4,5,6-tetrafluoro-3-methoxy-2,4-cyclohexadien-1-one, 6-chloro-2,4,5,6-tetrafluoro-3-(pentafluorophenoxy)-2,4-cyclohexadien-1-one, and perfluoro-6-phenoxy-2,4-cyclohexadien-1-one to form [4+2]-cycloaddition products. The latter are easily converted to 1-naphthylacetic acid derivatives by the action of O- and N-nucleophiles.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1634–1637, September, 1994.This work was carried out with the financial support of the International Science Foundation (Project No. Ch₂-6713-0925).     

Synthesis of 5-Alkyl(aryl)-2-alkylsulfanyl(alkoxy)-4-hydroxy-6H-1,3-oxazin-6-ones

Alkyl carbamates and S-alkyl thiocarbamates react with substituted malonyl dichlorides in boiling benzene to give the corresponding 2,5-substituted 4-hydroxy-6H-1,3-oxazin-6-ones. The reaction of S-methyl thiocarbamate with unsubstituted malonyl dichloride in boiling diethyl ether or benzene leads to formation of S-methyl (3-methylsulfanylaminocarbonyl-3-oxopropionyl)thiocarbamate and is not accompanied by cyclization, whereas in boiling toluene 4-hydroxy-2-methylsulfanyl-6H-1,3-oxazin-6-one is obtained.__________Translated from Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, Vol. 75, No. 3, 2005, pp. 468–472.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Lalaev, Yakovlev, Zakhs.