Harmonic maps into loop spaces of compact Lie groups

We study harmonic maps from Riemann surfaces M to the loop spaces ΩG of compact Lie groups G, using the twistor approach. We conjecture that harmonic maps of the Riemann sphere ℂℙ¹ into ΩG are related to Yang-Mills G-fields on ℝ⁴. This work was partly supported by the RFBR (Grant Nos. 04-01-00236, 06-02-04012), by the program of Support of Scientific Schools (Grant No. 1542.2003.1), and by the Scientific Program of RAS “Nonlinear Dynamics”     

Embedding Certain Infinitely Connected Subsets of Bordered Riemann Surfaces Properly into ℂ2

We prove that certain infinitely connected domains D in a bordered Riemann surface, which admits a holomorphic embedding into C ², admit a proper holomorphic embedding into C ². We also prove that certain infinitely connected open subsets D⊂ℂ admit a proper holomorphic embedding into ℂ².      

Characterizations of G-tube domains

Let G be a real connected Lie group for which the universal complexification G ^ℂ has a polar decomposition G ^ℂ≅G exp(i?), where ? denotes the Lie algebra of G. The present paper is concerned with Riemann G-domains over the complex group G ^ℂ viewed as a G-manifold via the left multiplication. Such a Riemann domain X is said to be of Reinhardt type if G contains a discrete cocompact subgroup $\Gamma$ for whichG/Γ is a Stein manifold. Here the following is proved: Every Riemann G-domain of Reinhardt type is schlicht, hence a G-tube domain, i.e., a G-invariant subdomain of G ^ℂ. As an application one obtains conditions for a holomorphically separable G-manifold to be a G-tube domain. Received: 22 October 1998     

Realisierungen des idealen Randes einer Riemannschen Fläche unter konformen Abschließungen

Let a noncompact Riemann surface R of positive finite genus g be given. If f : R → R′ is a conformal mapping of R into a compact Riemann surface R′ of genus g, we have a realization of the ideal boundary of R on the surface R′. We consider (for the fixed R) all the possible R′ and the associated conformal mappings, and study how large the realized boundary can be. To this aim we pass to the (common) universal space ℂ ^g of the Jacobi variety of any R′ and show that the image sets of the ideal boundary of R in ℂ ^g are uniformly bounded.

     

Noncommutative unitons

By Uhlenbeck’s results, every harmonic map from the Riemann sphere S² to the unitary group U(n) decomposes into a product of so-called unitons: special maps from S² to the Grassmannians Gr _k(ℂⁿ) ⊂ U(n) satisfying certain systems of first-order differential equations. We construct a noncommutative analogue of this factorization, applicable to those solutions of the noncommutative unitary sigma model that are finite-dimensional perturbations of zero-energy solutions. In particular, we prove that the energy of each such solution is an integer multiple of 8π, give examples of solutions that are not equivalent to Grassmannian solutions, and study the realization of non-Grassmannian zero modes of the Hessian of the energy functional by directions tangent to the moduli space of solutions. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 154, No. 2, pp. 220–239, February, 2008.     

The Moduli of Quasi-Homogeneous Stein Surface Singularities

In this article we study good ℂ^* actions on Stein surfaces and we construct their moduli by means of the resolution data of the dicritical singularity of the action. We also classify ℂ^* transversal actions around a Riemann surface embedded in a two dimensional manifold.      

Recognizing unstable equidimensional maps, and the number of stable projections of algebraic hypersurfaces

We study the recognition of -classes of multi-germs in families of corank-1 maps from n-space into n-space. From these recognition conditions we deduce certain geometric properties of bifurcation sets of such families of maps. As applications we give a formula for the number of -codimension-1 classes of corank-1 multi-germs from ℂ ⁿ to ℂ ⁿ and an upper bound for the number of stable projections of algebraic hypersurfaces in ℝ ^{n +1} into hyperplanes. Received: 23 July 1998     

On Levi-flat hypersurfaces with given boundary in ℂ<Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Superscript>

Let S ⊂ ℂ ⁿ be a compact connected 2-codimensional submanifold. If n ⩾ 3, essentially local conditions and the assumption: every complex point of S is elliptic imply the existence of a projection in ℂ ⁿ of a Levi-flat (2n−1)-subvariety whose boundary is S (Dolbeault, Tomassini, Zaitsev, 2005). We extend the result when S is homeomorphic to a sphere and has one hyperbolic point. For n = 2 many results are known since the 1980’s and a new result with a very technical hypothesis is announced. Dedicated to Professor LU QiKeng on the occasion of his 80th birthday     

Certain 4-manifolds with non-negative sectional curvature

In this paper, we study certain compact 4-manifolds with non-negative sectional curvature K. If s is the scalar curvature and W. is the self-dual part of Weyl tensor, then it will be shown that there is no metric g on S ^• × S ^• with both (i) K > 0 and (ii) ÷ s − W _• ⩾ 0. We also investigate other aspects of 4-manifolds with non-negative sectional curvature. One of our results implies a theorem of Hamilton: “If a simply-connected, closed 4-manifold M^• admits a metric g of non-negative curvature operator, then M^• is one of S^•, ℂP^• and S^•×S^•”. Our method is different from Hamilton’s and is much simpler. A new version of the second variational formula for minimal surfaces in 4-manifolds is proved.      

Harmonic maps into loop spaces of compact Lie groups

We study harmonic maps from Riemann surfaces M to the loop spaces ΩG of compact Lie groups G, using the twistor approach. Harmonic maps into loop spaces are of special interest because of their relation to the Yang-Mills equations on ℝ⁴. __________ Translated from Sovremennaya Matematika. Fundamental’nye Napravleniya (Contemporary Mathematics. Fundamental Directions), Vol. 16, Differential and Functional Differential Equations. Part 2, 2006.     

Non-Autonomous basins of attraction and their boundaries

We study whether the basin of attraction of a sequence of automorphisms of ℂ ^{k is biholomorphic to} ℂ ^{k. In particular, we show that given any sequence of automorphisms with the same attracting fixed point, the basin is biholomorphic to} ℂ ^{k, if every map is iterated sufficiently many times. We also construct Fatou-Bieberbach domains in} ℂ² whose boundaries are four-dimensional.     

A minimal triangulation of complex projective plane admitting a chess colouring of four-dimensional simplices

We construct and study a new 15-vertex triangulation X of the complex projective plane ℂP². The automorphism group of X is isomorphic to S ₄ × S ₃. We prove that the triangulation X is the minimal (with respect to the number of vertices) triangulation of ℂP² admitting a chess colouring of four-dimensional simplices. We provide explicit parametrizations for the simplices of X and show that the automorphism group of X can be realized as a group of isometries of the Fubini-Study metric. We find a 33-vertex subdivision $ \bar X $ \bar X of the triangulation X such that the classical moment mapping μ: ℂP² → Δ² is a simplicial mapping of the triangulation $ \bar X $ \bar X onto the barycentric subdivision of the triangle Δ². We study the relationship of the triangulation X with complex crystallographic groups.     

Preimages of CR submanifolds with generic holomorphic maps

We investigate the notion of CR transversality of a generic holomorphic map f: ℂ ⁿ → ℂ ^m to a smooth CR submanifold M of ℂ ^m . We construct a stratification of the set of non-CR transversal points in the preimage M′ = f ⁻¹ (M) by smooth submanifolds, consisting of points where the CR dimension of M′ is constant. We show the existence of a Whitney stratification for sets which are locally diffeomorphic to the product of an open set and an analytic set. Work on this paper was supported by ARRS, Republic of Slovenia.     

Special points on products of two Shimura curves

Let S ₁ and S ₂ be two Shimura curves over ℚ attached to rational indefinite quaternion algebras B _{1 ℚ} and B _{1 ℚ} with maximal orders B ₁ and B ₂ respectively. We consider an irreducible closed algebraic curve C in the product (S ₁×S ₂)_ℂ such that C(ℂ) ∩ (S ₁×S ₂)(ℂ) contains infinitely many complex multiplication points. We prove, assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH) for imaginary quadratic fields, that C is of Hodge type. Received: 3 January 2000 / Revised version: 2 October 2000     

Minimal entropy and collapsing with curvature bounded from below

We show that if a closed manifold M admits an ℱ-structure (not necessarily polarized, possibly of rank zero) then its minimal entropy vanishes. In particular, this is the case if M admits a non-trivial S ¹-action. As a corollary we obtain that the simplicial volume of a manifold admitting an ℱ-structure is zero.?We also show that if M admits an ℱ-structure then it collapses with curvature bounded from below. This in turn implies that M collapses with bounded scalar curvature or, equivalently, its Yamabe invariant is non-negative.?We show that ℱ-structures of rank zero appear rather frequently: every compact complex elliptic surface admits one as well as any simply connected closed 5-manifold.?We use these results to study the minimal entropy problem. We show the following two theorems: suppose that M is a closed manifold obtained by taking connected sums of copies of S ⁴, ℂP ², ²,S ²×S ²and the K3 surface. Then M has zero minimal entropy. Moreover, M admits a smooth Riemannian metric with zero topological entropy if and only if M is diffeomorphic to S ⁴,ℂP ²,S ²×S ²,ℂP ²#  ² or ℂP ²# ℂP ². Finally, suppose that M is a closed simply connected 5-manifold. Then M has zero minimal entropy. Moreover, M admits a smooth Riemannian metric with zero topological entropy if and only if M is diffeomorphic to S ⁵,S ³×S ², then on trivial S ³-bundle over S ² or the Wu-manifold SU(3)/SO(3). Oblatum 13-III-2002 & 12-VIII-2002?Published online: 8 November 2002 G.P. Paternain was partially supported by CIMAT, Guanajuato, México.?J. Petean is supported by grant 37558-E of CONACYT.     

On the roper-suffridge extension operator

In 1995, Roper and Suffridge defined an extension operator which maps a locally biholomorphic function on the unit diskD in ℂ to a locally biholomorphic mapping on the unit ballB ⁿ in ℂⁿ. This extension operator preserves many important properties, e.g., convexity and starlikeness, etc. In this note, we introduce the family ofε starlike mappings, and prove that the Roper-Suffridge extension operator preserves theε starlikeness on some Reinhardt domains. This result includes many known results and solves an open problem of Graham and Kohr. Project supported by the National Science Foundation of China.     

Intermittency and regularized Fredholm determinants

We consider real-analytic maps of the interval I=[0,1] which are expanding everywhere except for a neutral fixed point at 0. We show that on a certain function space the associated Perron-Frobenius operator ℳ has a continuous and residual spectrum contained in the line-segment σ _c =[0,1] and a point spectrum σ _p which has no points of accumulation outside 0 and 1. Furthermore, points in σ _p −{0,1} are eigenvalues of finite multiplicity. We construct a regularized Fredholm determinant d(λ) which has a holomorphic extension to λ∈ℂ−σ _c and can be analytically continued from each side of σ _c to an open neighborhood of σ _c −{0,1} (on different Riemann sheets). In ℂ−σ _c the zero-set of d(λ) is in one-to-one correspondence with the point spectrum of ℳ. Through the conformal transformation the function d∘λ(z) extends to a holomorphic function in a domain which contains the unit disc. Oblatum 10-X-1996 & 31-I-1998 / Published online: 14 October 1998     

Fatou–Bieberbach Domains as Basins of Attraction of Automorphisms Tangent to the Identity

We prove that there exists an automorphism of ℂ² tangent to the identity with a domain of attraction D to the origin, biholomorphic to ℂ², along a degenerate characteristic direction. Our automorphism of ℂ² is conjugate to a translation in D. We also prove the existence of a curve Γ, a biholomorphic copy of ℂ, entirely contained in the boundary of D. In our construction Γ is tangent to the z-axis in a neighborhood of the origin. The automorphisms we construct also fix the w-axis; therefore we obtain D, a Fatou–Bieberbach domain that does not intersect two biholomorphic copies of ℂ locally transversal at the origin.