On the periodic Wigner-Poisson-Fokker-Planck system

This paper is concerned with the existence and uniqueness analysis of global classical solutions of a diffusive quantum evolution equation with nonlinear coupling to the Poisson equation. The main technical difficulty in the existence proof is to show that the quantum Fokker-Planck term is a semigroup-generator in a weighted L²-space. The potential term is then a Lipschitz perturbation of it.     

Classical Solutions for a Nonlinear Fokker-Planck Equation Arising in Computational Neuroscience

In this paper we analyze the global existence of classical solutions to the initial boundary-value problem for a nonlinear parabolic equation describing the collective behavior of an ensemble of neurons. These equations were obtained as a diffusive approximation of the mean-field limit of a stochastic differential equation system. The resulting nonlocal Fokker-Planck equation presents a nonlinearity in the coefficients depending on the probability flux through the boundary. We show by an appropriate change of variables that this parabolic equation with nonlinear boundary conditions can be transformed into a non standard Stefan-like free boundary problem with a Dirac-delta source term. We prove that there are global classical solutions for inhibitory neural networks, while for excitatory networks we give local well-posedness of classical solutions together with a blow up criterium. Surprisingly, we will show that the spectrum for the operator in the linear case, that corresponding to a system of uncoupled networks, does not give any information about the large time asymptotic behavior.     

On a Diffusive Version of the Lifschitz–Slyozov–Wagner Equation

This paper is concerned with the Becker–Döring (BD) system of equations and their relationship to the Lifschitz–Slyozov–Wagner (LSW) equations. A diffusive version of the LSW equations is derived from the BD equations. Existence and uniqueness theorems for this diffusive LSW system are proved. The major part of the paper is taken up with proving that solutions of the diffusive LSW system converge in the zero diffusion limit to solutions of the classical LSW system. In particular, it is shown that the rate of coarsening for the diffusive system converges to the rate of coarsening for the classical system.     

Global existence and large time behavior of solutions for the bipolar quantum hydrodynamic models in the quarter plane

In this paper, we discuss a bipolar transient quantum hydrodynamic model for charge density, current density, and electric field in the quarter plane. This model takes the form of a classical Euler–Poisson system with the additional dispersion terms caused by the quantum (Bohn) potential. We show global existence of smooth solutions for the initial boundary value problem when the initial data are near the nonlinear diffusive waves, which are different from the steady state. We also show the asymptotical behavior of the global smooth solution towards the nonlinear diffusive waves and obtain the algebraic decay rates. These results are proved by elaborate energy methods. Finally, using the Fourier analysis, we obtain the optimal convergence rates of the solutions towards the nonlinear diffusion waves. As far as we known, this is the first result about the initial boundary value problem of the one‐dimensional bipolar quantum hydrodynamic model in the quarter plane. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Minimal-speed selection of traveling waves to the Lotka–Volterra competition model

In this paper the minimal-speed determinacy of traveling wave fronts of a two-species competition model of diffusive Lotka–Volterra type is investigated. First, a cooperative system is obtained from the classical Lotka–Volterra competition model. Then, we apply the upper-lower solution technique on the cooperative system to study the traveling waves as well as its minimal-speed selection mechanisms: linear or nonlinear. New types of upper and lower solutions are established. Previous results for the linear speed selection are extended, and novel results on both linear and nonlinear selections are derived.     

Nontrivial solutions for impulsive fractional differential systems through variational methods

Fractional differential equations (FDEs) as a generalization of ordinary differential equations and integration to arbitrary noninteger orders have gained importance due to their numerous applications in many fields of science and engineering. Indeed, there are a large number of phenomena, including fluid flow, diffusive transport akin to diffusion, rheology, probability, and electrical networks, that are modeled by different equations involving fractional order derivatives. This paper deals with multiplicity results of solutions for a class of impulsive fractional differential systems. The approach is based on variational methods and critical point theory. Indeed, we establish existence results for our system under some algebraic conditions on the nonlinear part with the classical Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz (AR) condition on the nonlinear and the impulsive terms. Moreover by combining two algebraic conditions on the nonlinear term, which guarantee the existence of two weak solutions, applying the mountain pass theorem, we establish the existence of third weak solution for our system.     

Group classification and symmetry reduction of a (2+1) dimensional diffusion-advection equation

Based on classical Lie group method, we consider the continuum problem of the driven diffusive flow of particles past an impenetrable obstacle (rod) of length L. The infinitesimals of the diffusion-advection equation in (2+1) dimensions were found for an arbitrary nonlinear advection. The symmetries corresponding to different forms of the nonlinear advection are obtained. Three models are studied in details. The results show that the presence of an obstacle, whether stationary or moving, in a driven diffusive flow with nonlinear drift will distort the local concentration profile to a state which divided the (x, y)-plane into two regions. The concentration is relatively higher in one side than the other side, apart from the value of where D is the diffusion coefficient and υ is the drift velocity. This problem has relevance for the size segregation of particulate matter which results from the relative motion of different-size particles induced by shaking. Also, the obtained solutions include soliton, periodical, rational and singular solutions. Received: November 10, 2003; revised: February 10, 2004     

Existence and uniqueness of solutions to singular Cahn–Hilliard equations with nonlinear viscosity terms and dynamic boundary conditions

We prove global existence and uniqueness of solutions to a Cahn–Hilliard system with nonlinear viscosity terms and nonlinear dynamic boundary conditions. The problem is highly nonlinear, characterized by four nonlinearities and two separate diffusive terms, all acting in the interior of the domain or on its boundary. Through a suitable approximation of the problem based on abstract theory of doubly nonlinear evolution equations, existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved using compactness and monotonicity arguments. The asymptotic behaviour of the solutions as the diffusion operator on the boundary vanishes is also shown.     

NONLINEAR DIFFUSIVE PHENOMENA OF NONLINEAR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS

The authors study the nonlinear hyperbolic system which describes the motion of isentropic gas flow with external friction acting on it, such as a flow through porous media, and show the nonlinear diffusive phenomena for the large time behavior of solutions for this system by proving that the solutions tend to those of a nonlinear diffusion equation time-asymptotically.     

Unique and multiple PHAM series solutions of a class of nonlinear reactive transport model

The purpose of this paper is to visit a class of nonlinear reactive transport model in the case including advective and diffusive transport with the Michaelis-Menten reaction term. We apply the method so-called predictor homotopy analysis method (PHAM) which has been recently proposed to predict multiplicity of solutions of nonlinear BVPs. Consequently two consequential matters are indicated which confirms the authority of PHAM to identify multiple solutions: (i) The Talylor series solutions are improved by the so-called convergence-controller parameter (ii) The possibility of existence of multiple solutions is discovered in some cases for the model.     

Nonlinear age-dependent diffusive equations: A bifurcation approach

The main goal of this paper is the study of the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions of some nonlinear age-dependent diffusive models, arising from dynamic populations. We use a bifurcation method, for which it has been necessary to study in detail the linear and eigenvalue problems associated to the nonlinear problem in an appropriate space.     

一类高次自催化耦合反应扩散系统的分歧和斑图

考虑了一类由于自催化剂的耦合而发生的反应扩散系统的空间结构．利用线性化理论讨论了平衡态解的稳定性并且证明了在非耦合系统中空间非一致解出现分歧的必要条件．进一步,利用弱非线性理论讨论了分歧点并且给出了弱耦合系统的图灵分歧解的振幅方程及其性质．     

Global existence and asymptotic behavior of solutions to the nonisentropic bipolar hydrodynamic models

In this paper, we consider a one-dimensional bipolar nonisentropic hydrodynamical model from semiconductor devices. This system takes the nonisentropic Euler-Poisson form with electric field and frictional damping added to the momentum equations. First, we prove global existence of smooth solutions to the Cauchy problem. Next, we also discuss the asymptotic behavior of the smooth solutions. We find that in large time, the densities of electron and hole tend to the same nonlinear diffusive wave, the momentums tend to the Darcy's law, and the temperatures tend to the ambient device temperature. Finally, we can obtain the algebraic decay rate of the densities to the same nonlinear diffusive wave, the momentums to the Darcy's law and the temperatures to the ambient device temperature, and the exponential decay of their difference and the electric field to zero. We can show our results by precise energy methods.     

DISCONTINUOUS TRAVELING WAVE ENTROPY SOLUTIONS OF A MODIFIED ALLEN-CAHN MODEL

This paper deals with the existence and the asymptotic behavior of discontinuous traveling wave entropy solutions for a modified Allen-Cahn model,in which,the usual Ficken-based model for phase transition is replaced with a more physical model with nonlinear diffusive flux. The discontinuous traveling waves correspond to the discontinuous phase transition phenomena.     

Fast Reaction Limit of the Discrete Diffusive Coagulation–Fragmentation Equation

Abstract

The local mass of weak solutions to the discrete diffusive coagulation–fragmentation equation is proved to converge, in the fast reaction limit, to the solution of a nonlinear diffusion equation, the coagulation and fragmentation rates enjoying a detailed balance condition.     

Spreading speeds and traveling waves for a time periodic DS-I-A epidemic model

This paper is devoted to studying the speed of asymptotic spreading and minimal wave speed of traveling wave solutions for a time periodic and diffusive DS-I-A epidemic model, which describes the propagation threshold of disease spreading. The main feature of this model is the possible deficiency of the classical comparison principle such that many known results do not directly work. The speed of asymptotic spreading is estimated by constructing auxiliary equations and applying the classical theory of asymptotic spreading for Fisher type equation. The minimal wave speed is established by proving the existence and nonexistence of the nonconstant traveling wave solutions. Moreover, some numerical examples are presented to model the propagation dynamics of this system.     

Existence and Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions for a Predator-Prey System with a Nonlinear Growth Rate

The paper is concerned with a predator-prey diffusive system subject to homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions, where the growth rate \((\frac{\alpha}{1+\beta v})\) of the predator population is nonlinear. We study the existence of equilibrium solutions and the long-term behavior of the solutions. The main tools used here include the super-sub solution method, the bifurcation theory and linearization method.     

Asymptotic behavior of solutions of the compressible Navier‐Stokes equations in a cylinder under the slip boundary condition

The large time behavior of solutions to the compressible Navier‐Stokes equations around the motionless state is considered in a cylinder under the slip boundary condition. It is shown that if the initial data are sufficiently small, the global solution uniquely exists and the large time behavior of the solution is described by a superposition of one‐dimensional nonlinear diffusion waves and a diffusive rigid rotation.     

Critical curves for a fast diffusive polytropic filtration system coupled via nonlinear boundary flux

This paper deals with the critical curves of the fast diffusive polytropic filtration equations coupled via nonlinear boundary flux. By constructing self-similar super and sub solutions we obtain the critical global existence curve. The critical curve of Fujita type is conjectured with the aid of some new results.     

Recent results on blow-up and quenching for nonlinear Volterra equations

In this survey paper, the author examines nonlinear Volterra integral equations of the second kind with solutions that blow-up or quench. The focus is on analytical results, although a few words about numerical solutions for such equations are provided. The integral equations arise in the mathematical modeling of thermal processes within a reactive–diffusive medium. The scope of this review is on the published literature between 1997 and 2005, serving as an update to a previous review by the same author.