基于三相球模型确定泡沫塑料有效模量

通过复合材料三相球模型确定泡沫塑料的体积模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量和泊松比等材料等参数与材料孔隙比的关系，并将该文结果同微分法得到的结果进行了对比；结果表明：三相球模型确定的材料参数在相同孔隙比情况下，一般都高于微分法确定的结果，两种方法得到的有效剪切模量和杨氏模量差异较小，而体积模量和泊松比则差异较大，然而，由三相球模型确定的泡沫塑料杨氏模量仍可与实验较好地符合。此外，该文结果也同现有的理论及实验     

玻璃纤维增强聚氨酯泡沫塑料的压缩力学性能研究

本文研究了两种不同密度的玻璃纤维增强聚氨酯泡沫塑料在准静态压缩下的力学性能。给出了与相应密度的普通泡沫塑料力学性能的比较，实验结果表明：两种增强泡沫塑料在压缩载荷作用下，具有不同于普通泡沫塑料的应力－应变特性，压缩模量和强度一般均有不同程度的提高，而且对相同纤维含量的增强泡沫塑料来说，密度较高的材料增强效果较好。     

聚氨酯泡沫塑料的强度与断裂韧性

针对3种密度的聚氨酯泡沫塑料进行了拉伸实验。通过无缺口试件确定了3种密度泡沫塑料的拉伸断裂强度,而利用有缺口试件确定了这些材料的拉伸断裂韧性。为了研究高密度泡沫塑料的拉伸断裂机制,还对破坏后试件进行了扫描电镜分析。此外,还简要讨论了泡沫塑料拉伸断裂力学性能的理论预测问题。     

岩石时频效应的实验研究

对饱和泵油南京砂岩和饱水大理岩在MTS上进行了单轴压缩实验和正弦波加载实验,求得两种饱和岩石的单轴抗压强度和屈服强度,并获得随正弦波频率的提高,饱和泵油南京砂岩的杨氏模量、纵横波速度增大,具有较明显的频散效应.饱和岩石中的微细观缺陷在正弦波加载中引起滞后,导致瞬时杨氏模量与应力成不对称"X"形,获得随正弦波频率增高,"X"交点在模量轴上的位置增高,杨氏模量增大,模量的频散增强.本文揭示了岩石的非线性时频响应的一些物理机理,对于岩石介质中的非线性波动研究以及地震、工程等理论研究和应用都具有重要意义.     

饱和岩石滞弹性弛豫机理的实验研究

通过Metravib热机械分析仪,用正弦波加载方式,模拟地震波的传播。实验时固定静载为100N,正弦波动载荷恒为60N,将总载荷控制在屈服点以下。在温度为-50℃~90℃,升温速率保持在1℃/分,频率为5Hz~400Hz的条件下,对饱和泵油彭山砂岩和遂宁砂岩样品进行单轴循环加载实验,获得饱和泵油彭山砂岩和遂宁砂岩的衰减、虚模量、实模量、波速与温度和频率以及动载荷的关系。以此研究了饱和多孔岩石的衰减和虚模量、杨氏模量和弹性波波速随温度和频率的动态响应。取得了随频率增高,饱和多孔岩石的衰减峰和虚模量峰的峰位向高温方向移动的热激活弛豫机制。杨氏模量和弹性波波速随温度升高而下降,随频率增高而增大,具有频散效应;杨氏模量和弹性波波速随动载荷振幅的增大而降低。这些结果与低频共振的驻波实验取得了同样的热激活弛豫规律,说明热激活弛豫规律具有一定的普适性。     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料本构关系的研究

介绍用大尺寸分离式Ｈｏｐｋｉｎｓｏｎ压杆对四种密度的硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料进行高应变率实验，完整地给出了这种材料在１０３／ｓ高应变率下的包括弹性区、屈服区和致密区变形全过程的动态应力应变曲线，并提出了包括应力、应变、应变率和密度等参量的本构关系．     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的缓冲吸能特性评估

在对泡沫塑料缓冲吸能特性评估的常用方法进行分析后，对四种密度硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料在各种应变率下的缓冲吸能特性进行了评估，并介绍了本构关系在泡沫材料缓冲吸能特性评估中的应用。     

复合泡沫塑料力学行为的研究综述

复合泡沫塑料是一种重要的防护材料,它在国防工业和民用工业各部门均有许多重要的应用,对这类材料的力学行为进行研究具有重要的学术价值和应用前景.本文对复合泡沫塑料力学行为的研究文献进行了综述.首先,对复合泡沫塑料力学行为研究的早期工作进行了简介.然后,重点介绍了复合泡沫塑料力学行为研究的最新进展,其中也包括作者近期在该领域开展的一些工作;对复合泡沫塑料进行了静、动态压缩实验和细观加载实验,研究了材料的宏观变形规律和细观失效机制;在理论研究方面,探讨了复合泡沫塑料的能量吸收和缓冲特性,从宏、细观力学分析出发研究了复合泡沫塑料有关力学性能的理论预测问题;还利用计算机和通用软件对高密度复合泡沫塑料进行了有限元分析,研究了高密度复合泡沫塑料的失效行为.最后,给出对该领域研究工作的一些展望.      

三点弯曲试样幂硬化材料裂纹撕裂扩展的实验研究

本文应用三点弯曲试样和撕裂模量理论对弹塑性裂纹撕裂扩展的稳定性进行了实验研究,得出了适用于三点弯曲试样的施加撕裂模量T_(app)的计算公式。结果说明了材料硬化和系统柔度等因素对裂纹扩展稳定性的影响。实验中采用多层高柔度组合梁系统,得到了随加载系统柔度增加,裂纹扩展从慢稳定到失稳发展的过程。证明了撕裂模量理论的有效性。实验结果与理论预测相符。     

胞体椭球比对泡沫塑料力学性能的影响

本文通过数值法研究了胞体椭球比对材料模量及泊松比的影响；在单向受力情况下，研究了变形对材料孔隙度、椭球比、杨氏模量和泊松比等材料参数的影响。     

DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE MODULI FOR FOAM PLASTICS BASED ON THREE PHASE SPHEROIDAL MODEL

The relations of bulk modulus,shear modulus,Young's modulus and the Poisson's ra-tio with porosity of foam plastics are determined by a three phase spheroidal model commonly used inComposite Mechanics.The results are compared with those using differential scheme.It is shownthat the material properties derived from the present model normally are larger than those obtained bydifferential scheme for foam plastics with identical porosity.The differences in shear moduli andYoung's moduli obtained by the two methods are small,but they are larger for bulk moduli of incom-pressible matrix and Poisson's ratios.The Young's moduli of high density foam plastics derived by thepresent model agree better with experimental ones.     

聚氨酯泡沫塑料在应力波加载下的压缩力学性能研究

通过ＳＨＰＢ冲击实验装置研究了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料在应力波加载下的动态力学性能，得到了泡沫塑料在较高应变率下的应力－应变曲线；确定了泡沫塑料的动态屈服强度和动态弹性模量等力学参数，并同落锤冲击实验及准静态压缩实验的结果进行了比较。     

Modeling and prediction of bulk properties of open-cell carbon foam

The emerging ultralightweight material, carbon foam, was modeled with three-dimensional microstructures to develop a basic understanding in correlating microstructural configuration with bulk performance of open-cell foam materials. Because of the randomness and complexity of the microstructure of the carbon foam, representative cell ligaments were first characterized in detail at the microstructural level. The salient microstructural characteristics (or properties) were then correlated with the bulk properties through the present model. In order to implement the varying anisotropic nature of material properties in the foam ligaments, we made an attempt to use a finite element method to implement such variation along the ligaments as well as at a nodal point where the ligaments meet. The model was expected to provide a basis for establishing a process-property relationship and optimizing foam properties.The present model yielded a fairly reasonable prediction of the effective bulk properties of the foams. We observed that the effective elastic properties of the foams were dominated by the bending mode associated with shear deformation. The effective Young's modulus of the foam was strongly influenced by the ligament moduli, but was not influenced by the ligament Poisson's ratio. The effective Poisson's ratio of the foam was practically independent of the ligament Young's modulus, but dependent on the ligament Poisson's ratio. The effective Young's modulus of the carbon foam was dependent more on the transverse Young's modulus and the shear moduli of the foam ligaments, but less significantly on the ligament longitudinal Young's modulus. A parametric study indicated that the effective Young's modulus was significantly improved by increasing the solid modulus in the middle of the foam ligaments, but nearly invariant with that at the nodal point where the ligaments meet. Therefore, appropriate processing schemes toward improving the transverse and shear properties of the foam ligaments in the middle section of the ligaments rather than at the nodal points are highly desirable for enhancing the bulk moduli of the carbon foam.     

Kelvin结构开孔泡沫材料的弹性性能研究

采用一修正的十四面体结构模型(Kelvin结构模型)对开孔泡沫金属的弹性性能进行研究,对低密度开孔泡沫材料表现出不可压的特性进行了分析。该模型考虑作用在泡沫筋条上的弯矩、剪力和轴向力,以及轴向力的平衡。修正模型的数值计算结果与实验结果及其他模型的结果进行了对比,结果表明修正模型计算的杨氏模量比原有模型的略有提高,筋条截面为星形的修正模型计算的结果与实验比较符合。在密度等同的条件下,筋条截面惯性矩越大的开孔泡沫材料,其弹性模量也越大,而泊松比则越小。Kelvin结构的开孔泡沫材料的泊松比随相对密度的减小而趋于0.5。     

Effective elastic properties of porous materials: Homogenization schemes vs experimental data

In this paper, we focus on the prediction of elastic moduli of isotropic porous materials made of a solid matrix having a Poisson's ratio vm of 0.2. We derive simple analytical formulae for these effective moduli based on well-known Mean-Field Eshelby-based Homogenization schemes. For each scheme, we find that the normalized bulk, shear and Young's moduli are given by the same form depending only on the porosity p. The various predictions are then confronted with experimental results for the Young's modulus of expanded polystyrene (EPS) concrete. The latter can be seen as an idealized porous material since it is made of a bulk cement matrix, with Poisson's ratio 0.2, containing spherical mono dispersed EPS beads. The Differential method predictions are found to give a very good agreement with experimental results. Thus, we conclude that when vm=0.2, the normalized effective bulk, shear and Young's modulus of isotropic porous materials can be well predicted by the simple form (1 − p)² for a large range of porosity p ranging between 0 and 0.56.     

ELASTIC BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS OF 3D ANGLE-INTERLOCK WOVEN CERAMIC COMPOSITES

A micromechanical model for elastic behavior analysis of angle-interlock woven ceramic composites is proposed in this paper. This model takes into account the actual fabric structure by considering the fiber undulation and continuity in space, the cavities between adjacent yarns and the actual cross-section geometry of the yarn. Based on the laminate theory, the elastic properties of 3D angle-interlock woven ceramic composites are predicted. Different numbers of interlaced wefts have almost the same elastic moduli. The thickness of ceramic matrix has little effect on elastic moduli. When the undulation ratio increases longitudinal modulus decreases and the other Young's moduli increase. Good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed model in analyzing the elastic properties of 3D angle-interlock woven ceramic composites. The results of this paper verify the fact that the method of analyzing polyester matrix composites is suitable for woven ceramic composites.