高硒情况下维生素E对幼龄大鼠抗氧化作用的研究

研究了高Se或高维生系E下,幼龄大鼠体内抗氧化活性的变化以及高Se下,维生素E对其体内抗氧化水平的影响。将三月龄Wistar大鼠32只随机分成4组：正常饲料组、高Se高维生素E饲料组、高Se饲料组和高维生素E饲料组。饲至十周末,处死大鼠,按试剂盒要求分别取其血液、心、肝、肾制成标本测SOD、CAT活性及MDA、GSH含量。结果表明,高Se或高维生素E下饲养下的大鼠与对照组比较,血液中SOD活性明显下降;维生素E能明显抑制高Se大鼠血液中SOD活性的下降。结论：单独高Se或高维生素E会降低幼龄大鼠的抗氧化活性,而维生素E能明显提高高Se下幼龄大鼠体内抗氧化活性。     

高硒情况下维生素E对老龄大鼠血清中抗氧化作用的影响

研究了高Se或高维生素E下，老龄大鼠体内抗氧化活性的变化以及高Se下维生素E对其体内抗氧化水平的影响。将十二月龄Wistar大鼠32只随机分成4组：（1）正常饲料组；（2）高Se饲料组；（3）高维生素E饲料组；（4）高Se高维生素E饲料组。饲至十周末，处死大鼠，按试剂盒要求取其血液制成血清测GSH－Px,SOD活性，MDA含量。结果表明，高Se或高维生素E下饲养下的大鼠与对照组比较，血清中GSH－Px活性升高（P＜0．05）。SOD活性未见改变，MDA含量分别减少50％和56％，有显著差异（P＜0．01）；维生素E与高Se合用与高Se组比较能进一步同GSH－Px,SOD活性（P＜0．01）。结论：高Se会升高老龄大鼠的抗氧化活性，而与维生素E合用更加升高老龄大鼠血液中抗氧化活性。     

低剂量硝酸镧对小鼠肾脏自由基防御机能的影响

通过采用肾组织匀浆生化测定法, 观察不同剂量硝酸镧灌胃一个月后, 小鼠肾组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、脂质过氧化物(LPO)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)含量的变化, 探讨了低剂量硝酸镧的抗氧化作用; 结果表明 雌性、雄性小鼠20.0, 10.0 mg*kg-1 Cu-ZnSOD和CAT的含量均较对照组明显降低; 而GSH-Px和LPO的含量均较对照组显著升高. 雌性、雄性小鼠0.1, 0.2, 2.0 mg*kg-1组Cu-ZnSOD, CAT, GSH-Px和LPO的含量与对照组无显著性差异. 较高剂量(20.0, 10.0 mg*kg-1)的硝酸镧的直接损伤可使小鼠肾脏脂质过氧化反应增强, 清除自由基的能力下降. 较低剂量(0.1, 0.2, 2.0 mg*kg-1)的硝酸镧对小鼠肾脏自由基的生成和清除无影响.     

微量元素、抗氧化剂与湿热证的相关性的研究

建立了温病湿热证动物模型，研究了清香散对大鼠微旦元素锌（Zn）、硒（Se)、铜（Cu)和维生素E代谢水平，一氧化氮（NO）含量以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px)活力变化的影响，并将正常对照组、湿热模型组、清香散治疗组进行两两比较。结果表明，湿热证模型大鼠血清Zn、Se、维生素E、NO含量显著下降，Cu含量显著升高，GSH－Px活力明显降低，经清热祛湿的经验方清香散治疗后，大鼠血清Zn、Se、维生素E、NO含量及GSH－Px活力明显升高，Cu含量明显下降。抗氧化能力下降是湿热证的本质之一，微量元素锌（Zn)、硒（Se)、铜（Cu)在机体内的含量反映了抗氧化酶活性的高低，清香散能显著提高大鼠血液Zn、Ee、维生素E、NO含量及GSH－Px活力，降低Cu含量，恢复其抗氧化能力。     

菀葆牌硒蜜康对酒精性肝损伤保护作用的实验研究

为研究菀葆牌硒蜜康对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用,将动物随机分成溶剂对照组、溶剂模型组、蜂蜜对照组、蜂蜜模型组及低、中、高3个样品剂量组,共7组,每组10只,3个样品剂量组每天给予硒蜜康1667、3333、6667mg／（kg·d）,连续给予小鼠灌胃30d后,模型对照组和样品剂量组最后一次给予受试物后20min,按体质量计一次灌胃给予50％乙醇10mL／kg,对照组给双蒸水,禁食12h后处死,取动物肝脏,测定肝匀浆液MDA、GSH、TG含量;肝脏冰冻切片,进行病理组织学检查。结果表明,与蜂蜜模型组比较,中、低剂量组的GSH含量升高,各剂量组的TG含量降低,各剂量组冰冻病理学组织切片观察到脂肪变性评分低于模型对照组,差异均有显著性。可见菀葆牌硒蜜康对酒精性肝损伤具有辅助保护作用。     

纳米化对维生素E抗氧化作用的影响

为探讨纳米化对vitamin E抗氧化作用的影响,检测了纳米化vitamin E对抑制超氧阴离子自由基产生的能力、总抗氧化能力以及对4℃贮存红细胞SOD活性的影响。结果表明,与乳化vitamin E相比,纳米化vitamin E能显著提高vitamin E总抗氧化能力和保护4℃贮存红细胞SOD活性的能力(P<0.001);在抑制超氧阴离子自由基的产生方面,乳化vitamin E在低质量浓度(<640μg/L)时,能抑制超氧阴离子自由基的产生,而在高质量浓度(>1 280μg/L)时,则助超氧阴离子自由基的产生;而纳米vitamin E表现为其抗超氧阴离子自由基的能力随其剂量的增加而增强,提示纳米vitamin E在生物学效应方面已发生了某种变化,对纳米化vitamin E的生物学效应还需进一步研究。     

龙眼叶片活性氧代谢和抗氧化系统对La3+的响应

以一年生龙眼小苗为材料,研究了La3+对龙眼叶片活性氧代谢和抗氧化系统的影响,探讨La3+提高植物抗逆境能力作用机制。龙眼小苗喷施10,20,30,40,50 mg.L-1的La(NO3)3两次,通过检测叶片的自由基含量、抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质含量来分析La3+提高龙眼抗氧化的作用。结果表明:20～30 mg.L-1La3+处理可明显清除龙眼叶片的.O2-和H2O2,减少MDA生成量;显著提高叶片SOD和CAT酶活性,降低POD活性,提高AsA-GSH循环运行效率及相关代谢酶APX,MDAR,DHAR和GR的活性,保证AsA和GSH再生,显示稀土离子La3+对龙眼抗性具有显著的正调节作用。     

代谢组学方法研究水飞蓟宾对四氯化碳致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用

运用代谢组学方法研究四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠肝损及水飞蓟宾肝保护作用的机理. 通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术分析CCl4及水飞蓟宾作用下的小鼠肝组织匀浆及血浆代谢物谱. 使用正交偏最小二乘判别分析法研究正常组与CCl4模型组之间的代谢物谱差异, 并通过变量重要性投影(VIP)选取肝组织与血浆中各12种标志性代谢物. 使用主成分分析法研究水飞蓟宾预防性及治疗性给药对CCl4肝损的干预效果. 通过比较选取的标志性代谢物的含量的差异, 探讨了水飞蓟宾对CCl4致小鼠肝损的保护机理. 结果表明, CCl4作用后, 小鼠机体能量代谢、氨基酸代谢及脂类代谢都受到不同程度的影响. 水飞蓟宾能有效地缓解CCl4所造成的体内线粒体功能及氨基酸代谢紊乱. 采用代谢组学方法能较全面地反应生物体的生理及代谢状态, 并可应用于物质毒性和药效评价研究.     

芯片毛细管电泳评估脂质体介导超氧化物歧化酶减低细胞内氧化应激

超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)可用作抗氧化的药物。它能催化并清除细胞内的活性氧组分(ROS),保护细胞免受自由基的氧化破坏。但是由于SOD分子量较大,难以透过细胞膜进入细胞内,显著降低了SOD的药效。本研究用激光共聚焦荧光显微镜拍摄的荧光图像说明,纳米脂质体可介导SOD进入细胞。用芯片毛细管电泳激光诱导荧光分析法(MCE-LIF)测定单细胞中ROS和谷胱甘肽(GSH)的荧光信号强度,评估了用脂质体包裹的SOD与细胞作用的抗氧化效果。用脂质体包裹的SOD与肝癌细胞共培养2h,与直接用SOD作用于肝癌细胞相比较,细胞内ROS明显降低,GSH明显提高。实验结果说明,用脂质体包裹SOD是一种减低细胞内氧化应激的有效给药途径。     

富硒肝对大鼠GSH-Px、GSH和游离巯基含量的影响

为观察富硒肝和亚硒酸钠对大鼠抗氧化能力的影响。将6只大鼠分为两组:A组用亚硒酸钠[按Se元素计,6μg/(只.d)]灌胃,B组用富硒肝[按Se元素计,6μg/(只.d)]灌胃。于灌胃第0、4、8、12、16、20天内眦采血,测定血浆和血细胞内液中GSH-Px活力以及GSH、游离巯基的含量。结果表明:①给药20 d后A、B组血浆和血细胞内液GSH-Px活力和GSH含量均明显高于灌胃前(P0.05);②A、B组血浆中游离巯基的含量略有增加,而血细胞内含量则大幅降低(P0.05)。结论:经口给予富硒肝可诱导大鼠产生较多的抗氧化物质,增强大鼠的抗氧化能力。其作用可达同剂量亚硒酸钠水平。     

Effects of Vitamin E on the Activities of Protective Enzymes and Membrane Lipid Peroxidation in Leymus Chinensis under Drought Stress

Leymus chinensis seedlings were treated with 0.05--10 mmol/L vitamin E under osmotic stress in the presence of polyethylene glycol（PEG） as the stress reagent. The effects of the different concentrations of exogenous vitamin E on the activities of SOD, POD and free proline, and the MDA contents under drought stress were examined so as to ascertain the mechanism of Leymus chinensis resistance to drought stress and explore the possible preventive measures. The results indicate that the activities of SOD and POD decreased but the free proline and MDA contents increased as drought stress was accentuated, showing an enhancement of oxidative stress that may cause a decline in membrane stabilization. However, the activities of SOD and POD and the free proline content increased, whereas the MDA content reduced in Leymus chinensis pretreated with vitamin E in comparison with that of the control. This indicates that exogenous vitamin E enhanced the antioxidation of Leymus chinensis seedlings. It suggests that cytomembrane can be protected from damage by increasing the free proline content and the activities of SOD and POD that result in enhancing the drought resistance of Leymus chinensis seedlings.     

Protective effects of vitamin E against CCl<Subscript>4</Subscript>-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits

The influence of CCl₄ on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), the value of the total antioxidant status (TAS), and the concentration of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) was monitored in plasma or whole blood of rabbits. The administration of CCl₄ caused the increase of the SOD activity to approximately 150 % and the decrease in the activity of GPx and GR by about 50 %. These changes were accompanied with the increase in TAS value and MDA concentration and the decrease of GSH concentration. The effect of CCl₄ was suppressed by the previous 7 days lasting or simultaneous administration of vitamin E. Oxidative stress caused by CCl₄ was accompanied by the development of reactive oxygen forms, especially superoxide radical anion.     

Antioxidant activities of protein-enriched fraction from the larvae of housefly, Musca domestica

The protein-enriched fraction (PEF) was isolated and purified from the larvae of housefly, Musca domestica. This study was designed to investigate amino acid compositions, antioxidative effects and protective effects of PEF on red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis, lipid peroxidation. The effects of PEF treatment were studied on aged mice liver lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities, which included superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Results: PEF not only inhibited H(2)O(2) stimulated oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes of mice, but also depressed malondialdehyde (MDA) production in mice liver homogenate by auto-oxidation and hepatic mitochondria expanded induced by Fe(2+)-ascorbic acid system. Compared to control group, treatments of PEF significantly increases SOD and GSH-Px activity of serum and liver homogenate in aged mice. MDA level of serum and liver homogenate decreased significantly in aged mice. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that PEF possesses antioxidative activity and might be a valuable source of natural antioxidative agents.     

微量元素与体内自由基反应的多元分析

食管癌患者体内环境与正常人的差异,表现在体内自由基反应的相关因子的含量不同,选取有关的生化指标作统计学分析,结果显示：（１）单相关分析有统计学意义的指标是Ｃｕ,Ｃｄ,Ｓｅ,Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ,ＭＤＡ,ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ,Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ,Ｚｎ／Ｃｄ;（２）逐步回归分析,建立回归方程：ｙ＝３．９８９０＋２．２３９９ｘ（Ｃｕ）－２２．４９ｘ（Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ）－０．０５０３ｘ（ＭＤＡ）－０．４３３５ｘ（Ｃｄ）。以此方程作两值     

锌对酒精性肝病小鼠的作用研究

为探究膳食补充锌是否改善肝再生,选用12周大的雄性C57BL/6小鼠40只,按随机数字表法分为4组:正常对照组、酒精中毒组、正常补锌组及酒精中毒补锌组,予不同的饮食喂养6个月后,通过增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)阳性标记的肝细胞数目评价了肝细胞再生状况,并检测了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)含量评估肝损伤的氧化...     

The effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on alcohol-induced oxidative stress in rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on alcohol-induced liver damage in rats. A total of 36 rats were divided into control, ethanol and ethanol + LBP groups. Rats in the ethanol group were fed 7 g ethanol/kg body weight by gastric infusion, three times a day, for 30 consecutive days, while rats in the control group received the same volume of physiological saline instead of ethanol, and rats in ethanol + LBP group were fed both ethanol (7 g/kg body weight) and LBP (300 mg/kg body weight/day). Alcoholic liver injury was examined by serum ALT and AST activities, alcoholic fatty liver was assessed by lipid levels, and oxidative stress was evaluated by SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GSH and MDA assays. In the ethanol group, a significant elevation of enzymes and lipid in serum, increased MDA level and depletion of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and GSH in liver were observed. LBP administration significantly ameliorated liver injury, prevented the progression of alcohol-induced fatty liver, and improved the antioxidant functions when compared with the ethanol group. Histopathological examination of rat liver revealed that LBP administration protected liver cells from the damage induced by ethanol. The results suggest that LBP is a promising agent to protect the liver from hepatotoxicity and fatty liver induced by ethanol intake.     

Effect of X-radiation on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in rats treated with saponin-containing compounds

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three saponin-containing plant species extracts (Aesculuc hippocastanum L. seed extract [AHE], Medicago sativa L. extract [MSE] and Spinacia oleracea L. extract [SOE]) on lipid peroxidation and on antioxidant systems in rats exposed to X-rays (XR). The rats were divided into three categories. The first category served as controls and received only a standard diet. The second category served as the radiation group and received 5 and 10 Gy XR dose. The third category (XR+extract-treated) received plant extracts (25.0 or 50.0 mg kg(-1) live weight) and 5 or 10 Gy XR dose. Blood samples were analyzed for their content of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), plasma vitamin C, beta-carotene and retinol. In animals receiving XR, the plasma MDA (P < 0.001) value significantly increased but the level of GSH (P < 0.01), vitamin C (P < 0.001), retinol and beta-carotene (P < 0.001) decreased significantly with increasing XR doses. In the XR+extract-treated groups, the concentrations of MDA increased significantly with increasing radiation but their concentrations decreased significantly with increasing extract concentrations. Plasma concentrations of GSH, beta-carotene, retinol and vitamin C in XR+extract-treated groups decreased significantly with increasing XR dose but their concentrations increased with increasing extract doses. Further, comparison of blood samples of XR+extract-treated groups with those from the control group showed that GSH, beta-carotene, retinol and vitamin C values increased significantly but that MDA values decreased significantly. The results showed that all extracts have enhanced the antioxidant status and decreased the incidence of free radical-induced lipid peroxidation in blood samples of rats exposed to XR. However, the antioxidant effect of AHE-administered animals was more effective than that of MSE- and SOE-administered whole-body XR rats. We conclude that the supplementation with saponin-containing extracts may serve to reinforce the antioxidant systems, thus having protective effect against cell damage by XR.     

Potential of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Crocus sativus</Emphasis> (saffron) and its Constituent,Crocin, as Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant in Rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant potential of saffron and its active constituent, crocin, in hyperlipidemic rats. The animals fed either with normal fat diet or high fat diet were administered orally saffron (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or crocin (4.84, 9.69, and 19.38 mg/kg) in their respective groups for five consecutive days. Biochemical estimations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity (GSHPx), total glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in serum and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), and total sulfhydryl (SH) groups in liver tissue homogenate were carried out. Both saffron and crocin were effective in decreasing the elevated levels of TG, TC, ALP, AST, ALT, MDA, GSHPx, GSH, and GSSG in serum and increasing SOD, CAT, FRAP, and SH values in liver tissue with reduction in TBARS. The saffron was found to be superior to crocin indicating the involvement of other potential constituents of saffron apart from crocin for its synergistic behavior of quenching the free radicals and ameliorating the damages of hyperlipidemia.