各向异性介质的弹性波散射问题的边界元方法

本文引用加权残数法建立了各向异性介质内含任意形式异质夹杂时的散射问题的边界积分方程式,导出了相应的辐射条件,计算了内含圆柱体,椭圆柱体、界面裂纹情形下对SH 波的散射位移场、应力场以及散射横截面.数值结果表明本方法用于解答各向异性介质的弹性波散射问题具有良好的精度和应用前景.     

各向异性展状介质中弹性波的传播矩阵解法

基于广义胡克定律及混和变量弹性波方程，解析求得各层介质内位移、应力传递矩阵，给出了直角坐标系下各向异性层状介质中弹性波的传播矩阵解法．该方法适用于非轴对称各向异性和点源作用，较好地解决了数值计算中有效数字精度损失问题．数值结果表明，计算效率、准确性及稳定性均较好．     

各向异性介质中弹性波传问题的数值解法

通过运用速度－应力有限差分法研究方位各向异性介质中的弹性波传播问题，在计算实施过程中，使用了交错网格技术，为了减少计算量，首次引入了适用于各向异性体的吸收边界条件，并对角点处的吸收做特殊的处理，算例表明，该算法不仅具有较高的精度；与传统方法相比，计算时间也大为缩短，从而可望在实际中获得良好的应用前景。     

各向异性介质中SH波引起的裂纹扩展

本文利用Green函数法,求解各向异性介质中半无限长裂纹在SH波作用下,以任意速度扩展的问题。首先,利用Laplace变换和Cagniard-de Hoop反演法求解各向异性介质中反平面问题的Green函数,并利用它建立了求解裂纹扩展问题的积分方程。因为方程为Abel型的,所以可得到在SH波作用下,半无限长裂纹扩展问题的解析解。还可求得裂纹端点附近的应力和裂纹表面上位移的表达式。并对裂纹端点附近的奇异性进行讨论。最后讨论了裂纹尖端附近任一点的能量关系。并应用Griffith的能量准则,对裂纹扩展规律进行了讨论。     

弹性波混合差分解法的透射边界条件

文中将基于离散应力、速度混合变量弹性波方程的各种数值解法统称为混合差分法，该文研究这类解法中人工边界的透射边界条件。基于波动沿边界法向传播的特征量分析，给出了横观各向同性介质中复杂形状边界的透射条件。该文是一种局部透射条件，所需计算量极小。文中将此方法与交错网格差分解法结合并应用于横观各向同性介质弹性波计算。数值算例及反射系数分析表明，该方法很好地消除了人工边界对来波的反射。     

各向异性层状介质中弹性波的传播矩阵解法

基于广义胡克定律及混和变量弹性波方程，解析求得各层介质位移位，应力传播矩阵，给出了直角坐标系各向异性层状介质中弹性波的传播矩阵解法，该方法适用于非轴对称各向异性和点源作用，较好地解决了数值计算中有效数字精度损失问题，数值结果表明，计算效率，准确性及稳定性均较好。     

三维非均匀介质中弹性波传播的数值模拟

提出了一种三维非均匀介质中弹性波传播数值模拟的方法,文中称为三维格子法.该算法是二维格子法(一种二维非均匀介质中P-SV波传播的数值模拟算法)向三维非均匀介质情况的推广.在空间离散上该文方法与有限元方法类似,容许根据连续体的形状和介质分界面任意剖分网格,且自然满足自由表面边界条件.不同于常规有限差分法在各个节点上满足动力学微分方程,该算法通过满足各节点周围格子的整体平衡(积分平衡方程)来对问题进行求解.三维格子法所需的计算机内存及计算耗时与同阶精度的规则网格有限差分法相当.算例表明,该文提出的三维格子法具有较高的精度且可很好地模拟三维复杂形状地表对弹性波的反射和绕射.     

各向异性介质中弹性波的数值模拟

提出了一种非均匀各向异性介质中弹性波传播的数值模拟算法.该方法可以灵活地运用于具有任意地表形状、内部孔洞、固液边界和不规则内部交界面的介质情况,另外,该方法自然满足复杂几何边界的自由表面条件.这种基于三角形和四边形离散网格的算法使用的是围绕每个节点的积分平衡方程,而不是其它有限差分法中使用的各个节点满足的弹性动力学的微分方程.该文工作是非均匀各向同性介质中弹性波传播格子法研究的继续.除了研究各向异性介质中波的传播以外,还给出了一种能够省时的四边形网格的格子法.     

波由单相弹性介质向横观各向同性液体饱和多孔介质传播时的反射与透射

研究了弹性波从单相各向同性弹性介质向双相各向异性液体饱和介质的传播问题.基于Biot的孔隙介质理论,并考虑动态渗透率,对以任意角度、任意频率入射的弹性波,解析地导出了在界面上的透射角、透射波波速和衰减系数,给出了各波在界面上的能量分配,数值计算了反射、透射系数与入射角、孔隙度等的关系曲线.     

各向异性和各向同性介质中反平面剪切波的相似性

近年来,刘殿魁等发表了一系列文章讨论各向异性介质中反平面剪切波的多种问题。与反平面剪切波对应的平衡问题是柱体的扭转问题。在五十年代以前,各向异性柱体的扭转问题被看作回异于各向同性柱体的扭转同题而曾受到众多的研究。在专著[8]§10.3,§10.4中,作者通过适当的坐标变换,首次将各向异性柱体的扭转问题转化为一个相当的各向同性的问题,从而建立了两者之间的相似性。有了这个相似性后,各向异性柱体的扭转问题就无需作专门的研究。而可把它归并入各向同性的问题。对反平面剪切     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ELASTIC WAVE PROPAGATION IN ANISOTROPIC MEDIA

A new numerical simulation algorithm is presented for the elastic wave propagation in heterogeneous anisotropic media. We make discretization of the computational domain by using triangular and quadrangular grids. The scheme is based on integral equilibrium at each node to simulate the elastic wave propagation in heterogeneous anisotropic media. The scheme is very flexible in dealing with arbitrary surface topography, inner openings, liquid-solid boundaries and irregular interfaces. Moreover, the free-surface condition of complex geometrical boundaries can be satisfied naturally. This work is an extension of the grid method for the elastic wave propagation in heterogeneous isotropic media, and a quadrangular grid with low computational cost is also introduced. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(19672016).     

A NUMERICAL METHOD OF MODELING ELASTIC WAVE PROPAGATION IN ANISOTROPIC MEDIA

The velocity-stress finite-difference method is adopted to simulate the elastic wave propa-gation in azimuthal anisotropic media.The difference grids are completely staggered in the numerical im-plementation.To reduce the computational work,the absorbin8 boundary conditions for anisotropic mediaare introduced first and the corner points are specially treated.Examples show that more accurate resultscan be obtained from the modeling algorithm,which cost much less computational time than the conven-tional methods.Therefore,the algorithm has broad application prospects in engineering.     

FINITE DIFFERENCE SIMULATION OF A STRATIFIED TWO-PHASE SYSTEM

SUMMARY

We have analyzed several different approaches for simulating the fluid motion of a stratified two-phase system. The flow regime is transformed to a regular domain for numerical integration and the standard finite difference formulas are applied to discretize the governing and mapping equations. Five different interface iteration schemes that are based on the kinematic condition and the normal stress balance have been derived to update the position of the liquid-liquid interface. We have found that the iterative scheme based on the normal stress balance is more stable and is applicable to a wide range of capillary numbers, and that these appear to be the only sensitive parameter in the stratified two-phase system under consideration.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STRESS WAVE PROPAGATION WITH UNSTRUCTURED FINITE VOLUME TIME DOMAIN METHOD

An unstructured finite volume time domain method (UFVTDM) is proposed to simulate stress wave propagation. The original variables of displacement and stress are solved based on the dynamic equilibrium equations. An Euler explicit and unstructured finite volume method is used for time and spacial terms respectively. The displacements are stored on the cell vertex and a vertex based finite volume is formed with the integral surface and the stress is assumed as uniform in the cell. This is some similar with the stager grid method in computational fluid dynamics. Several cases are used to show the capability of the algorithm.     

非均匀介质有限元法

提出适合非均匀介质应力分析的有限元法．文中在有限单元内部采用等参变换方法模拟材料特性的变化，算例表明该法计算效率高，计算精度好．