A Riemann-Hilbert Approach to the Chen-Lee-Liu Equation on the Half Line

In this paper, the Fokas unified method is used to analyze the initial-boundary value for the Chen- Lee-Liu equation

$i{\partial _t}u + {\partial_{xx}u - i |u{|^2}{\partial _x}u = 0}$

on the half line (?∞, 0] with decaying initial value. Assuming that the solution u(x, t) exists, we show that it can be represented in terms of the solution of a matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem formulated in the plane of the complex spectral parameter λ. The jump matrix has explicit (x, t) dependence and is given in terms of the spectral functions {a(λ), b(λ)} and {A(λ), B(λ)}, which are obtained from the initial data u₀(x) = u(x, 0) and the boundary data g₀(t) = u(0, t), g₁(t) = u_x(0, t), respectively. The spectral functions are not independent, but satisfy a so-called global relation.

     

Estimation Problems for Periodically Correlated Isotropic Random Fields

Spectral theory of isotropic random fields in Euclidean space developed by M. I. Yadrenko is exploited to find a solution to the problem of optimal linear estimation of the functional

$$ A\zeta ={\sum\limits_{t=0}^{\infty}}\,\,\,{\int_{S_n}} \,\,a(t,x)\zeta (t,x)\,m_n(dx) $$

which depends on unknown values of a periodically correlated (cyclostationary with period T) with respect to time isotropic on the sphere S _n in Euclidean space E ⁿ random field ζ(t, x), t?∈?Z, x?∈?S _n . Estimates are based on observations of the field ζ(t, x)?+?θ(t, x) at points (t, x), t?=???1,???2, ..., x?∈?S _n , where θ(t, x) is an uncorrelated with ζ(t, x) periodically correlated with respect to time isotropic on the sphere S _n random field. Formulas for computing the value of the mean-square error and the spectral characteristic of the optimal linear estimate of the functional Aζ are obtained. The least favourable spectral densities and the minimax (robust) spectral characteristics of the optimal estimates of the functional Aζ are determined for some special classes of spectral densities.

     

On the complete group classification of the reaction-diffusion equation with a delay

The reaction-diffusion delay differential equation

ut(x,t)−uxx(x,t)=g(x,u(x,t),u(x,t−τ))     

Sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions to some second order differential equations with a deviating argument

By means of Mawhin's continuation theorem, we study some second order differential equations with a deviating argument:

x^″(t)=f(t,x(t),x(t−τ(t)),x^′(t))+e(t).     

Global hypoellipticity for first-order operators on closed smooth manifolds

The main goal of this paper is to address global hypoellipticity issues for the class of first-order pseudo-differential operators L = D_t + C(t, x,D_x), where (t, x) ∈ T × M, T is the one-dimensional torus, M is a closed manifold, and C(t, x,D_x) is a first-order pseudo-differential operator on M, smoothly depending on the periodic variable t. In the case of separation of variables, when C(t, x,D_x) = a(t)p(x,D_x) + ib(t)q(x,D_x), we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the global hypoellipticity of L. In particular, we show that the famous (P) condition of Nirenberg-Treves is neither necessary nor sufficient to guarantee the global hypoellipticity of L.     

Existence, uniqueness and stability of travelling waves in a discrete reaction-diffusion monostable equation with delay

In this paper, we study the existence, uniqueness and asymptotic stability of travelling wavefronts of the following equation:

u_t(x,t)=D[u(x+1,t)+u(x-1,t)-2u(x,t)]-du(x,t)+b(u(x,t-r)),     

Existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions for a kind of first order neutral functional differential equations

In this paper, we use the coincidence degree theory to establish new results on the existence and uniqueness of T-periodic solutions for the first order neutral functional differential equation of the form

(x(t)+Bx(t−δ)^)′=g₁(t,x(t))+g₂(t,x(t−τ))+p(t).     

Asymptotic spreading in heterogeneous diffusive excitable media

We establish propagation and spreading properties for nonnegative solutions of nonhomogeneous reaction-diffusion equations of the type:

t_∂u−∇⋅(A(t,x)∇u)+q(t,x)⋅∇u=f(t,x,u)     

On an approach to the analysis of asymptotic properties of solutions of first-order ordinary delay differential equations

For the first-order ordinary delay differential equation

$$u'(t) + p(t)u(r(t)) = 0,$$

where p ∈ L _loc(?₊; ?₊), τ ∈ C(?₊; ?₊), τ(t) ≤ t for t ∈ ?₊, lim_t→+∞ τ(t) = +∞, and ?₊:= [0, ∞), we obtain new criteria for the existence of sign-definite and oscillating solutions, thus generalizing some earlier-known results.

     

Weakly nonlinear discrete multipoint boundary value problems

In this paper we study nonlinear, discrete, multipoint boundary value problems of the form

x(t+1)=A(t)x(t)+?f(t,x(t))     

New results on the existence of periodic solutions to a p-Laplacian differential equation with a deviating argument

By means of Mawhin's continuation theorem, a kind of p-Laplacian differential equation with a deviating argument as follows:

(φp(x^′(t))^)′=f(t,x(t),x(t−τ(t)),x^′(t))+e(t)     

Asymptotic behavior of a differential equation with distributed delays

In this paper, sufficient conditions are established for the asymptotical behavior of solutions of the delay differential equation

x^′(t)=F(t,xt)+G(t,xt)     

Feynman and quasi-Feynman formulas for evolution equations

New methods for obtaining representations of solutions of the Cauchy problem for linear evolution equations, i.e., equations of the form u _t '(t, x) = Lu(t, x), where the operator L is linear and depends only on the spatial variable x and does not depend on time t, are proposed. A solution of the Cauchy problem, that is, the exponential of the operator tL, is found on the basis of constructions proposed by the author combined with Chernoff’s theorem on strongly continuous operator semigroups.     

On the existence of mild solutions of semilinear evolution differential inclusions

In this paper we deal with a Cauchy problem governed by the following semilinear evolution differential inclusion:

x^′(t)∈A(t)x(t)+F(t,x(t))     

Oscillation criteria for second order nonlinear neutral differential equations

By refining the standard integral averaging technique, we obtain new oscillation criteria for a class of second order nonlinear neutral differential equations of the form

(r(t)(x(t)+p(t)x(t-τ))^′)^′+q(t)f(x(t),x(σ(t)))=0.     

Stability of the Absolutely Continuous Spectrum of Random Schrödinger Operators on Tree Graphs

According to the Smolukowski-Kramers approximation, we show that the solution of the semi-linear stochastic damped wave equations μ u _tt (t,x)=Δu(t,x)?u _t (t,x)+b(x,u(t,x))+Q (t),u(0)=u ₀, u _t (0)=v ₀, endowed with Dirichlet boundary conditions, converges as μ goes to zero to the solution of the semi-linear stochastic heat equation u _t (t,x)=Δ u(t,x)+b(x,u(t,x))+Q (t),u(0)=u ₀, endowed with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Moreover we consider relations between asymptotics for the heat and for the wave equation. More precisely we show that in the gradient case the invariant measure of the heat equation coincides with the stationary distributions of the wave equation, for any μ>0.     

Existence, uniqueness and attractiveness of a pseudo almost automorphic solutions for some dissipative differential equations in Banach spaces

We give sufficient conditions ensuring the existence, uniqueness and global attractiveness of a pseudo compact almost automorphic solution of the following differential equation:

x^′(t)=f(t,x(t))     

Averaging of systems of differential inclusions with slow and fast variables

We consider the system of differential inclusions

$$\dot x \in \mu F(t, x, y, \mu ), x(0) = x_0 , \dot y \in G(t, x, y, \mu ), y(0) = y_0 $$

, where F,G: D → Kυ (\(R^{m_1 } \)), Kυ (\(R^{m_2 } \)) are mappings into the sets of nonempty convex compact sets in the Euclidean spaces \(R^{m_1 } \) and \(R^{m_2 } \), respectively, D = R ₊ × \(R^{m_1 } \) × \(R^{m_2 } \) × [0, a], a > 0, and µ is a small parameter. The functions F and G and the right-hand side of the averaged problem \(\dot u\) ∈ µF ₀(u), u(0) = x ₀, F ₀(u) ∈ Kυ (\(R^{m_1 } \)), satisfy the one-sided Lipschitz condition with respect to the corresponding phase variables. Under these and some other conditions, we prove that, for each ? > 0, there exists a µ > 0 such that, for an arbitrary µ ∈ (0, µ₀] and any solution x _µ(·), y _µ(·) of the original problem, there exists a solution u _µ(·) of the averaged problem such that ∥x _µ(t) ? y _µ(t) ∥ ≤ ? for t ∈ [0, 1/µ]. Furthermore, for each solution u _µ(·)of the averaged problem, there exists a solution x _µ(·), y _µ(·) of the original problem with the same estimate.

     

Inverse problem with nonlocal observation of finding the coefficient multiplying <Emphasis Type="Italic">u</Emphasis> <Subscript> <Emphasis Type="Italic">t</Emphasis> </Subscript> in the parabolic equation

We study the inverse problem of the reconstruction of the coefficient ?(x, t) = ?⁰(x, t) + r(x) multiplying u_t in a nonstationary parabolic equation. Here ?⁰(x, t) ≥ ?⁰ > 0 is a given function, and r(x) ≥ 0 is an unknown function of the class L_∞(Ω). In addition to the initial and boundary conditions (the data of the direct problem), we pose the problem of nonlocal observation in the form ∫₀^Tu(x, t) dμ(t) = χ(x) with a known measure dμ(t) and a function χ(x). We separately consider the case dμ(t) = ω(t)dt of integral observation with a smooth function ω(t). We obtain sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the inverse problem, which have the form of ready-to-verify inequalities. We suggest an iterative procedure for finding the solution and prove its convergence. Examples of particular inverse problems for which the assumptions of our theorems hold are presented.