On the Semicircular Law of Large-Dimensional Random Quaternion Matrices

It is well known that the Gaussian symplectic ensemble is defined on the space of \(n\times n\) quaternion self-dual Hermitian matrices with Gaussian random elements. There is a huge body of literature regarding this kind of matrices based on the exact known form of the density function of the eigenvalues (see Erd?s in Russ Math Surv 66(3):507–626, 2011; Erd?s in Probab Theory Relat Fields 154(1–2):341–407, 2012; Erd?s et al. in Adv Math 229(3):1435–1515, 2012; Knowles and Yin in Probab Theory Relat Fields, 155(3–4):543–582, 2013; Tao and Vu in Acta Math 206(1):127–204, 2011; Tao and Vu in Electron J Probab 16(77):2104–2121, 2011). Due to the fact that multiplication of quaternions is not commutative, few works about large-dimensional quaternion self-dual Hermitian matrices are seen without normality assumptions. As in natural, we shall get more universal results by removing the Gaussian condition. For the first step, in this paper, we prove that the empirical spectral distribution of the common quaternion self-dual Hermitian matrices tends to the semicircular law. The main tool to establish the universal result is given as a lemma in this paper as well.     

Central Limit Theorem for Lipschitz–Killing Curvatures of Excursion Sets of Gaussian Random Fields

Our interest in this paper is to explore limit theorems for various geometric functionals of excursion sets of isotropic Gaussian random fields. In the past, asymptotics of nonlinear functionals of Gaussian random fields have been studied [see Berman (Sojourns and extremes of stochastic processes, Wadsworth & Brooks, Monterey, 1991), Kratz and León (Extremes 3(1):57–86, 2000), Kratz and León (J Theor Probab 14(3):639–672, 2001), Meshenmoser and Shashkin (Stat Probab Lett 81(6):642–646, 2011), Pham (Stoch Proc Appl 123(6):2158–2174, 2013), Spodarev (Chapter in modern stochastics and applications, volume 90 of the series Springer optimization and its applications, pp 221–241, 2013) for a sample of works in such settings], the most recent addition being (Adler and Naitzat in Stoch Proc Appl 2016; Estrade and León in Ann Probab 2016) where a central limit theorem (CLT) for Euler integral and Euler–Poincaré characteristic, respectively, of the excursions set of a Gaussian random field is proven under some conditions. In this paper, we obtain a CLT for some global geometric functionals, called the Lipschitz–Killing curvatures of excursion sets of Gaussian random fields, in an appropriate setting.     

Erratum to: An $$L_{p}$$-theory of Stochastic PDEs of Divergence Form on Lipschitz Domains

The purpose of this erratum is to correct the assumptions in Theorem 2.10 of [2] (Kim in J Theor Probab 22:220–238, 2009).     

Reflected Brownian Motion in a Convex Polyhedral Cone: Tail Estimates for the Stationary Distribution

Consider a multidimensional obliquely reflected Brownian motion in the positive orthant, or, more generally, in a convex polyhedral cone. We find sufficient conditions for existence of a stationary distribution and convergence to this distribution at an exponential rate, as time goes to infinity, complementing the results of Dupuis and Williams (Ann Probab 22(2):680–702, 1994) and Atar et al. (Ann Probab 29(2):979–1000, 2001). We also prove that certain exponential moments for this distribution are finite, thus providing a tail estimate for this distribution. Finally, we apply these results to systems of rank-based competing Brownian particles, introduced in Banner et al. (Ann Appl Probab 15(4):2296–2330, 2005).     

Functional Convergence of Linear Processes with Heavy-Tailed Innovations

We study convergence in law of partial sums of linear processes with heavy-tailed innovations. In the case of summable coefficients, necessary and sufficient conditions for the finite dimensional convergence to an \(\alpha \)-stable Lévy Motion are given. The conditions lead to new, tractable sufficient conditions in the case \(\alpha \le 1\). In the functional setting, we complement the existing results on \(M_1\)-convergence, obtained for linear processes with nonnegative coefficients by Avram and Taqqu (Ann Probab 20:483–503, 1992) and improved by Louhichi and Rio (Electr J Probab 16(89), 2011), by proving that in the general setting partial sums of linear processes are convergent on the Skorokhod space equipped with the \(S\) topology, introduced by Jakubowski (Electr J Probab 2(4), 1997).     

Multivariate Higher-Degree Stochastic Increasing Convexity

Building on the seminal work by Shaked and Shanthikumar (Adv Appl Probab 20:427–446, 1988a; Stoch Process Appl 27:1–20, 1988b), Denuit et al. (Eng Inf Sci 13:275–291, 1999; Methodol Comput Appl Probab 2:231–254, 2000; 2001) studied the stochastic s-increasing convexity properties of standard parametric families of distributions. However, the analysis is restricted there to a single parameter. As many standard families of distributions involve several parameters, multivariate higher-order stochastic convexity properties also deserve consideration for applications. This is precisely the topic of the present paper, devoted to stochastic \((s_1,s_2,\ldots ,s_d)\)-increasing convexity of distribution families indexed by a vector \((\theta _1,\theta _2,\ldots ,\theta _d)\) of parameters. This approach accounts for possible correlation in multivariate mixture models.     

Differential operators for Hermitian Jacobi forms and Hermitian modular forms

Kim (Arch Math (Basel) 79(3):208–215, 2002) constructs multilinear differential operators for Hermitian Jacobi forms and Hermitian modular forms. However, her work relies on incorrect actions of differential operators on spaces of Hermitian Jacobi forms and Hermitian modular forms. In particular, her results are incorrect if the underlying field is the Gaussian number field. We consider more general spaces of Hermitian Jacobi forms and Hermitian modular forms over \(\mathbb {Q}(i)\), which allow us to correct the corresponding results in Kim (2002).     

Relative exchangeability with equivalence relations

We describe an Aldous–Hoover-type characterization of random relational structures that are exchangeable relative to a fixed structure which may have various equivalence relations. Our main theorem gives the common generalization of the results on relative exchangeability due to Ackerman (Representations of \(\text {Aut}(\mathcal {M})\)-invariant measures: part I, 2015. arXiv:1509.06170) and Crane and Towsner (Relatively exchangeable structures, 2015) and hierarchical exchangeability results due to Austin and Panchenko (Probab Theory Relat Fields 159(3–4):809–823, 2014).     

Speed of Vertex-Reinforced Jump Process on Galton–Watson Trees

We give an alternative proof of the fact that the vertex-reinforced jump process on Galton–Watson tree has a phase transition between recurrence and transience as a function of \(c\), the initial local time, see Basdevant et al. (Ann Appl Probab 22(4):1728–1743, 2012). Further, applying techniques in Aidékon (Probab Theory Relat Fields 142(3–4):525–559, 2008), we show a phase transition between positive speed and null speed for the associated discrete-time process in the transient regime.     

Affine Processes on Symmetric Cones

We consider affine Markov processes taking values in convex cones. In particular, we characterize all affine processes taking values in irreducible symmetric cones in terms of certain Lévy–Khintchine triplets. This is the natural, coordinate-free formulation of the theory of Wishart processes on positive semidefinite matrices, as put forward by Bru (J Theor Probab 4(4):725–751, 1991) and Cuchiero et al. (Ann Appl Probab 21(2):397–463, 2011), in the more general context of symmetric cones, which also allows for simpler, alternative proofs.     

Exact Simulation for Discrete Time Spin Systems and Unilateral Fields

In this paper we generalize the technique presented by Häggström and Steif (Comb. Probab. Comput. 9:425–439, 2000) for the exact simulation of finite sections of infinite-volume Gibbs random fields, to a more general class of discrete time nearest neighbour spin systems. The main role is played by an auxiliary binary field, which indicates the sampling region. Percolation bounds can be used to prove that the algorithm terminates a.s. In the simplest case this field is Bernoulli; however blocking techniques can be used that destroy the independence property but extend the validity of the algorithm. Finally, the connection with stationary unilateral fields in the plane considered by Pickard (Adv. Appl. Probab. 12:655–671, 1980) and Galbraith and Walley (J. Appl. Probab. 19:332–343, 1982) is discussed.     

Prediction of catastrophes in space over time

Predicting rare events, such as high level up-crossings, for spatio-temporal processes plays an important role in the analysis of the occurrence and impact of potential catastrophes in, for example, environmental settings. Designing a system which predicts these events with high probability, but with few false alarms, is clearly desirable. In this paper an optimal alarm system in space over time is introduced and studied in detail. These results generalize those obtained by de Maré (Ann. Probab. 8, 841–850, 1980) and Lindgren (Ann. Probab. 8, 775–792, 1980, Ann. Probab. 13, 804–824, 1985) for stationary stochastic processes evolving in continuous time and are applied here to stationary Gaussian random fields.     

Improved local convergence analysis of the Gauss–Newton method under a majorant condition

We present a local convergence analysis of Gauss-Newton method for solving nonlinear least square problems. Using more precise majorant conditions than in earlier studies such as Chen (Comput Optim Appl 40:97–118, 2008), Chen and Li (Appl Math Comput 170:686–705, 2005), Chen and Li (Appl Math Comput 324:1381–1394, 2006), Ferreira (J Comput Appl Math 235:1515–1522, 2011), Ferreira and Gonçalves (Comput Optim Appl 48:1–21, 2011), Ferreira and Gonçalves (J Complex 27(1):111–125, 2011), Li et al. (J Complex 26:268–295, 2010), Li et al. (Comput Optim Appl 47:1057–1067, 2004), Proinov (J Complex 25:38–62, 2009), Ewing, Gross, Martin (eds.) (The merging of disciplines: new directions in pure, applied and computational mathematics 185–196, 1986), Traup (Iterative methods for the solution of equations, 1964), Wang (J Numer Anal 20:123–134, 2000), we provide a larger radius of convergence; tighter error estimates on the distances involved and a clearer relationship between the majorant function and the associated least squares problem. Moreover, these advantages are obtained under the same computational cost.     

Absolute Cesàro Series Spaces and Matrix Operators

In this paper we derive a series space \(\vert C_{\lambda,\mu} \vert _{k}\) using the well known absolute Cesàro summability \(\vert C_{\lambda,\mu} \vert _{k}\) of Das (Proc. Camb. Philol. Soc. 67:321–326, 1970), compute its \(\beta\)-dual, give some algebraic and topological properties, and characterize some matrix operators defined on that space. So we generalize some results of Bosanquet (J. Lond. Math. Soc. 20:39–48, 1945), Flett (Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. 7:113–141, 1957), Mehdi (Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3)10:180–199, 1960), Mazhar (Tohoku Math. J. 23:433–451, 1971), Orhan and Sar?göl (Rocky Mt. J. Math. 23(3):1091–1097, 1993) and Sar?göl (Commun. Math. Appl. 7(1):11–22, 2016; Math. Comput. Model. 55:1763–1769, 2012).     

B.V. Gnedenko: Classic of Limit Theorems in the Theory of Probability

B.V. Gnedenko is an outstanding scientist-mathematician, who worked in the area of probability theory and its applications. B.V. Gnedenko deserved world-wide popularity by his investigations of limit distributions for sums of independent random variables (Gnedenko and Kolmogorov 1954) that completed a long period of probability theory development up to the middle of XX-th century. The main idea of “accompanied infinitely divisible distributions” developed by B.V. Gnedenko, became a guidance in the limit theory of semimartingales as it is presented by Jacod and Shiryaev (1987) and others (Çinlar et al. 1980). The triplet of predictable characteristics for semimartingale is the main idea in investigation the limit behavior for the random evolutions in the scheme of Poisson approximation (Koroliuk and Limnios, Theory Probab Appl 49(4):629–644, 2005b).     

Almost sure local limit theorem for the Dickman distribution

We study the asymptotic behavior, and more precisely the second order properties, of the probabilistic model introduced in Hwang and Tsai (Comb Probab Comput 11(4):353–371, 2002) for describing the Dickman distribution. This model appears as an extremal example in the theory of the local and almost sure local limit theorem. We establish a delicate correlation inequality for this system. We apply it to obtain a fine almost sure local limit theorem. In doing so, we also give a corrected proof of the corresponding local limit theorem stated in Hwang and Tsai (Comb Probab Comput 11(4):353–371, 2002).     

Extensions of the Noncommutative Integration

In this paper we will continue the analysis undertaken in Bagarello et al. (Rend Circ Mat Palermo (2) 55:21–28, 2006), Bongiorno et al. (Rocky Mt J Math 40(6):1745–1777, 2010), Triolo (Rend Circ Mat Palermo (2) 60(3):409–416, 2011) on the general problem of extending the noncommutative integration in a *-algebra of measurable operators. As in Aiena et al. (Filomat 28(2):263–273, 2014), Bagarello (Stud Math 172(3):289–305, 2006) and Bagarello et al. (Rend Circ Mat Palermo (2) 55:21–28, 2006), the main problem is to represent different types of partial *-algebras into a *-algebra of measurable operators in Segal’s sense, provided that these partial *-algebras posses a sufficient family of positive linear functionals (states) (Fragoulopoulou et al., J Math Anal Appl 388(2):1180–1193, 2012; Trapani and Triolo, Stud Math 184(2):133–148, 2008; Trapani and Triolo, Rend Circolo Mat Palermo 59:295–302, 2010; La Russa and Triolo, J Oper Theory, 69:2, 2013; Triolo, J Pure Appl Math, 43(6):601–617, 2012). In this paper, a new condition is given in an attempt to provide a extension of the non commutative integration.     

New characterizations of the Takagi function via functional equations

We provide two new characterizations of the Takagi function as the unique bounded solution of some systems of two functional equations. The results are independent of those obtained by Kairies (Wy? Szko? Ped Krakow Rocznik Nauk Dydakt Prace Mat 196:73–82, 1998), Kairies (Aequ Math 53:207–241, 1997), Kairies (Aequ Math 58:183–191, 1999) and Kairies et al. (Rad Mat 4:361–374, 1989; Errata, Rad Mat 5:179–180, 1989).     

Integral and series representations of special functions related to the group <Emphasis Type="Italic">SO</Emphasis>(2, 2)

In this sequel to our earlier works [3, 14, 15], we aim to present certain integral and series representations for special functions by using some different group theoretical methods as follows: Restrictions of the representation matrix elements to some block-diagonal matrices; Poisson transform intertwining two realizations of the SO(2, 2)-representation; Invariant properties of the bilinear integral functionals which are used to obtain the matrix elements of bases transforms operators.     

Generation and Motion of Interfaces in One-Dimensional Stochastic Allen–Cahn Equation

In this paper we study a sharp interface limit for a stochastic reaction–diffusion equation which is parameterized by a sufficiently small parameter \(\varepsilon >0\). We consider the case that the noise is a space–time white noise multiplied by \(\varepsilon ^\gamma a(x)\) where the function a(x) is a smooth function which has compact support. First, we show a generation of interfaces for a one-dimensional stochastic Allen–Cahn equation with general initial values. We prove that interfaces are generated in time of order \(O(\varepsilon |\log \varepsilon |)\). After the generation of interfaces, we connect it to the motion of interfaces which was investigated by Funaki (Probab Theory Relat Fields 102(2):221–288, 1995) for special initial values. Funaki (Probab Theory Relat Fields 102(2):221–288, 1995) proved that the interface moved in a proper time scale obeying a certain stochastic differential equation (SDE) if the interface formed at the initial time. We take the time scale of order \(O(\varepsilon ^{-2\gamma - \frac{1}{2}})\). This time scale is the same as that of Funaki (Probab Theory Relat Fields 102(2):221–288, 1995) and interface moves in this time scale obeying some SDE with high probability.