On coincidence points for vector mappings

For mappings acting in the product of metric spaces we propose a concept of vector covering. This concept is a natural extension of the notion of covering formappings inmetric spaces. The statements on the solvability of systems of operator equations are proved for the case when the left-hand side of an equation is a value of a vector covering mapping and the right-hand side is Lipschitzian vector mapping. In the scalar case the obtained statements are equivalent to the coincidence point theorems by A. V. Arutyunov. As an application, we prove a statement on the existence of n-fold coincidence points and obtain estimates of the points. The sufficient conditions for n-fold fixed points existence, including the well-known theorems on double fixed point, follow from the obtained results.     

Covering mappings and their applications to differential equations unsolved for the derivative

We continue to study the properties of covering mappings of metric spaces and present their applications to differential equations. To extend the applications of covering mappings, we introduce the notion of conditionally covering mapping. We prove that the solvability and the estimates for solutions of equations with conditionally covering mappings are preserved under small Lipschitz perturbations. These assertions are used in the solvability analysis of differential equations unsolved for the derivative.     

Coincidence points of multivalued mappings in (<Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis><Subscript>1</Subscript>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis><Subscript>2</Subscript>)-quasimetric spaces

The properties of (q₁, q₂)-quasimetric spaces are examined. Multivalued covering mappings between (q₁, q₂)-quasimetric spaces are investigated. Given two multivalued mappings between (q₁, q₂)-quasimetric spaces such that one of them is covering and the other satisfies the Lipschitz condition, sufficient conditions for these mappings to have a coincidence point are obtained. A theorem on the stability of coincidence points with respect to small perturbations in the considered mappings is proved.     

The Lipschitzianity of convex vector and set-valued functions

It is well known that every scalar convex function is locally Lipschitz on the interior of its domain in finite dimensional spaces. The aim of this paper is to extend this result for both vector functions and set-valued mappings acting between infinite dimensional spaces with an order generated by a proper convex cone C. Under the additional assumption that the ordering cone C is normal, we prove that a locally C-bounded C-convex vector function is Lipschitz on the interior of its domain by two different ways. Moreover, we derive necessary conditions for Pareto minimal points of vector-valued optimization problems where the objective function is C-convex and C-bounded. Corresponding results are derived for set-valued optimization problems.     

Theory of (<Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis> <Subscript>1</Subscript>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis> <Subscript>2</Subscript>)-quasimetric spaces and coincidence points

We introduce (q₁, q₂)-quasimetric spaces and examine their properties. Covering mappings between (q₁, q₂)-quasimetric spaces are investigated. Sufficient conditions for the existence of a coincidence point of two mappings acting between (q₁, q₂)-quasimetric spaces such that one is a covering mapping and the other satisfies the Lipschitz condition are obtained.     

Stability of coincidence points and properties of covering mappings

Properties of closed set-valued covering mappings acting from one metric space into another are studied. Under quite general assumptions, it is proved that, if a given α-covering mapping and a mapping satisfying the Lipschitz condition with constant β < α have a coincidence point, then this point is stable under small perturbations (with respect to the Hausdorff metric) of these mappings. This assertion is meaningful for single-valued mappings as well. The structure of the set of coincidence points of an α-covering and a Lipschitzian mapping is studied. Conditions are obtained under which the limit of a sequence of α-covering set-valued mappings is an (α–?)-covering for an arbitrary ? > 0.     

Strong metric subregularity of mappings in variational analysis and optimization

Although the property of strong metric subregularity of set-valued mappings has been present in the literature under various names and with various (equivalent) definitions for more than two decades, it has attracted much less attention than its older “siblings”, the metric regularity and the strong (metric) regularity. The purpose of this paper is to show that the strong metric subregularity shares the main features of these two most popular regularity properties and is not less instrumental in applications. We show that the strong metric subregularity of a mapping F acting between metric spaces is stable under perturbations of the form $f+F$, where f is a function with a small calmness constant. This result is parallel to the Lyusternik–Graves theorem for metric regularity and to the Robinson theorem for strong regularity, where the perturbations are represented by a function f with a small Lipschitz constant. Then we study perturbation stability of the same kind for mappings acting between Banach spaces, where f is not necessarily differentiable but admits a set-valued derivative-like approximation. Strong metric q-subregularity is also considered, where q is a positive real constant appearing as exponent in the definition. Rockafellar's criterion for strong metric subregularity involving injectivity of the graphical derivative is extended to mappings acting in infinite-dimensional spaces. A sufficient condition for strong metric subregularity is established in terms of surjectivity of the Fréchet coderivative, and it is shown by a counterexample that surjectivity of the limiting coderivative is not a sufficient condition for this property, in general. Then various versions of Newton's method for solving generalized equations are considered including inexact and semismooth methods, for which superlinear convergence is shown under strong metric subregularity. As applications to optimization, a characterization of the strong metric subregularity of the KKT mapping is obtained, as well as a radius theorem for the optimality mapping of a nonlinear programming problem. Finally, an error estimate is derived for a discrete approximation in optimal control under strong metric subregularity of the mapping involved in the Pontryagin principle.     

On the quantitative asymptotic behavior of strongly nonexpansive mappings in banach and geodesic spaces

We give explicit rates of asymptotic regularity for iterations of strongly nonexpansive mappings T in general Banach spaces as well as rates of metastability (in the sense of Tao) in the context of uniformly convex Banach spaces when T is odd. This, in particular, applies to linear norm-one projections as well as to sunny nonexpansive retractions. The asymptotic regularity results even hold for strongly quasi-nonexpansive mappings (in the sense of Bruck), the addition of error terms and very general metric settings. In particular, we get the first quantitative results on iterations (with errors) of compositions of metric projections in CAT(?)-spaces (? > 0). Under an additional compactness assumption we obtain, moreover, a rate of metastability for the strong convergence of such iterations.     

Covering compact metric spaces greedily

A general greedy approach to construct coverings of compact metric spaces by metric balls is given and analyzed. The analysis is a continuous version of Chvátal’s analysis of the greedy algorithm for the weighted set cover problem. The approach is demonstrated in an exemplary manner to construct efficient coverings of the n-dimensional sphere and n-dimensional Euclidean space to give short and transparent proofs of several best known bounds obtained from constructions in the literature on sphere coverings.     

Inscribed Balls and Their Centers

A ball of maximal radius inscribed in a convex closed bounded set with a nonempty interior is considered in the class of uniformly convex Banach spaces. It is shown that, under certain conditions, the centers of inscribed balls form a uniformly continuous (as a set function) set-valued mapping in the Hausdorff metric. In a finite-dimensional space of dimension n, the set of centers of balls inscribed in polyhedra with a fixed collection of normals satisfies the Lipschitz condition with respect to sets in the Hausdorff metric. A Lipschitz continuous single-valued selector of the set of centers of balls inscribed in such polyhedra can be found by solving n + 1 linear programming problems.     

Differentiability of mappings in the geometry of Carnot manifolds

We study the differentiability of mappings in the geometry of Carnot-Carathéodory spaces under the condition of minimal smoothness of vector fields. We introduce a new concept of hc-differentiability and prove the hc-differentiability of Lipschitz mappings of Carnot-Carathéodory spaces (a generalization of Rademacher’s theorem) and a generalization of Stepanov’s theorem. As a consequence, we obtain the hc-differentiability almost everywhere of the quasiconformal mappings of Carnot-Carathéodory spaces. We establish the hc-differentiability of rectifiable curves by way of proof. Moreover, the paper contains a new proof of the functorial property of the correspondence “a local basis ? the nilpotent tangent cone.”     

Remarks on some fixed point results in <Emphasis Type="Italic">b</Emphasis>-metric spaces

The main purpose of this paper is to generalize, improve and complement several famous results in b-metric spaces. Moreover, an essential estimation of b-quasi-contraction in b-metric spaces is given. We also establish some new results for multi-valued mappings in the metric and b-metric concept. We explore some different proof techniques which provide short proofs of the results.     

关于1-序列商映射

引进了1-序列商映射，证明了1-序列商映射象保持sm-第一可数空间．作为这一结果的一个应用，本文证明了几乎开，闭映射保持度量空间，g-度量空间，sm-度量空间．此外本文还证明了度量空间上的1-序列商，紧映射是1-序列覆盖映射．这些结果改进并推广了广义度量空间映射象的有关理论．     

On mappings covering at a nonlinear rate and their perturbation stability

The present paper contains a study of covering (alias, openness) properties at a nonlinear rate for set-valued mappings between metric spaces. Such study is focussed on the stability of these properties in the presence of perturbations. A crucial result valid for linear openness, known as Milyutin’s theorem, is extended to set-valued mappings covering at a nonlinear rate under possibly non-Lipschitz perturbations. Consequently, a Lyusternik type theorem is derived from such extension and a general penalization principle for constrained optimization problems, which exploits nonlinear covering properties, is presented.     

Some Remarks on Perov Type Mappings in Cone Metric Spaces

Let \(\left( E,C,t\right) \) be a real ordered topological vector space and let (X, d) be a tvs-cone metric space over cone C. Using Proposition 19.9 of Deimling (Nonlinear functional analysis, Springer, Berlin, 1985), we show that E can be equipped with a norm such that C is a normal monotone solid cone. Hence, a tvs-cone metric space \(\left( X,d\right) \) over a solid cone C is a normal cone metric space over the same cone C. This assures that tvs-cone metric spaces are not a genuine generalization of cone metric spaces introduced by Huang and Zhang, recently. Further, if the cone C is solid then we have only cone metric spaces over normal solid cone (with coefficient of normality \(K=1\)). Here, we introduce also the notion of Sehgal–Guseman–Perov type mappings and we establish a result of existence and uniqueness of fixed points for this class of mappings.     

Caristi’s condition and existence of a minimum of a lower bounded function in a metric space. Applications to the theory of coincidence points

We consider a lower bounded function on a complete metric space. For this function, we obtain conditions, including Caristi’s conditions, under which this function attains its infimum. These results are applied to the study of the existence of a coincidence point of two mappings acting from one metric space to another. We consider both single-valued and set-valued mappings one of which is a covering mapping and the other is Lipschitz continuous. Special attention is paid to the study of a degenerate case that includes, in particular, generalized contraction mappings.     

Common Fixed Point Theorems in Non-normal Cone Metric Spaces with Banach Algebras

In this paper, we obtain a class of common fixed point theorems for generalized Lipschitz mappings in cone metric spaces with Banach algebras without the assumption of normality of cones. The results greatly generalize some results in the literature. Moreover, we give an example to support the main assertions.     

Some minimax problems in lexicographic order

In this paper, minimax theorems and saddle points for a class of vector-valued mappings f(x, y) = u(x)+β(x)v(y) are first investigated in the sense of lexicographic order, where u, v are two general vector-valued mappings and β is a non-negative real-valued function. Then, by applying the existence theorem of lexicographic saddle point, we investigate a lexicographic equilibrium problem and establish an equivalent relationship between the lexicographic saddle point theorem and existence theorem of a lexicographic equilibrium problem for vector-valued mappings.     

带有Banach代数的非正规锥度量空间中的公共不动点定理（英文）

In this paper, we obtain a class of common fixed point theorems for generalized Lipschitz mappings in cone metric spaces with Banach algebras without the assumption of normality of cones. The results greatly generalize some results in the literature. Moreover,we give an example to support the main assertions.