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1.
Synthesis and Crystal Strucure of NaPr2F3(SO4)2 Light green single crystals of NaPr2F3(SO4)2 have been obtained by the reaction of Pr2(SO4)3 and NaF in sealed gold ampoules at 1050 °C. In the crystal structure (monoclinic, I2/a, Z = 4, a = 822.3(1), b = 692.12(7), c = 1419.9(2) pm, β = 95.88(2)°) Pr3+ is coordinated by four F ions and six oxygen atoms which belong to five SO4 ions. Thus, one of the latter acts as a bidentate ligand. The [PrO6F4] units are connected via three common fluoride ions to pairs with a Pr–Pr distance of 386 pm. Na+ is sevenfold coordinated by three fluorine and four oxygen atoms.  相似文献   

2.
Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Thermal Behavior of Er2(SO4)3 · 8 H2O and Er2(SO4)3 · 4 H2O Evaporation of aqueous solutions of Er2(SO4)3 yields light pink single crystals of Er2(SO4)3 · 8 H2O. X-ray single crystal investigations show that the compound crystallizes monoclinically (C2/c, Z = 8, a = 1346.1(3), b = 667.21(1), c = 1816.2(6) pm, β = 101.90(3)°, Rall = 0.0169) with eightfold coordination of Er3+, according to Er(SO4)4(H2O)4. DSC- and temperature dependent X-ray powder investigations show that the decomposition of the hydrate follows a two step mechanism, firstly yielding Er2(SO4)3 · 3 H2O and finally Er2(SO4)3. Attempts to synthesize Er2(SO4)3 · 3 H2O led to another hydrate, Er2(SO4)3 · 4 H2O. There are two crystallographically different Er3+ ions in the triclinic structure (P 1, Z = 2, a = 663.5(2), b = 905.5(2), c = 1046.5(2) pm, α = 93.59(3)°, β = 107.18(2)°, γ = 99.12(3)°, Rall = 0.0248). Er(1)3+ is coordinated by five SO42– groups and three H2O molecules, Er(2)3+ is surrounded by six SO42– groups and one H2O molecule. The thermal decomposition of the tetrahydrate yields Er2(SO4)3 in a one step process. In both cases the dehydration produces the anhydrous sulfate in a modification different from the one known so far.  相似文献   

3.
The thermal decomposition of syngenite, K2Ca(SO4)2·H2O, formed during the treatment of liquid manure has been studied by thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, high temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared emission spectroscopy (IES). Gypsum was found as a minor impurity resulting in a minor weight loss due to dehydration around 100 °C. The main endothermic dehydration and decomposition stage of syngenite to crystalline K2Ca2(SO4)3 and amorphous K2SO4 is observed around 200 °C. The reaction involves a solid-state re-crystallisation, while water and the K2SO4 diffuse out of the existing lattice. The additional weight loss steps around 250 and 350 °C are probably due to presence of larger syngenite particles, which exhibit slower decomposition due to the slower diffusion of water and K2SO4 out of the crystal lattice. A minor endothermic sulphate loss around 450 °C is not due to the decomposition of syngenite or its products or of the gypsum impurity. The origin of this sulphate is not clear.  相似文献   

4.
A new coordination polymer having the formula [Pr(μ 5-S2O3)(μ 4-tp)0.5(H2O)] n (1) (S2O3 = thiosulfate dianion; tp = terephthalate dianions) was obtained by in situ reaction of Pr2(SO4)3 · 6H2O with H2tp ligands under solvothermal conditions (H2O/ethanol). The coordination polymer obtained was characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, thermogravimetry (TG), fluorescent spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The most intriguing structural feature is that the complex exhibits a 3D open framework resulting from bridge-linking coordination between ligands and praseodymium ions. Additionally, 1 has characteristic emission spectra of PrIII with good fluorescence properties. This is the first coordination polymer based on thiosulfate/terephthalate ligands and a rare earth metal and has an unprecedented pentadentate-bridge-linking coordination mode of the thiosulfate group.  相似文献   

5.
Structure and Thermal Behaviour of Gadolinium(III)-sulfate-octahydrate Gd2(SO4)3 · 8 H2O . Gd2(SO4)3 · 8 H2O crystallizes monoclinic with space group C2/c and the lattice constants a = 13.531(7), b = 6.739(2), c = 18.294(7) Å, β = 102.20(8)°. In the structure Gd is coordinated by 4 oxygen atoms of crystal water and 4 oxygens of sulfate giving rise to a distorted square antiprism. During DTA-TG-experiments the title compound first loses crystal water in a two-step mechanism in the temperature range 130–306°C. The resulting Gd2(SO4)3 is amorphous and recrystallization occurs in the range 380–411°C. The so-obtained low-temperature modification β-Gd2(SO4)3, undergoes a monotropic phase transition at about 750°C to the high-temperature form α-Gd2(SO4)3. The powder pattern of this modification was indexed based on monoclinic symmetry with space group C2/c and lattice constants a = 9.097(3), b = 14.345(5), c = 6.234(2) Å, β = 97.75(8)°. The hightemperature modification of gadolinium-sulfate shows decomposition to Gd2O2SO4 at 900°C and, subsequently, decomposition at 1 200°C yields the formation of C-Gd2O3.  相似文献   

6.
Rb{Pr6(C)2}I12 was obtained from a mixture of RbI, PrI3, Pr and C as black single crystals at elevated temperatures. The black crystals are triclinic, (no. 2), a = 960.1(2), b = 957.0(2), c = 1003.4(2) pm, α = 71.74(2), β = 70.69(2), γ = 72.38(2)°, V = 805.6(3) 106 pm3, Z = 1; R1 = 0.0868 for all 2749 measured independent reflections. Rb{Pr6(C)2}I12 contains {Pr6(C2)} clusters isolated from each other, surrounded by twelve edge‐bridging and six terminal ligands. The [{Pr6(C)2}Ii12Ia6]? units are connected via i‐a/a‐i bridges according to {Pr6C2}Ii6/1Ii‐a6/2Ia‐i6/2 with rubidium ions occupying twelve‐coordinate interstices.  相似文献   

7.
Author index     
The thermal decomposition of N2H5Nd(SO4)2·H2O has been studied by simultaneous TG and DSC and by isothermal weight change determination. The final product and the intermediate phases have been identified by chemical analysis, X-ray powder patterns and infrared spectroscopy. The solid phases in the decomposition sequence are: N2H5Nd(SO4)2· H2O → N2H5Nd(SO4)2 → NH4Nd(SO4)2 → Nd2(SO4)3. The reactions overlap under dynamicconditions, isothermally, however, NH4Nd(SO4)2 can be obtained by 200°C.  相似文献   

8.
Synthesis and Structure of New Sodium Hydrogen Sulfates Na(H3O)(HSO4)2, Na2(HSO4)2(H2SO4), and Na(HSO4)(H2SO4)2 Three acidic sodium sulfates have been synthesized from the system sodium sulfate/sulfuric acid and have been crystallographically characterized. Na(H3O)(HSO4)2 ( A ) crystallizes in the space group P21/c with the unit cell parameters a = 6.974(2), b = 13.086(2), c = 8.080(3) Å, α = 105.90(4)°, V = 709.1 Å3, Z = 4. Na2(HSO4)2(H2SO4) ( B ) is orthorhombic (space group Pna21) with the unit cell parameters a = 9.970(2), b = 6.951(1), c = 13.949(3) Å, V = 966.7 Å3 and Z = 4. Na(HSO4)(H2SO4)2 ( C ) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with the unit cell parameters a = 5.084(1), b = 8.746(1), c = 11.765(3) Å, α = 68.86(2)°, β = 88.44(2)°, γ = 88.97(2)°, V = 487.8 Å3 and Z = 2. All three compounds contain SO4 tetrahedra as HSO4? anions and additionally in B and C in form of H2SO4 molecules. The ratio H:SO4 determines the connectivity degree in the hydrogen bond system. In A , there are zigzag chains and dimers additionally connected via oxonium ions. Complex chains consisting of cyclic trimers (two HSO4? and one H2SO4) are present in B . In structure C , several parallel chains are connected to columns due to the greater content of H2SO4. Sodium cations show a distorted octahedral coordination by oxygen in all three structures, the NaO6 octahedra being “isolated” (connected via SO4 tetrahedra only) in A . Pairs of octahedra with common edge form Na2O10 dimeric units in C . Such double octahedra are connected via common corners forming zigzag chains in B .  相似文献   

9.
Hydrogen Sulfates with Disordered Hydrogen Atoms – Synthesis and Structure of Li[H(HSO4)2](H2SO4)2 and Refinement of the Structure of α-NaHSO4 The structure of Li[H(HSO4)2](H2SO4)2 has been determined for the first time whereas the structure of α-NaHSO4 has been refined, so that direct determination of the hydrogen positions was possible. Both compounds crystallize triclinic in the space group P1 with the lattice constants a = 6.708(2), b = 6.995(1), c = 7.114(1) Å, α = 75.53(1), β = 84.09(2) and γ = 87.57(2)° (Z = 4) for α-NaHSO4 and a = 4.915(1), b = 7.313(1), c = 8.346(2) Å, α = 82.42(3), β = 86.10(3) and γ = 80.93(3)° (Z = 1) for Li[H(HSO4)2](H2SO4)2. In both compounds there are disordered hydrogen positions. In the structure of α-NaHSO4 there are two crystallographically different HSO4? tetrahedra and two different coordinated Na atoms. The system of hydrogen bonds can be described by chains in [0–11] direction. The disordering of the H atoms reduces the differences between the S? O and S? OH distances (1.45 and 1.50 Å) while in the ordered HSO4 unit “regular” bond lengths are observed (1.45 und 1,57 Å). In the structure of Li[H(HSO4)2](H2SO4)2 there are two crystallographically different SO4-tetrahedra. The first one belongs to the [H(HSO4)2]? unit while the second one represents H2SO4 molecules. The H atom which is located nearby the symmetry centre and connects two HSO4 units by a short O…?O distance of 2.44 Å. Li is located on a symmetry centre and is slightly distorted octahedrally coordinated by oxygen atoms of six different SO4 tetrahedra. The system of hydrogen bonds can be regarded as consisting of double layers parallel to the xy-plane.  相似文献   

10.
[iPr2P]2P? SiMe3 and [iPr2P]2PLi – Synthesis and Reactions Structure of [iPr2P]2P? P[PiPr2]2 [iPr2P]2P? SiMe3 1 and [iPr2P]2PLi 2 were prepared to investigate the influence of the bulky alkyl groups on formation and properties of the ylides R2P? P?P(X)R2 (R = iPr, tBu; X = Br, Me) in reactions of 1 with CBr4 and of 2 with 1,2-dibromoethane or MeCl, resp. Compared to the iPr groups the tBu groups favour the formation of ylides. With CBr4 1 forms iPr2P? P?P(Br)iPr2 5 just as a minor product which decomposes already below ?30°C. With 1,2-dibromoethane 2 yields only traces of 5 but [iPr2P]P? P[P(iPr)2]2 7 as main product. With MeCl 2 gives iPrP? P?P(Me)iPr2 9 and [iPr2P]2PMe 10 in a molar ratio of 1:1. 9 is considerably more stable than 5. 7 crystallizes triclinic in the space group P1 (No. 2) with a = 10.813 Å, b = 11.967 Å, c = 15.362 Å, α = 67.90°, β = 71.36°, γ = 64.11° and two formula units in the unit cell.  相似文献   

11.
The thermal decomposition of iron sulphate hexahydrate was studied by thermogravimetry at a heating rate of 5°C min?1 in static air. The kinetic parameters were evaluated using the integral method by applying the Coats and Redfern approximation. The thermal stabilities of the hydrates were found to vary in the order. Fe2(SO4)3·6H2O → Fe2(SO4)3·4.5H2O → Fe2(SO4)3·0.5H2O The dehydration process of hydrated iron sulphate was found to conform to random nucleation mass loss kinetics, and the activation energies of the respective hydrates were 89.82, 105.04 and 172.62 kJ mol?1, respectively. The decomposition process of anhydrous iron sulphate occurs in the temperature region between 810 and 960 K with activation energies 526.52 kJ mol?1 for the D3 model or 256.05 kJ mol?1 for the R3 model.  相似文献   

12.
Two new borosulfates were obtained either by an open vessel synthesis from sulfuric acid and B(OH)3, yielding (NH4)3[B(SO4)3] or from solvothermal synthesis in oleum enriched sulfuric acid and B(OH)3, yielding Sr[B2(SO4)4]. (NH4)3[B(SO4)3] crystallizes homeotypic to K3[B(SO4)3] in space group Ibca (Z = 8, a = 728.58(3) pm, b = 1470.84(7) pm, c = 2270.52(11) pm), comprising open branched vierer single chains {1[B(SO4)2(SO4)2/2]3–}. Sr[B2(SO4)4] crystallizes as an ordered variant of Pb[B2(SO4)4] in space group Pnna (Z = 4, a = 1257.4(4) pm, b = 1242.1(4) pm, c = 731.9(2) pm), consisting of loop branched vierer single chains {1[B(SO4)4/2]2–}. Vibrational spectroscopy confirms both refined structure models. Thermal analysis of the dried powders, showed a decomposition towards the binary and ternary components, whereas a thermal treatment in the presence of the mother liquor promotes a decomposition of Sr[B2(SO4)4] towards Sr[B2O(SO4)3].  相似文献   

13.
以向日葵盘为原料,利用纤维素酶制备果胶(SFP)。采用静态失重、极化曲线和交流阻抗技术研究SFP在1mol/L HCl及0.5mol/L H_2SO_4溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀性能,并探讨其在碳钢表面的吸附机理。结果表明,缓蚀效率随SFP浓度增大而增大,随温度升高而降低。在HCl和H_2SO_4溶液中,SFP的吸附方式分别服从Langmuir和Temkin等温式,属于物理吸附;极化曲线测试显示SFP是一种混合型缓蚀剂。本文的研究表明,向日葵盘果胶是碳钢的绿色高效缓蚀剂,且在HCl溶液中的缓蚀性能优于在H_2SO_4溶液中。  相似文献   

14.
The non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of 4Na2SO4·2H2O2·NaCl have been investigated by simultaneous TG-DSC in nitrogen atmosphere and in air. The decomposition processes undergo a single step reaction. The multivariate nonlinear regression technique is used to distinguish kinetic model of 4Na2SO4·2H2O2·NaCl. Results indicate that the reaction type Cn can well describe the decomposition process, the decomposition mechanism is n-dimensional autocatalysis. The kinetic parameters, n, A and E are obtained via multivariate nonlinear regression. The n th-order with autocatalysis model is used to simulate the thermal decomposition of 4Na2SO4·2H2O2·NaCl under isothermal conditions at various temperatures. The flow rate of gas has little effect on the decomposition of 4Na2SO4·2H2O2·NaCl.  相似文献   

15.
To understand the structural and thermal properties of the mixed crystals, thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), and FTIR and Raman spectral studies were carried out for the mixed crystals of Zna/Mgb ammonium sulfate of composition namely 'a' (fraction by mass of salt Zn[NH4]2[SO4]2·6H2O to the total salt (both Zn[NH4]2[SO4]2·6H2O, Mg[NH4]2[SO4]2·6H2O or it can be explained as ZnaMgb[NH4]2[SO4]2·6H2O, a + b =1), and a = 0.1, 0.25, 0.333, 0.5, 0.666, 0.75 and 0.9 grown by a solution technique. From the correlation and analysis of the results obtained for the various crystals, the desolvation, decomposition, crystalline transition phenomena were identified. By close comparison of the endotherms, obtained for the various crystals, it was found that isomorphous substitution takes place in the crystals. Up to 0.5, Zn2+ ion replaces isomorphous Mg2+ ions in the lattice sites of Mg[NH4]2[SO4]2·6H2O and above 0.5, Mg2+ ions occupies the Zn2+ ion in the lattice sites of Zn[NH4]2[SO4]2·6H2O. Both crystals belong to monoclinic system with P 2(1)/a symmetry. The vibrations of NH4 + ion, SO4 2- ion, the complex [Mg(OH2)6]2+ the complex [Zn(OH2)6]2+ and the three different water molecules are identified. The linear distortion of SO4 2- ion is found to be greater than its angular distortion, while the NH4 + ion has suffered more angular distortion. The possibility of free rotation of the NH4 + ion is ruled out.  相似文献   

16.
The influence of substitution Pr for La and Ni for Co on hydrogen storage properties of Pr1-xLaxMgNi4-yCoy (х = 0; 0.5, у = 0–3) alloys were studied. The existences of solid solutions have been found. It is shown that the synthesized alloys absorb hydrogen at room temperature and hydrogen pressure 0.1–10 bar. For some of the studied compounds, the formation of hydrides with cubic and orthorhombic structures was found. Hydrogen capacity for Pr1-xLaxMgNi4-yCoy alloys increases with Co content increasing and reaches 6.6 H/f.u. for PrMgNi2Co2. For electrochemical hydrogenation different trend was observed. With increasing of Co content discharge capacity slightly increases only to y = 0.5, and after y > 0.5, decreases. Highest discharge capacity is equal to 305 mА∙h/g for Pr0.5La0.5MgNi3.5Co0.5, and 268 mА∙h/g for PrMgNi3.5Co0.5 at current densities 50 mА/g and 200 mA/g, respectively. Influence of Co and number of activation cycles on HRD value of PrMgNi4-yCoy alloys was investigated. Additionally, obtained results of the electrochemical properties were compared with related compounds.  相似文献   

17.
Synthesis, Structure, and Thermolysis of the (NH4)3[M2(NO3)9] (M ? La? Gd) The ternary ammonium nitrates (NH4)3[M2(NO3)9] (M ? La-Gd) are obtained as single crystals from a solution of the respective sesquioxides in a melt of NH4NO3 and sublimation of the excess NH4NO3. In the crystal structure of (NH4)3[Pr2(NO3)9] (cubic, P4332, Z = 4, a = 1 377.0(1) pm, R = 0.038, Rw = 0.023) Pr3+ is surrounded by six bidentate nitrate ligands of which three are bridging to neighbouring Pr3+ ions. This results in a branched folded chain, held together by the NH4+ ions which occupy cavities in the structure. (NH4)3[Pr2(NO3)9] is the first intermediate product of the thermal decomposition of (NH4)2[Pr(NO3)5(H2O)2] · 2H2O.  相似文献   

18.
The thermal properties of SO4 2?-intercalated Mg?CAl layered double hydroxide (SO4·Mg?CAl LDH) were investigated using simultaneous thermogravimetry?Cmass spectrometry (TG?CMS), and the elimination behavior of sulfur oxides from this double hydroxide was examined. The TG?CMS results showed that SO4·Mg?CAl LDH decomposed in five stages. The first stage involved evaporation of surface-adsorbed water and interlayer water in SO4·Mg?CAl LDH. In the second, third, and fourth stages, dehydroxylation of the brucite-like octahedral layers in SO4·Mg?CAl LDH occurred. The fifth stage corresponded to the elimination of SO4 2? intercalated in the interlayer of Mg?CAl LDH, producing SO2 and SO3. The thermal decomposition of SO4·Mg?CAl LDH resulted in the formation of SO2 and SO3 at 900?C1000?°C, which then reacted with H2O to form H2SO3 and H2SO4. The elimination of sulfur oxides increased with the decomposition time and temperature. Almost all of the intercalated SO4 2? was desulfurized from SO4·Mg?CAl LDH at 1000?°C; however, Mg?CAl oxide was not formed due to the production of MgO and MgAl2O4.  相似文献   

19.
The reaction of the NHC iPr2Im [NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene, iPr2Im = 1, 3‐bis(isopropyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene] with freshly prepared NiBr2 in thf or dme results in the formation of the air stable nickel(II) complex trans‐[Ni(iPr2Im)2Br2] ( 2 ). Complex 2 was structurally characterized. Thermal analysis (DTA/TG) reveals a very high decomposition temperature of 298 °C. Reduction of 2 with sodium or C8K in the presence of the olefins COD (cyclooctadiene) or COE (cyclooctene) affords the highly reactive compounds [Ni2(iPr2Im)4(COD)] ( 1 ) and [Ni(iPr2Im)2(COE)] ( 4 ). Alkylation of 2 with organolithiums leads to the formation of trans‐[Ni(iPr2Im)2(R)2] [R = Me ( 5 ), CH2SiMe3 ( 6 )], whereas the reaction of 2 with LiCp* [Cp* = (η5‐C5(CH3)5)] at 80 °C causes the loss of one NHC ligand and affords [(η5‐C5(CH3)5)Ni(iPr2Im)Br] ( 7 ).  相似文献   

20.
Na2[Pr4O2]Cl9 and K2[Pr4O2]Cl9, the First Reduced Quaternary Praseodymium Chlorides with Anti-SiS2 Analogous [Pr4/2O] Chains The compounds A2[Pr4O2]Cl9 (A = Na, K) are the first reduced quaternary praseodymium chlorides with anti-SiS2 analogous [Pr4/2O] chains. Synthesis took place in the temperature range from 900 to 600°C in silica-jacketed niobium containers from Pr metal, PrCl3, PrOCl and NaCl (KCl) as starting materials. The X-ray structure analysis of a single crystal of Na2[Pr4O2]Cl9 (monoclinic, P21/m (No. 11), Z = 2, a = 812.2(2) pm, b = 1 134.1(2) pm, c = 937.6(2) pm, β = 106.51(2)°, R = 0.048, Rw = 0.037) exhibits trans-edge connected chains of [Pr4/2O] tetrahedra running along [001] which are connected by surrounding common chloride ions forming layers parallel to (001). These layers are connected by further chloride ions to a three-dimensional network. The sodium ions surrounded by a heavily distorted octahedron of chloride ions are placed between the layers. The X-ray structure analysis of a single crystal of the otherwise isotypic K2[Pr4O2]Cl9 (monoclinic, P21/m (No. 11), Z = 2, a = 820.6(2) pm, b = 1 133.2(4) pm, c = 949.2(3) pm, β = 103.94(2)°, R = 0.073, Rw = 0.054) shows that potassium is coordinated by nine chloride ions.  相似文献   

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