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由北京师范大学物理教学实验中心(北京市实验教学示范中心)组编,北京师范大学出版社出版的物理专业实验系列教材,包括普通物理实验、现代物理实验、固体物理实验、计算物理实验、近代物理实验等,可作为普通高等学校尤其是师范院校的物理实验教材或教师教学参考书,现已出版的有<近代物理实验>和<普通物理实验>. 相似文献
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高考物理科的《考试说明》中明确指出,考生应具有理解能力、推理能力、分析综合能力、应用数学工具处理物理问题的能力与实验能力.其中对实验能力的要求是:能独立的完成所列的实验,能明确实验目的,能理解实验原理和方法,能控制实验条件,会使用仪器,会观察、分析实验现象,会记录、处理实验数据,并得出结论,对结论进行分析和评价;能发现问题、提出问题,并制定解决方案;能运用已学过的物理理论、实验方法和实验仪器去处理问题,包括简单的设计性实验. 相似文献
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演示实验是物理课堂教学中经常使用的教学手段,为使演示实验的利用达到课堂教学效果最优化,笔者从实验与教学环节、实验的启发性、实验与思维、实验与指导几个方面论述了这个问题。 相似文献
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物理实验能力是指运用实验理解、验证物理理论观点以及借助物理实验获得新认识的能力,它由实验基本能力、实验迁移能力和实验科研能力构成.本文分析了初中生物理实验能力发展的特点,指出了在初中实验教学中应重点培养第一级和第二级实验能力. 相似文献
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医学影像物理学是医学影像本科生重要的专业基础课程,理论性、实验性都很强,实验教学是重要环节之一.针对目前多数院校因实验设备短缺(医学影像设备普遍比较昂贵)、实验室防护措施很难保障(涉及放射防护),无法开设实验;同时缺乏恰当、便于实施又能充分培养学生素养的实验项目及实验指导.一方面开发增加仿真实验项目,方便实验设备短缺的院校可开设仿真实验;另一方面重新设计实验项目,在实验目标、实验内容、思考题中恰当融入思政元素,充分发挥实验环节在培养学生动手能力、探索精神、科学素养等方面的优势.经北华大学教学实践,获得了学生认可. 相似文献
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弗兰克-赫兹实验是理工科近代物理实验教学中的一个重要实验,由于弗兰克-赫兹实验手动测量数据时,所得数据量大而且精度不高,学生人工处理数据的过程中往往面临繁、难等问题.本文提出运用MATLAB GUI的可视化,通过自动读取人工测量实验数据,进行图像拟合,进而使用逐差法和最小二乘法进行数据处理.教学实践表明,该方法不仅能够有效地解决实验数据处理中的繁琐、困难等问题,还能够充分发挥学生的主动性,使学生对实验原理的本质和实验数据的处理有更加深刻的理解和思考,提高物理实验教学的有效性.在教学实践中,使用该方法,不仅有了更多的时间综合训练学生的实验操作能力,同时也提高了实验教学的有效性,创新了传统实验教学的复杂数据处理过程,实验教学效果较佳. 相似文献
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夫兰克-赫兹实验教学的发展与完善 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
根据不同时期对夫兰克-赫兹实验仪的改进及对实验内容的改革扩充,阐述了该实验教学的不断发展与完善.重点介绍了对第一代夫兰克-赫兹实验的改造,增加了数据采集、电脑显示及数据处理等功能,实现集模拟与数字化为一体的实验装置. 相似文献
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为满足核工程对核数据的需求,对20 MeV以下65Cu(n, p)65Ni 反应截面的实验数据进行了分析和评价,包括实验数据的收集、修正、选取、归一、误差调整和数据处理,在分析实验误差特别是关联误差的基础上构造了每家数据的协方差矩阵,最后利用样条拟合程序SPCC给出了评价截面数据和实验数据的协方差矩阵。评价不仅考虑了实验数据的误差,还考虑了数据间的相关性。To meet the needs for nuclear data engineering, the experimental data of the 65Cu(n, p)65Ni cross section below 20 MeV were analyzed and evaluated.The evaluation procedure includes the experimental data collection, correction, selection, normalization, error adjustment and data processing, especially the covariance matrix for each experimental data is constructed with the information on experimental errors and correlation errors. The evaluation cross section data and the corresponding covariance matrices were given using the spline fitting procedure SPCC. The evaluation work was done with the consideration of not only the experimental errors but also the correlation of data. 相似文献
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HL-2M 网络与数据管理包含了实验网络系统、数据存储与备份系统,以及实验数据库与实验信息管
理系统等。实验网络系统是装置运行的支持骨架,为各子系统提供互联通道和信号传输能力;数据存储与备份系
统为托卡马克实验提供数据的存储管理与容灾备份服务;实验数据库系统为元数据与科学数据提供了高效的检
索、访问与管理;实验信息管理系统为装置各子系统提供了参数配置管理、运行日志记录与运行值守管理,实现
了实验运行管理信息化,提高了实验运行效率。 相似文献
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Reconstruction of dynamic structures of experimental setups based on measurable experimental data only 下载免费PDF全文
Nowadays, massive amounts of data have been accumulated in various and wide fields, it has become today one of the central issues in interdisciplinary fields to analyze existing data and extract as much useful information as possible from data. It is often that the output data of systems are measurable while dynamic structures producing these data are hidden,and thus studies to reveal system structures by analyzing available data, i.e., reconstructions of systems become one of the most important tasks of information extractions. In the past, most of the works in this respect were based on theoretical analyses and numerical verifications. Direct analyses of experimental data are very rare. In physical science, most of the analyses of experimental setups were based on the first principles of physics laws, i.e., so-called top-down analyses. In this paper, we conducted an experiment of "Boer resonant instrument for forced vibration"(BRIFV) and inferred the dynamic structure of the experimental set purely from the analysis of the measurable experimental data, i.e., by applying the bottomup strategy. Dynamics of the experimental set is strongly nonlinear and chaotic, and it's subjects to inevitable noises. We proposed to use high-order correlation computations to treat nonlinear dynamics; use two-time correlations to treat noise effects. By applying these approaches, we have successfully reconstructed the structure of the experimental setup, and the dynamic system reconstructed with the measured data reproduces good experimental results in a wide range of parameters. 相似文献
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In order to explain experimental data of dielectric properties of water in the microwave region at temperature from 0 up to 90 °C and at frequencies from 9.5 to 75.4 GHz, we propose a new method. This method is based on normalizing all considered experimental data and presenting them in a sole Cole–Cole plot. The normalizing relation is derived with supposition that there exists a sole Debye dispersion region. As the result of this normalization, we present the data of various experimental groups made at various temperatures and frequencies, and, hence, we get the possibility to process at the same time various experimental data. The analysis carried out in wide frequency range from ωτ1 to ωτ≈10 showed that dielectric permittivity of water cannot be completely explained in the model of a sole Debye relaxation region. It was shown that it is enough to suppose two relaxation Debye regions. The processing of experimental data allowed us to determine the parameters of these regions. 相似文献
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An iterative procedure is presented for determining a static nuclear charge distribution from experimental electron scattering cross sections and muonie atom X-ray transition energies. The errors and error correlations implied by the independent statistical errors in the experimental data are expressed in coordinate space, and kernels are derived which specify the linear constraints imposed on the charge density by the experimental data. Pseudo-experimental data for 208Pb, generated from a known charge distribution, are used to demonstrate the validity of the procedure. A detailed analysis of experimental data for 208Pb is presented, utilizing electron scattering data at five different energies and six muonic energy levels. The theoretical implications of this work concerning quantum density fluctuations and the possible existence of a central depression are discussed. 相似文献