STABILITY OF A KIND OF COMPOUND BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM WITH RESPECT TO THE PERTURBATION OF BOUNDARY CURVE

In this paper, we discuss the stability of general compound boundary value prob-lems combining Riemann boundary value problem for an open arc and Hilbert bound-ary value problem for a unit circle with respect to the perturbation of boundary curve.     

Boundary Behavior of Functions in the de Branges–Rovnyak Spaces

This paper deals with the boundary behavior of functions in the de Branges–Rovnyak spaces. First, we give a criterion for the existence of radial limits for the derivatives of functions in the de Branges–Rovnyak spaces. This criterion generalizes a result of Ahern–Clark. Then we prove that the continuity of all functions in a de Branges–Rovnyak space on an open arc I of the boundary is enough to ensure the analyticity of these functions on I. We use this property in a question related to Bernstein’s inequality. Received: May 10, 2007. Revised: August 8, 2007. Accepted: August 8, 2007.     

On boundaries and influences

We prove an inequality relating the size of the boundary of a monotone subset of {0,1} ⁿ and the influences of the coordinates upon this set. It shows that if the boundary (resp. the influences) are small, the influences (resp. the boundary) are large.Work partially supported by an NSF grant.     

Separation of representations with quadratic overgroups

Any unitary irreducible representation π of a Lie group G defines a moment set Iπ, subset of the dual g^? of the Lie algebra of G. Unfortunately, Iπ does not characterize π. If G is exponential, there exists an overgroup G⁺ of G, built using real-analytic functions on g^?, and extensions π⁺ of any generic representation π to G⁺ such that Iπ⁺ characterizes π.In this paper, we prove that, for many different classes of group G, G admits a quadratic overgroup: such an overgroup is built with the only use of linear and quadratic functions.     

Weighted exponential approximation and non-classical orthogonal spectral measures

A long-standing open problem in harmonic analysis is: given a non-negative measure μ onR, find the infimal width of frequencies needed to approximate any function inL²(μ). We consider this problem in the “perturbative regime”, and characterize asymptotic smallness of perturbations of measures which do not change that infimal width. Then we apply this result to show that there are no local restrictions on the structure of orthogonal spectral measures of one-dimensional Schrödinger operators on a finite interval. This answers a question raised by V.A. Marchenko.     

ON Subspaces OF NON-Reflexive Orlicz Spaces

Abstract

Kadec and Pelczýnski have shown that every non-reflexive subspace of L ¹ (μ) contains a copy of l ₁ complemented in L ¹(μ). On the other hand Rosenthal investigated the structure of reflexive subspaces of L ¹(μ) and proved that such sub-spaces have non-trivial type. We show the same facts to hold true for a special class of non-reflexive Orlicz spaces. In particular we show that if F is an N-function in δ₂ with its complement G satisfying limt→∞ G(ct)/G(t) = ∞, then every non-reflexive subspace of L*_F contains a copy of l ₁ complemented in L*_F. Furthermore we establish the fact that if F is an N-function in δ₂ with its complement G satisfying limt→∞ G(ct)/G(t) = ∞, then every reflexive subspace of L*_F has non-trivial type.     

Tracking poles and representing Hankel operators directly from data

Summary We propose and analyse a method of estimating the poles near the unit circleT of a functionG whose values are given at a grid of points onT: we give an algorithm for performing this estimation and prove a convergence theorem. The method is to identify the phase for an estimate by considering the peaks of the absolute value ofG onT, and then to estimate the modulus by seeking a bestL ² fit toG over a small arc by a first order rational function. These pole estimates lead to the construction of a basis ofL ² which is well suited to the numerical representation of the Hankel operator with symbolG and thereby to the numerical solution of the Nehari problem (computing the bestH , analytic, approximation toG relative to theL norm), as analysed in [HY]. We present the results of numerical tests of these algorithms.Partially supported by grants from the AFOSR and NSF     

Oscillation in the initial segment complexity of random reals

We study oscillation in the prefix-free complexity of initial segments of 1-random reals. For upward oscillations, we prove that _∑n∈ω²−g(n) diverges iff (^∃∞n)K(X?n)>n+g(n) for every 1-random X∈ω². For downward oscillations, we characterize the functions g such that (^∃∞n)K(X?n)<n+g(n) for almost every X∈ω². The proof of this result uses an improvement of Chaitin's counting theorem—we give a tight upper bound on the number of strings σ∈n² such that K(σ)<n+K(n)−m.The work on upward oscillations has applications to the K-degrees. Write XK_?Y to mean that K(X?n)?K(Y?n)+O(1). The induced structure is called the K-degrees. We prove that there are comparable () 1-random K-degrees. We also prove that every lower cone and some upper cones in the 1-random K-degrees have size continuum.Finally, we show that it is independent of ZFC, even assuming that the Continuum Hypothesis fails, whether all chains of 1-random K-degrees of size less than ℵ₀² have a lower bound in the 1-random K-degrees.     

The Structure of the Closure of the Rational Functions in <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis></Superscript>(μ)

Let K be a compact subset in the complex plane and let A(K) be the uniform closure of the functions continuous on K and analytic on K°. Let μ be a positive finite measure with its support contained in K. For 1 ≤ q < ∞, let A^q(K, μ) denote the closure of A(K) in L^q(μ). The aim of this work is to study the structure of the space A^q(K, μ). We seek a necessary and sufficient condition on K so that a Thomson-type structure theorem for A^q(K, μ) can be established. Our theorem deduces J. Thomson’s structure theorem for P^q(μ), the closure of polynomials in L^q(μ), as the special case when K is a closed disk containing the support of μ.     

$L^2$-Approximations of power and logarithmic functions with applications to numerical conformal mapping

Summary. For a bounded Jordan domain G with quasiconformal boundary L, two-sided estimates are obtained for the error in best polynomial approximation to functions of the form , and , where . Furthermore, Andrievskii's lemma that provides an upper bound for the norm of a polynomial in terms of the norm of is extended to the case when a finite linear combination (independent of n) of functions of the above form is added to . For the case when the boundary of G is piecewise analytic without cusps, the results are used to analyze the improvement in rate of convergence achieved by using augmented, rather than classical, Bieberbach polynomial approximants of the Riemann mapping function of G onto a disk. Finally, numerical results are presented that illustrate the theoretical results obtained. Received September 1, 1999 / Published online August 17, 2001     

An F. and M. Riesz theorem for planar vector fields

We prove that solutions of the homogeneous equation Lu=0, where L is a locally integrable vector field with smooth coefficients in two variables possess the F. and M. Riesz property. That is, if is an open subset of the plane with smooth boundary, satisfiesLu=0 on , has tempered growth at the boundary, and its weak boundary value is a measure , then is absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure on the noncharacteristic portion of . Received March 10, 2000 / Published online April 12, 2001     

BOUNDARY LAYER SOLUTION FOR p-SYSTEM WITH ARTIFICIAL VISCOSITY

An initial-boundary values problem in the half space （0, ∞ ） for p-system with artificial viscosity is investigated. It is shown that there exists a boundary layer solution. It is further proved that the boundary layer solution is nonlinear stable with arbitrarily large perturbation. The proof is given by an elementary energy method.     

A Class of Operators Similar to the Shift on H 2(G)

For a compact subset K in the complex plane, let A(K) denote the algebra of all functions continuous on K and analytic on K° and let R(K) denote the uniform closure of the rational functions with poles off K. Let G is a bounded open subset whose complement in the plane has a finite number of components. Suppose that and every function in H^∞(G) is the pointwise limit of a bounded sequence of functions in . The purpose of this paper is to characterize all subnormal operators similar to M_z, the operator of multiplication by the independent variable z on the Hardy space H²(G). We also characterize all bounded linear operators that are unitarily equivalent to M_z in the case when each of the components of G is simply connected. In particular, our similarity result extends a well-known result of W. Clary on the unit disk to multiply connected domains.     

Multiplication operators on the Bergman space via analytic continuation

In this paper, using the group-like property of local inverses of a finite Blaschke product ?, we will show that the largest C^?-algebra in the commutant of the multiplication operator M? by ? on the Bergman space is finite dimensional, and its dimension equals the number of connected components of the Riemann surface of ?−1°? over the unit disk. If the order of the Blaschke product ? is less than or equal to eight, then every C^?-algebra contained in the commutant of M? is abelian and hence the number of minimal reducing subspaces of M? equals the number of connected components of the Riemann surface of ?−1°? over the unit disk.     

The implicit function theorem in a non-Archimedean setting

In this paper, the inverse function theorem and the implicit function theorem in a non-Archimedean setting will be discussed. We denote by N any non-Archimedean field extension of the real numbers that is real closed and Cauchy complete in the topology induced by the order; and we study the properties of locally uniformly differentiable functions from Nⁿ to N^m. Then we use that concept of local uniform differentiability to formulate and prove the inverse function theorem for functions from Nⁿ to Nⁿ and the implicit function theorem for functions from Nⁿ to N^m with m<n.     

On the continuation of solutions for elliptic equations in two variables

We consider nonlinear elliptic differential equations of second order in two variables

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. Supposing analyticity of F, we prove analyticity of the real solution z=z(x,y) in the open set Ω. Furthermore, we show that z may be continued as a real analytic solution for F=0 across the real analytic boundary arc Γ∂Ω, if z satisfies one of the boundary conditions z= or z_n=ψ(x,y,z,z_t) on Γ with real analytic functions and ψ, respectively (z_n denotes the derivative of z w.r.t. the outer normal n on Γ and z_t its derivative w.r.t. the tangent). The proof is based on ideas of H. Lewy combined with a uniformization method. Studying quasilinear equations, we get somewhat better results concerning the initial regularity of the given solution and a little more insight.     

Skew-symmetric association schemes with two classes and strongly regular graphs of type L 2n−1(4n−1)

A construction of a pair of strongly regular graphs ⁿ and ⁿ of type L _2n–1(4n–1) from a pair of skew-symmetric association schemes W, W of order 4n–1 is presented. Examples of graphs with the same parameters as ⁿ and ⁿ, i.e., of type L _2n–1(4n–1), were known only if 4n–1=p ³, where p is a prime. The first new graph appearing in the series has parameters (v, k, )=(225, 98, 45). A 4-vertex condition for relations of a skew-symmetric association scheme (very similar to one for the strongly regular graphs) is introduced and is proved to hold in any case. This has allowed us to check the 4-vertex condition for ⁿ and ⁿ, thus to prove that ⁿ and ⁿ are not rank three graphs if n>2.     

Strongly Exposed Points in the Ball of the Bergman Space

We investigate which boundary points in the closed unit ball of the Bergman space A¹ are strongly exposed. This requires study of the Bergman projection and its kernel, the annihilator of Bergman space. We show that all polynomials in the boundary of the unit ball are strongly exposed.     

Grothendieck groups of unbounded complexes of finitely generated modules

Let Λ be a left Artinian ring, D⁺(mod Λ) (resp., D⁻(mod Λ), D(mod Λ)) the derived category of bounded below complexes (resp., bounded above complexes, unbounded complexes) of finitely generated left Λ-modules. We show that the Grothendieck groups K₀(D⁺(mod Λ)), K₀(D⁻(mod Λ)) and K₀(D(mod Λ)) are trivial. Received: 7 April 2005