激光晶体的研究动向

本文概述了近年来激光晶体的研究动向。介绍了适用于激光二极管泵浦的激光晶体、近红外和近紫外可调谐的激光晶体、新波长激光晶体以及高功率连续和高平均功率激光晶体等方面研究工作的概况。     

激光晶体的化学键和折射率

利用介电描述的化学键理论求得８种激光基质晶体的化学键参数和晶体的折射率，计算的折射率和实验测量值符合较好。     

YAG∶Er晶体中的自饱和跃迁和激光波长红移

用提拉法生长出ＹＡＧ∶Ｅｒ晶体，测定和分析了晶体的晶胞参数。讨论了＾２Ｈ１１／２，＾４Ｓ３／２，＾４Ｆ９／２能级的发光与猝灭，＾４Ｉ１１／２→＾４Ｉ１３／２自饱和跃迁的变化规律及激光波长红移的有关因素。     

Nd3+:LiLa(MoO4)2晶体生长、光谱和激光特性

本论文报道了Nd3+:LiLa(MoO4)2晶体生长、光谱和激光特性.采用提拉法生长出尺寸为φ20×34mm3的Nd+3+:LiLa(MoO4)2晶体.应用Judd-Ofelt理论计算了Nd3+离子在Nd3+:LiLa(MoO4)2晶体中唯象强度、自发发射跃迁几率、荧光分支比、辐射跃迁寿命和荧光量子效率.Nd3+:LiLa(MoO4)2晶体的偏振吸收跃迁截面分别为9.52×10-20cm2(π-偏振)和4.46×10-20cm2(σ-偏振).它的偏振发射跃迁截面分别为0.67×10-19cm2(σ-偏振)和1.02×10-19cm2(σ-偏振).在氙灯泵浦下,获得74.4mJ的1.06μm的激光输出,激光阈值为0.676J,激光总效率和斜率效率分别为0.39;和0.48;.     

Thermal and Laser Properties of Nd:YVO4 Crystal

Nd:YVO₄ crystal has been grown by Czochralski method. The data of thermal expansion and specific heat have been measured. The thermal expansion coefficients along a- and c-axis are a₁ = 2.2 x 10^-6 /K, and a₃ = 8.4 x 10^-6 /K respectively. The specific heat is 24.6 cal/mol x K at 330 K. The large anisotropy along c- and a-axis of thermal expansion coefficients is explained by the structure of YVO₄ crystal. 921 mW output laser at 1.06 mikrom has been obtained with a 3 mm x 3 mm x 1mm crystal sample when pumped by 1840 mW cw laser diode, and the slope efficiency is 55.5%.     

Thermal and laser properties of Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 crystal

Large optical-quality Yb:YAl₃(BO₃)₄(Yb:YAB) crystals have been grown by the flux method. The thermal properties of Yb:YAB crystal were measured for the first time. The thermal properties of Yb:YAB crystal with different Yb³⁺ ion concentrations are also reported. The results show that the ytterbium concentration influences the properties of Yb:YAB crystal. The specific heat decreases with the increase of Yb³⁺ ion concentrations in the experiment range. Apparently, the thermal expansion coefficient increases along the c-direction with the increase of Yb³⁺ ion concentrations, while it changes slightly along the a-direction. The output laser in 1120–1140 nm ranges has been demonstrated pumped by InGaAs laser. The slope efficiency is 3.8%. The self-frequency-doubling output power of 1 mW is achieved.     

Growth and properties of Nd:Lu3Ga5O12 laser crystal by floating-zone method

Neodymium (Nd) doped lutetium gallium garnet (Nd:Lu₃Ga₅O₁₂, Nd:LuGG) single crystal was successfully grown by the optical floating-zone method for the first time to our knowledge. Its absorption and luminescence spectra at room temperature were measured. By using the J–O theory, the spectral parameters of Nd:LuGG were calculated, which indicated that Nd:LuGG should possess comparable and even better laser properties than Nd:YAG. The maximum output power of 855 mW at 1062 nm was achieved with slope efficiency of 23.4% under a pump power of 5.2 W, and optical conversion efficiency of 16.4%. All the results show that Nd:LuGG is a potential laser material.     

Growth of Nd:GdVO4 Single Crystal and its Laser Output at 1062 nm,1342 nm

A new liquid‐phase method synthesizing Nd:GdVO₄ polycrystalline materials was introduced. High optical quality Nd:GdVO₄ single crystals have been successfully grown by the Czochralski method. The effective segregation coefficients of Nd ion in Nd:GdVO₄ crystal have been measured and discussed. Laser outputs at 1.06 μm and at 1.34 μm were achieved when Nd:GdVO₄ crystal samples of 0.52 at% Nd concentration were pumped by a high‐power LD. A maximum output of 14.5 W at 1.06 μm has been obtained when the pump power is to 26 W, giving the slope efficiency of 63%. It is reported the first time that up to 4.64 W power laser at 1.34 μm has been achieved with optical conversion efficiency of 31.4% and slope efficiency of 32.9%.     

NdxLa2−xCaB10O19: Synthesis and characterization

Solid solutions of Nd_xLa_2−xcaB₁₀O₁₉ with different Na³⁺ concentration have been synthesized by substituting Nd ³⁺ for La³⁺ in La₂CaB₁₀O₁₉ Powder X-ray diffraction analysis shows that Nd³⁺ is easy to incorporate into the crystal. Single crystal nd_xLa_2−xCaB₁₀O₁₉ (NLCB) in centimeter size has been grown by Kyropoulos method. The crystal has strong absorption around 580nm and 805nm. The fluorescence spectra indicate that there is an energy transition at 1.06μm. And the SHG of NLCB is about the twice as that of KDP. These favorable features make NLCB a candidate for laser NLO multifunctional materials.     

Cr,Nd:GSAG晶体生长、光谱及LD泵浦激光性能研究

Cr,Nd:GSAG是一种性能优良的激光晶体,但是关于它的LD泵浦激光性能的研究很少.用提拉法生长了Cr,Nd:GSAG晶体,测定了它的化学成分、结构,初步测试了它的激光性能.晶体的(111)面X射线摇摆曲线半高全宽为0.055°.采用Rietveld方法精修X射线粉末衍射谱得到了Cr,Nd:GSAG晶体的原子结构参数、温度因子等.Cr,Nd:GSAG的最强吸收峰位于808.6nm处,吸收截面为3.38×10-20cm2.808nm光激发下,Cr,Nd:GSAG的最强发射峰位于1060nm,发射截面为6.04×10-20cm2,并测得激光上能级4F3/2的荧光寿命为274μs.利用808nm连续波LD泵浦实现了1060nm的激光输出,在输入功率为8.88W时,最大输出功率为0.513W,斜效率为6.73;,光-光转换效率为5.78;.此外还讨论了Cr,Nd:GSAG晶体中的Cr3+与Nd3+之间的能量传递机理.     

双温区热扩散掺杂Fe2+∶ZnSe激光晶体的制备及激光输出性能

本文以CVD ZnSe晶片为基质材料,以FeSe粉末为掺杂物,采用双温区热扩散掺杂技术获得了尺寸为Ø22 mm×4 mm的Fe²⁺∶ZnSe激光晶体。通过二次离子质谱(SIMS)测试该晶体样品表面铁离子浓度为3.43×10¹⁸ cm^-3,并通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了晶体样品中铁元素的离子价态。采用UV/Vis/NIR分光光度计和傅里叶红外光谱仪测试了Fe²⁺∶ZnSe激光晶体的透过谱图。测试结果显示,在3.0 μm处出现了明显的Fe²⁺吸收峰,峰值透过率为5.5%。以波长为2.93 μm的Cr, Er∶YAG激光器为泵浦源,温度77 K时抽运尺寸10 mm×10 mm×4 mm的 Fe²⁺∶ZnSe晶体,获得了能量为191 mJ、中心波长4.04 μm的中红外激光输出,光光转换效率13.84%。     

Growth and characterization of Nd:CLNGG crystal

The disordered laser crystal neodymium-doped calcium lithium niobium gallium garnet (Nd:CLNGG) was successfully grown by the Czochralski method. Its thermal properties, including the average linear thermal expansion coefficient, thermal diffusion coefficient, specific heat, and thermal conductivity were measured, and continuous-wave (CW) laser performance at 1.06 μm was demonstrated. The maximum power of 1.48 W was achieved with corresponding optical conversion efficiency of 12.4% and slope efficiency of 16.2%.     

Growth and self-frequency doubling laser output of Nd : Ca4Gd0.275Y0.725O(BO3)3 crystal

In this letter, Nd : Ca₄Gd_0.275Y_0.725O(BO₃)₃ (Nd : GdYCOB) single crystal with good optical quality and large size has been grown by the Czochralski method. The absorption and fluorescence spectra have been measured. The self-frequency doubling (SFD) laser output of Nd : GdYCOB at 0.53 μm has been demonstrated when a Nd : GdYCOB crystal sample with dimensions of 3 mm×3 mm×7 mm (the phase-matched angle is θ=78.8°, Φ=90°) is pumped by a cw Ti : sapphire laser.