在非离子表面活性剂存在下结晶紫-硅钼杂多酸光度法测定痕量硅的研究

本文研究了在非离子表面活性剂存在下结晶紫-硅钼杂多酸离于缔合物的分光光度性质,建立了灵敏度较高的水相测定痕量硅的分光光度法。硅量在0-3.0μg/25ml范围符合比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.45×10⁵。还讨论了离子缔合物的结构特点。测定实际样品的结果令人满意。     

Application of 2,2'-dithiobis(4-methylthiazole) as sensing material for construction of Lu~(3+) PVC-membrane sensor

In this work a new Lu³⁺ PVC-membrane sensor based on 2,2’-dithiobis（4-methylthiazole）（TMT） has been fabricated.The sensor exhibits a Nernstian slope of 19.6±0.4 mV decade（?） in the concentration range of 1.0×10⁶-1.0×10² mol L¹ and a detection limit of 6.8×10⁷ mol L¹.It could work well in the pH range of 2.7-9.6.The selectivity of the sensor against a lot of common alkaline,alkaline earth,transition,heavy metals and specially lanthanide ions was very good.     

铌-4,5-二溴苯基萤光酮-表面活性剂显色体系的研究——高灵敏分光光度法测定合金钢中的微量铌

铌的高灵敏度、高选择性的光度法似尚少见。最近有人^[1]合成过4,5-二溴苯基萤光酮(下称Br-PF),但至今未见该试剂用于铌的胶束增溶光度法的测定。为此本文较系统地研究了在CTAB及乳化剂OP存在下Nb(V)与Br-PF的显色条件,结果表明本法具有很高的灵敏度(ε=2.1×10⁵)和较高的选择性(存在掩蔽剂),可不经任何分离直接在水相中测定合金钢中的微量铌。     

Flow Injection Chemiluminescence Method for Nalbuphine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) Chloride-diperiodatocuprate(III) Reaction

Asensitive and selective method employing chemiluminescence(CL) coupled with flow injection(FI) is reported for nalbuphine hydrochloride(NAL) assay in pharmaceutical formulations. The enhancement effect of NAL on the CL reaction between tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride-diperiodatocuprate(III) {Ru[(bpy)₃]²⁺-Cu(III) complex} in acidic medium is used as analytical measurement. The optimal conditions of the CL reaction were sulfuric acid 1.0×10^-3 mol/L, Ru[(bpy)₃]²⁺ 7.5×10^-5 mol/L, Cu(III)/Ag(III) complexes 4.0×10^-4/5.0×10^-4 mol/L, sample loop volume of 120 μL and flow rate of 2.5 mL/min. The sensitivities of the method in terms of detection(S/N=3) and quantification(S/N=10) limits are 5×10^-4 and 0.001 ppm(1 ppm=1 mg/L), respectively. The linear response of the instrument in the form of CL intensity with respect to NAL concentration is over the range 0.001-15.0 ppm(R²=0.9999) with relative standard deviation from 0.8% to 3.2% and injection throughput of 120 injection/h. The applications of the method include the quantitative analysis of NAL in pharmaceutical injection samples. Variations and the average results of the proposed method are not signi-ficantly different from the results of a reported method by applying F- and paired student t-test. The most likely CL reaction mechanism is written in accordance with spectrophotometric and CL studies.     

基于毛细管电泳的苦参碱转运过程中的血清白蛋白行为成像

利用毛细管电泳（CE）技术在体外条件下建立了苦参碱（MT）与血清白蛋白（SA）相互作用的分析方法。生理条件下通过淌度移动法和前沿分析法（FA）研究苦参碱与血清白蛋白的结合状况，构建配体（MT）-受体（SA）相互作用模型。其中，淌度移动法采用非线性拟合方法获得苦参碱与人血清白蛋白（HSA）结合参数；FA运用非线性回归方程、Scatchard方程、Klotz方程3种方程获得苦参碱与人血清白蛋白结合参数，分析其相互作用状况进而分析模型适用度。利用淌度移动法可知，人血清白蛋白与苦参碱表观结合常数K_B为8.072×10³ mol/L；利用FA法可知，采用非线性回归方程、Scatchard方程、Klotz方程3种方程获得苦参碱与人血清白蛋白表观结合常数K_B分别为1.434×10³、1.781×10³和2.133×10³ mol/L，且二者结合位点数在1.0左右，说明苦参碱与人血清白蛋白作用只有单一类型的结合位点。通过计算分析得到3个方程的相关系数（r），关系为r_Klotz > r_非线性 > r_Scatchard。结果表明：淌度移动法和FA法均适用于分析MT-HSA体系的结合状况；由于FA法可以计算出表观结合常数的同时又能计算出结合位点数，因而更适合MT-HSA体系的分析研究；分析比较得出3种方程之中Klotz方程为最适理论模型。结合参数表明，MT-HSA相互作用体系之间发生的结合反应为单一类型的结合位点且结合稳定。相关工作阐明了典型生物碱与血清白蛋白的相互作用机制，可为生物碱的血液输运机制的深入研究提供有益参考。     

The extraction equilibria of the ion associate of periodate with 1-(3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazinecarboxyl) guanidine

The extraction equilibrium of the ion-associate of periodate with 1-(3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazinecarboxyl) guanidine hydrochloride (DPG⁺Cl⁻) was investigated spectrophotometrically. The optimum conditions for the extraction of the ion associate DPG⁺·IO₄⁻ with cyclohexanone have been established. The ion association constants, β, K_D and K_ex and the molar absorpativity of the formed ion associate were determined. These values enable a convenient application of the investigated system for the extraction spectrophotometric determination of periodate ions in the aqueous media. The molar ratio of the ion associate was found to be 1:1 of periodate to the reagent DPG⁺Cl⁻ at pH 4–5.     

Design,Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and SARs of Anthranilic Diamide Derivatives Containing Pyrrole Moieties

In order to find a new variety of ryanodine receptor(RyR) regulator with greater biological activity, a series of anthranilic diamide derivatives possessing pyrrole structure was designed and synthesized in this study. The pyrrole derivatives were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against Mythimna separata and Plutella xylostella. As indicated by the preliminary biological activities, compounds 12h-12j and 12l-12n exhibited a remarkable insecticidal activity against M. separata at 0.25 mg/L. Compared to control chlorantraniliprole, compound 12j exhibited more excellent insecticidal activity at 0.1 mg/L. Meanwhile, compounds 12c, 12h, 12i, 12j, 12l, and 12m were selected to test the insecticidal activity against P. xylostella, which led to the desirable insecticidal activity at 1×10^-3 mg/L. Notably, compound 12l demonstrated 47% insecticidal activity at 5×10^-6mg/L over the control. In addition, the biological mechanism of action of compound 12j was investigated by means of insect electrophysiology experiment.     

Electroanalysis and simultaneous determination of dopamine and epinephrine at poly(isonicotinic acid)-modified carbon paste electrode in the presence of ascorbic acid

A carbon paste electrode modified with electropolymerized fills of isonicotinic acid was developed.The modified electrode shows excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of both dopamine(DA)and epinephrine(EP).Separation of the reduction peak potentials for dopamine and epinephrine was about 357 mV in pH 5.3 phosphate buffer solution(PBS)and the character was used for the detection DA and EP simultaneously.The peak currents increase linearly with DA and EP concentration over the range of 8.0×10-5 to 7.0×10-4 mol/L and 5.0×10-6 to 1.0×10-4 mol/L with detection limits of 2 × 10-5 and 1×10-6 mol/L,respectively.The interference studies showed that the modified electrode exhibits excellent selectivity in the presence of large excess of ascorbic acid(AA).     

A comparative study of four 20-membered N2S4-crown ethers as ionophores for polymeric membrane silver selective electrodes

<正>Four 20-membered N_2S_4-monoazathiacrown ethers have been synthesized and explored as neutral ionophores for Ag~+-selective electrodes.Potentiometric responses reveal that the flexibility of the ligands has great effect on the selectivity and sensitivity to Ag~+ ions.The electrode based on ionophore 9,10,20,25-tetrahydro-5H,12H-tribenzo[b,n,r][1,7,10,16,4,13]tetrathiadiaza cycloicosine 6,13-(7H,14H)-dione(C) with 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether(o-NPOE) as solvent in a poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC) membrane matrix shows a measuring range of 1.0×10~(-6) to 1.0×10~(-3) mol/L with a Nernstian slope of 54.9±0.3 mV/decade.This electrode has high selectivity for Ag~+ with negligible interference from many other cations and can be used in a wide pH range of 3.6-9.2.     

A Luminescent Metal-Organic Framework with LON Topology for Highly Effective Fluorescence Sensing of Fe3+ and TNP

Aluminescent Ag-based metal-organic framework(1) has been synthesized and its structure has been characterized. Compound 1 was fabricated using the Ag⁺ and bbimb^2‒ ligands and manifestes a rare LON topology. Compound 1 is selective not only in detecting traces of Fe³⁺ and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol(TNP) via luminescence quenching, but also demonstrates high selectivity in the presence of other competitors. Compound 1’s K_sv values towards Fe³⁺ can reach as high as 9.3×10³ L/mol, which is higher than those of several other MOF materials. It is also a recyclable luminous sensor with the potential to be utilized for detecting TNP. Hence, based on its characteristics, compound 1 can be regarded as a prospective luminescence sensor for detecting Fe³⁺ and TNP.     

New reagent for indirect spectrophotometric red-ox determination of osmium （Ⅵ）

A highly sensitive indirect spectrophotometric red-ox method for the determination of osmium is reported. The method is based on the oxidation of iodide by osmium （Ⅵ） and the spectrophotometric detection of the liberated iodine in the form of complex anion and ion associate with 2-（4-diethylaminostyryl）-1,3,3-trimethyl-6-nitro-3H-indolium chloride reagent. The appropriate reaction conditions have been established. The molar absorptivity is （ 1.6-5.6） × 10^4 L mol^-1 cm^-1. Beer＇s law holds for the concentration range of 0.5-11.4 μg mL^-1 of Os（Ⅵ）.     

合成黑索今中副产物3, 5-二硝基-1-氧-3, 5-二氮杂环己烷的晶体结构及热分解动力学

直接法硝解乌洛托品制备黑索今的过程中合成了一种新型的环形副产物,采用硅胶柱层析法分离得到3, 5-二硝基-1-氧-3, 5-二氮杂环己烷,洗脱剂为:丙酮/二氯甲烷,梯度洗脱.以丙酮为溶剂培养得到了3, 5-二硝基-1-氧-3, 5-二氮杂环己烷单晶,用元素分析、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、核磁共振氢谱(NMR)以及质谱(MS)对其结构进行了表征,用X射线单晶衍射仪测定了其晶体结构.结果表明,晶体C₃H₆N₄O₅分子量为178.12,属于单斜晶系,空间群P121/n1,晶胞参数: a = 0.58128(13) nm, b = 1.72389(14) nm, c = 0.71072(6) nm, β =112.056°, V = 0.66006(16) nm³, Z = 4, D_C= 1.792 g·cm^-3, μ = 0.17 mm^-1, F(000) = 368.0,最终偏差因子R =0.0397.用同步热分析仪技术研究了3, 5-二硝基-1-氧-3, 5-二氮杂环己烷的热行为, DSC曲线上在383.15和519.05 K分别有一个尖锐的熔化吸热峰和分解放热峰.另外,根据Kissinger方程及Flynn-Wall-Ozawa方程和不同升温速率下的TG曲线计算得到了该化合物的热分解动力学参数(活化能和指前因子),利用Coats-Redfern法研究了该物质的热分解机理.结果表明: 3, 5-二硝基-1-氧-3, 5-二氮杂环己烷是一种低熔点、热稳定性好的化合物. Kissinger方程计算其活化能为212.32 kJ·mol^-1,指前因子为6.20×10²⁰ s^-1, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa方程计算其活化能为210.39 kJ·mol^-1,该物质的热分解动力学方程为G(α) = (1-α)^-1-1,反应级数为2.     

Assembly of Two Isostructural Metal-organic Frameworks Based on Hetero-N,O Donor Ligand for Detecting Nitro Explosives

Two isostructural metal-organic frameworks,[NO3][M3(H2O)3O(TBA)3]-2DMF-6H2O(1 and 2)[M=In and Fe, H2TBA=4-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-benzoic acid], have been successfully synthesized. Compounds 1 and 2 have three-dimensional structures bridged via the typical 6-connected tri-nuclear cluster units M3O(COO)6 and linear linker H2TBA. The whole 3D framework possesses a 6-connected acs topology. Notably, by the fluorescence technique, compound 1 can detect nitro explosives through fluorescence quenching effect, especially for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol(TNP, Ksv=3.64×10^4 L/mol). Furthermore, the fluorescence spectrum red shifts as the number of NO2 group increases. Based on the aforementioned consideration, compound 1 can be considered as a potential luminescent probe for the detection of TNP.     

Extraction-Photometric Determination of Niobium(V) by Reaction with Pyrocatechol and Thenoyltrifluoracetone

Abstract

The possibility of formation of mixed complex compound niobium(V)-pyrocatechol (PC)-thenoyltrifluoracetone (TTA) has been shown. Optimum conditions for the formation of such a compound have been found (7.5 M HCI, 0.3 MTTA, 0.4 MPC) and the molar ratio Nb (V):PC:TTA=1:2:2 has been established by the equilibrium shift method. The absorption spectrum of the chloroform extract of the Nb-PC-TTA compound has a maximum at 414 nm, ε= (7.7±0.2) × 10³. The influence of other ions on extraction-photometric determination of niobium (V) with PC and TTA is discussed.     

Gold Nanoclusters Templated by Poly-cytosine DNA as Fluorescent Probes for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Thiocyanate

Gold nanoclusters(AuNCs) were prepared in the presence of the nucleobases of poly-cytosine DNAs in this paper. We have demonstrated tliat the fluorescence of the AuNCs is quenched by thiocyanate(SCN^-) through the interaction between SCN^- and gold atoms. AuNCs can receive energy from nucleobases to boost their emission intensity, while in the presence of SCN^-, they coordinate with Au atoms and influence the energy transfer between the nucleobases and AuNCs, leading to the fluorescence quenching. The decreased fluorescence intensity was in proportion to the concentration of SCN^- in the range of 8.0×10^-7-1.5×10^-5 mol/L with a limit of detection of 4.2×10^-7 mol/L(3σ). We further validated the practice of this probe througli the detection of SCbT in natural water samples.     

Construction of a nano-rectangular Zn-Nd complex with near-infrared luminescent response towards metal ions

One 6-metal Zn-Nd complex[Zn₂Nd₄L₂(OAc)₁₀(OH)₂(CH₃OH)₂](1)with Schiff base ligand bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)ethylene-1,2-phenylenediamine(H₂L)was constructed,and it has nanoscale rectangular structure(8×11×28 A).Excited by ligand-centered absorption bands,1 shows NIRemission of Nd³⁺ion.Interestingly,1 exhibits lanthanide luminescent response towards metal ions,especially to alkali metal ions(Li⁺,Na⁺ and K⁺)at ppm level.     

铀-4,5-二溴苯基萤光酮-吐温-60显色体系的分光光度法研究

铀的高灵敏高选择性的光度法尚少见。最近有人合成过二溴苯基萤光酮(下简称Br-PF),但未见用于测定铀的报导。为此,本文研究了在吐温-60存在下用Br-PF测定铀的条件,结果表明,本法的灵敏度较高(ε=1.79×10⁵),是迄今为止铀最灵敏的显色反应(见表1)。采用三辛胺(TOA)萃取分离铀,并用于岩矿中铀的测定。     

A NEW METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF THE WASTE GAS NOx----THE PREOXIDATION OF 2-OCTANOL BY ABSORBING NOx

A new method is proposed to absorb the NOx into an organic compound,2-octanol.The absorption efficiency reaches up to 96-99%,and the NOx emission level is decreased from1.0×10~4-3.0×10~5 to 60-680Ppm.In the absorption process,2-octanol is preoxidized.And thenit is further oxidized into hexanoic acid with nitric acid.In this way,20% of nitric acid is savedfor the same yield of hexanoic acid.     

Selective spectrophotometric determination of palladium(II) with 2(5-nitro-2-pyridylazo)-5-(N-propyl-N-3-sulfopropylamino)phenol(5-NO(2).PAPS) and tartaric acid with 5-NO(2).PAPS-niobium(V) complex

Spectrophotometric determinations of palladium(II) and tartaric acid were respectively investigated by using the color reactions between 2(5-nitro-2-pyridylazo)-5-(N-propyl-N-3-sulfopropylamino)phenol(5-NO₂.PAPS) and palladium(II) in strong acidic media, and between 5-NO₂.PAPS, niobium(V) tartaric acid in weak acidic media. The calibration graphs were linear in the range of 0–25 μg/10 ml palladium(II), with an apparent molecular coefficient () of 6.2×10⁴ l mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹ at 612 nm, and 0–23 μg/10 ml tartaric acid with =1.08×10⁶ l mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹ at 612 nm, respectively. The proposed methods were selective and sensitive in comparison with other chelating pyridylazo dyes–palladium(II) or metavanadic acid–tartaric acid method, and the effect of foreign ions such as copper(II) was negligible for the assay of palladium(II) with 5-NO₂.PAPS.     

HS+HO2气相反应机理及主通道速率常数的理论研究

采用CCSD(T)/6-311++G(3df, 2pd)//B3LYP/6-311+G(2df, 2p)双水平计算方法构建了HO₂+HS反应体系的单、三重态反应势能面,并对该反应主通道的速率常数进行了研究。研究结果表明,标题反应经历了八条反应通道,其中三重态反应通道R1是标题反应主通道。此通道包含路径Path 1 (R → ³IM1 → ³TS1 → P1(³O₂+H₂S))和Path 1a (R → ³IM1a → ³TS1a → P1(³O₂+H₂S))两条路径。利用经典过渡态理论(TST)与变分过渡态理论(CVT)并结合小曲率隧道效应模型(SCT),分别计算了主路径Path 1和Path 1a在200-800 K温度范围内的速率常数k^TST、k^CVT和k^CVT/SCT,在此温度区间内路径Path 1和Path 1a具有负温度系数效应。速率常数计算结果显示,对主路径Path 1和Path 1a而言,变分效应在计算温度段内有一定影响,与此同时量子力学隧道效应在低温段有显著影响。路径Path 1和Path 1a的CVT/SCT速率常数的三参数表达式分别为k₁^CVT/SCT(200-800 K) = 1.54×10^-5T^-2.70exp(1154/T) cm³ ·molecule^-1·s^-1和k_1a^CVT/SCT(200-800 K) = 5.82×10^-8T^-1.84exp(1388/T) cm³·molecule^-1·s^-1。