应力高梯度问题的无网格分析

基于移动最小二乘法的无网格计算,采用线性基函数即可得到C1连续位移场,使得应力、应变场在整个求解域内保持连续;节点之间脱离了单元的约束,对求解域进行离散和加密节点时变得十分灵活,因此适合分析应力高梯度问题.本文简要介绍了无网格方法的基本原理,给出了确定节点影响域大小的方法,应用无网格方法对带有V型缺口的受拉方板及J23-10曲柄压力机机身进行了受力分析,得到的应力集中部位的计算结果与实际值更为接近.     

无网格方法求解稳定渗流问题

使用无单元伽辽金(EFG)方法求解圆形油藏中心井和矩形油藏裂缝井两种稳定渗流模型。在中心井模型计算过程中,观察到采用对数等分布置节点是最有效的;计算结果与理论解和有限元解相比较,表明无网格方法是一种比有限元更为精确的方法。裂缝井模型通过在初始节点基础之上加密节点,获得了比较好的结果,并且给出了等压力曲线图。     

影响无网格方法求解精度的因素分析

基于移动最小二乘法的无网格方法的计算精度除受到节点的分布密度和基底函数的阶次影响外,还受到其它因素的影响,其中权函数的选取、权函数影响域的大小及位移边界条件的引入对计算精度影响较大。本文分析了几种常用权函数在数值计算时的特点,包括计算精度、收敛情况、计算效率等,同时分析了影响域大小及边界条件的引入对计算精度的影响。通过分析给出了确定权函数及其影响域大小的方法。当受约束的自由度较多时,通过配点法引入位移边界条件会引起计算结果的振荡,通过施加稳定项可以消除振荡现象,通过对带孔方板的受力分析证明了其可行性。应用以上结论对J23—10曲柄压力机机身进行了受力分析,应力集中部位的计算结果得到了较高的精度。     

无网格方法的研究进展与展望

目前正在发展的无网格方法采用基于点的近似,可以彻底或部分地消除网格,因此在处理不连续和大变形问题时可以完全抛开网格重构.无网格方法是目前科学和工程计算方法研究的热点,也是科学和工程计算发展的趋势.本文首先简单地阐述了无网格方法,然后详细叙述了目前提出的各种无网格方法的研究进展,最后对目前无网格方法存在的问题进行了探讨,提出了今后的研究方向.     

无网格伽辽金法求解平面偶应力问题

提出采用无网格伽辽金法(EFGM)求解偶应力问题,以避免有限元求解中因C¹连续要求可能引起的不便。推导了基于二次基和移动最小二乘技术的EFGM计算公式,通过计算受轴向均匀拉伸的带中心小孔无限大板和细长杆的偶应力问题,对所提方法进行了数值验证,与解析解相比结果令人满意,此外还讨论了节点密度和权函数对计算结果的影响。数值结果表明,所提算法可有效地求解平面偶应力问题。     

弹性力学的复变量无网格流形方法

为克服无网格流形方法配点过多、计算速度慢、容易形成病态方程组等缺点,将复变量移动最小二乘法与无网格流形方法相结合,提出了弹性力学的复变量无网格流形方法。分别采用线性基本与二次基进行计算,并与无网格流形方法相比。研究表明该方法计算量小、精度高。     

用无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法分析非线性地基梁

利用无网格局部Petroy-Galerkin法求解了非线性地基梁.在Petroy-Galerkin方法中,采用移动最小二乘(MLS)近似函数作为场变量挠度的试函数并取移动最小二乘近似函数中的权函数作为近似场函数的加权函数,采用罚因子法施加本质边界条件.文末给出了两个计算实例,算例的结果表明,Petrov-Galerkin法不仅能成功地分析线性地基梁,而且也适用于求解非线性地基梁,在分析非线性地基梁时具有收敛快,稳定性好的优点.     

壳结构的无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin方法

无网格近似函数具有高度光滑性,能够很好的逼近曲壳表面及其位移场。无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin方法不论插值还是离散都不需要单元,是一种真正的无网格方法。本文基于无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin方法的基本原理,采用移动最小二乘插值,利用控制微分方程弱形式,建立了Mindlin壳结构的无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin分析方法,用屋顶壳、受夹圆柱壳、几何非线性圆柱壳作为计算实例分析了求解精度、收敛性和稳定性,并与精确解和有限元计算结果进行了对比,表明该方法计算精度高及收敛性好。     

无网格方法中本质边界条件的处理

基于新的离散模定义,采用移动最小二乘近似方法,给出了场变量的近似表达形式;从约束变分原理出发,给出了无网格方法中新的本质边界条件的处理方案--罚函数法;对权函数、罚函数的选择对计算精度的影响进行了研究.数值计算结果表明该方法不仅简单合理,而且具有较高的精度和稳定性.     

固体力学中的无网格方法

简要地介绍了目前在无网格方法中主要使用的近似方案：移动最小二乘法、核函数法和单位分解法,并对这些方案的联系及各自的一致性条件进行了讨论;此外,对于无网格方法在数值计算中的离散方案、积分方案、边界条件的引入以及如何处理场函数或其导数的不连续性加以论述．     

改进广义移动最小二乘近似的无网格法

无网格法是求解微分方程定解问题的一种新数值方法.移动最小二乘近似只要求近似函数在各节点处的误差的平方和最小,对近似函数导数的误差没有任何约束.而广义移动最小二乘近似要求近似函数及其导数在所有节点处的误差的平方和最小.为了降低计算工作量,本文构造了要求近似函数在全部节点处和任意阶导数在部分节点处误差的平方和最小的改进广义移动最小二乘近似.数值计算显示本文提供的方法关于函数值和各阶导数值都具有很高的精度.     

AN IMPROVED HYBRID BOUNDARY NODE METHOD IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL SOLIDS

The hybrid boundary node method （HBNM） is a promising method for solving boundary value problems with the hybrid displacement variational formulation and shape functions from the moving least squares（MLS） approximation. The main idea is to reduce the dimensionality of the former and keep the meshless advantage of the latter. Following its application in solving potential problems, it is further developed and numerically implemented for 2D solids in this paper. The rigid movement method is employed to solve the hyper-singular integrations. Numerical examples for some 2D solids have been given to show the characteristics. The computation results obtained by the present method are in excellent agreement with the analytical solution. The parameters that influence the performance of this method are studied through numerical examples.     

Analysis of 2-D thin structures by the meshless regular hybrid boundary node method

Thin structures are generally solved by the Finite Element Method (FEM), using plate or shell finite elements which have many limitations in applications, such as numerical locking, edge effects, length scaling and the envergence problem. Recently, by proposing a new approach to treating the nearly-singular integrals, Liu et al. developed a BEM to successfully solve thin structures with the thickness-to-length ratios in the micro- or nano-scales. On the other hand, the meshless Regular Hybrid Boundary Node Method (RHBNM), which is proposed by the current authors and based on a modified functional and the Moving Least-Square (MLS) approximation, has very promising applications for engineering problems owing to its meshless nature and dimension-reduction advantage, and not involving any singular or nearly-singular integrals. Test examples show that the RHBNM can also be applied readily to thin structures with high accuracy without any modification.     

A STUDY ON THE WEIGHT FUNCTION OF THE MOVING LEAST SQUARE APPROXIMATION IN THE LOCAL BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD

The meshless method is a new numerical technique presented in recent years .It uses the moving least square (MLS) approximation as a shape function . The smoothness of the MLS approximation is determined by that of the basic function and of the weight function, and is mainly determined by that of the weight function. Therefore, the weight function greatly affects the accuracy of results obtained. Different kinds of weight functions, such as the spline function, the Gauss function and so on, are proposed recently by many researchers. In the present work, the features of various weight functions are illustrated through solving elasto-static problems using the local boundary integral equation method. The effect of various weight functions on the accuracy, convergence and stability of results obtained is also discussed. Examples show that the weight function proposed by Zhou Weiyuan and Gauss and the quartic spline weight function are better than the others if parameters c and a in Gauss and exponential weight functions are in the range of reasonable values, respectively, and the higher the smoothness of the weight function, the better the features of the solutions.     

MESHLESS ANALYSIS FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL ELASTICITY WITH SINGULAR HYBRID BOUNDARY NODE METHOD

The singular hybrid boundary node method (SHBNM) is proposed for solving three-dimensional problems in linear elasticity. The SHBNM represents a coupling between the hybrid displacement variational formulations and moving least squares (MLS) approximation. The main idea is to reduce the dimensionality of the former and keep the meshless advantage of the later. The rigid movement method was employed to solve the hyper-singular integrations. The 'boundary layer effect', which is the main drawback of the original Hybrid BNM, was overcome by an adaptive integration scheme. The source points of the fundamental solution were arranged directly on the boundary. Thus the uncertain scale factor taken in the regular hybrid boundary node method (RHBNM) can be avoided. Numerical examples for some 3D elastic problems were given to show the characteristics. The computation results obtained by the present method are in excellent agreement with the analytical solution. The parameters that influence the performance of this method were studied through the numerical examples.