Characterization of single micro-ring resonator filter with doubled free-spectral range

The study proposes a new structure to double the free-spectral range (FSR) of a micro-ring resonator filter using optical interference. The proposed structure adds an input light to the Add port of the conventional two-bus one-ring (TBOR) filter and adds a phase shifter to tuning the light. The FSR of the conventional TBOR filter can be doubled by the interference from the light field of the new input port. In the study, the effects of the output spectrum depending on the phase shift, coupling coefficient, and loss are discussed. The results show that the resonance wavelength changes by tuning of the phase shifter which increases the choice of wavelength. Meanwhile a flat pass band, a sharpness degree of edge rolloff, a high quality factor as high as 10⁵ and a perfect extinction effect can be obtained by selecting a proper coupling coefficient. However loss can bring more crosstalk which should be decreased as more as possible.     

A Novel Circuit Architecture for High Performance of High-order Subharmonic Mixers

A novel circuit architecture for high performance of high-order subharmonic (SH) mixers is proposed in this paper. According to the specified harmonic mixing order, one or more mixer diodes sub-arrays and corresponding power divider as well as phase shift network for RF and LO signals are arranged in the circuit. This proposed SH mixer circuit has improved conversion loss, wide dynamic range and high port isolation for high-order SH mixers. By phase cancellation of idle frequencies, the proposed SH mixer circuit can eliminate complicated design procedure of idle frequency circuits; by phase cancellation of leakage LO power to RF and IF port, and leakage RF power to LO port, the mixer circuit can get high port isolation in LO-IF/RF and RF-LO. The increased antiparallel diode pairs in each sub-array will also lead to well performance by lowering effective series resistance. The proposed SH mixer circuit can be easily realized with power divider and phase shift network for RF and LO signals. Supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grants 60621002 and in part by NSFC under Grants 60471017.     

与偏振无关的双向3×3光开关结构设计

利用传统成熟的偏振控制技术,设计了一种由偏振光分束器、相位型空间光调制器、反射镜和四分之一波片构成的3×3光开关。该光开关具有结构紧凑规整、功能的实现与信号光的偏振态无关以及可以完成双向交换等特点。根据其路由控制表对该3×3光开关交换模块功能的实现进行了分析,结果表明,通过对各相位型空间光调制器状态的调整,控制通过其信号光的偏振态,完成信号光的路由,该交换模块可以完成输入信号光的全排列无阻塞输出与交换。同时,该交换模块具有一定的扩容和重构能力,对于构建大规模的交换矩阵具有一定的作用。     

Multifunctional spectrum-periodic polymer MZI electro-optic switch/filter using serial-cascaded phase-generating couplers: theory, design and analysis

A multifunctional polymer asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer electro-optic switch/filter comprising two serial-cascaded phase-generating couplers and a pair of microstrip electrodes is proposed. Due to the optimization on PGC structure with the given nonlinear least square approximation method, the phase compensation condition and extinction ratio (ER) compensation condition are both realized for achieving periodic frequency response. The ON- and OFF-states voltages are 0 and 8.06 V, respectively. The device has two input ports (A1 and B1) and two output ports (A2 and B2), port A2 contains 10 channels numbered from #?7 to #2, and port B2 contains 9 channels numbered from #?7 to #1. As an optical filter (ON-state), the wavelength space of each channel is within 19.2–21?nm (standard value 20?nm) with the maximum period variation less than 1?nm. The insertion loss for channels #?7 to #2 of port A2 is within 2.69–19.3 dB, and that for channels #?7 to #1 of port B2 is within 2.09–20.2 dB. As an EO switch, the ER of each channel between ON-state and OFF-state for port A2 is more than 15.7 dB, and that for port B2 is more than 12.6 dB. Besides, as required in CWDM networks, the device also exhibits favorable thermal stability under the case of large temperature variation.     

基于时间反演技术的电磁器件端口场与内部场转换方法

随着电磁器件的集成化,器件搭载的模块、实现的功能愈发多样.各模块间的耦合难以忽略,设计难度陡然增加,传统设计方法逐渐力不从心,迫切需要寻找一种新的电磁综合设计方法.本文利用时间反演电磁波的时空同步聚焦特性,探索了将时间反演技术应用于器件设计的可能性.首先,基于通用的器件逆设计流程,利用时间反演技术、并矢格林函数及电磁学的基本原理,提出了将器件端口场分布转换为内部场分布的方法,并证明由端口期望场的时间反演场在空间某一位置获得的连续等效源的共轭分布可在端口处产生与期望场接近的场分布.且在单点频逆设计过程中,只需知道端口电场或磁场的切向分量即可完成端口场与内部场的转换.同时,借助格林函数的互易性对本文所提理论做适当变换后,进行数值仿真验证,分析讨论了不同初始信息条件下该方法的适用性.仿真结果与理论相符,证明了理论的正确性,为将时间反演技术应用于电磁器件的逆设计提供了可能.     

Full-band direct-conversion receiver with enhanced port isolation and I/Q phase balance using microwave photonic I/Q mixer

A full-band direct-conversion receiver using a microwave photonic in-phase and quadrature(I/Q) mixer is proposed and experimentally evaluated in terms of radio frequency(RF) range, port isolation, phase imbalance,conversion gain, noise figure, spurious-free dynamic range, and error vector magnitude. The proposed microwave photonic I/Q mixer shows significant advantages in local oscillator leakage and I/Q phase imbalance over entire RF bands, which are recognized as major drawbacks of conventional direct-conversion receivers.     

一种基于全息光处理器的可调光编码/解码器设计

提出了一种基于全息光处理器的可调光编码-解码器的实现方案.这种新结构的可调光编码/解码器减小了硬件实现的复杂性,降低了成本和功耗,便于集成.     

基于线谱特征的三元组拖线阵左右舷分辨

传统的三元组拖线阵在分辨目标左右舷时利用左、右两侧的宽带能量之比,该技术在通常情况下能够较好地完成使命,但在实际应用中可能会遇到一些困难。本文针对两种影响其左右舷分辨结果的情况做了分析:一种是弱信噪比情况,另一种是另一舷侧存在强干扰目标的情况。针对这两种情况,通过对左、右舷频谱特征的分析,提出了利用线谱特征提取结果分辨目标左、右舷的新技术,显著降低了左右舷分辨功能对输入信噪比的要求。仿真和对海上实验数据的处理结果验证了该方法的稳健性和有效性,可望应用于工程实践中。为了使该技术能够适用于更低的信噪比条件,本文还提出了一种简单实用的线谱增强技术。      

基于几何相移模型的双线列阵左右舷分辨技术研究

针对双线列阵克服左右舷模糊问题，将双线列阵认为是由两两阵元为一组的偶极子构成的单线列阵，利用几何相移模型对目标进行左右舷分辨，经过理论分析、仿真实验和湖试实验，指出丁几何相移模型不仅能解决单频情况下的左右舷模糊问题，而且还能解决信号带宽不太宽情况下究竟能到多大相对带宽，取决于所设定的左右舷分辨增益门限)的左右舷模糊问题。该方法经湖试实验得到了很好的验证：在信噪比为5dB时，采用该方法处理时，左右舷分辨差超过7dB。在本文设定的高信噪比条件下，证明了几何相移模型的双线列阵左右舷分辨技术是有效的、可行的。     

双线阵左右舷模糊共轭抵消方法研究

左右舷分辨问题是拖曳线列阵研究的一个重要问题。本文通过研究平行双线阵的归一化波束输出函数,得到了一种通过对双线阵常规波束形成的输出进行幅度和相位加权来提高左右舷模糊抑制能力的方法。该方法通过分析双线阵的归一化波束输出函数,获得补偿权值,并利用双阵波束输出的幅度加权和相位补偿来抵消目标共轭(镜像)方向的输出,以达到左右舷抑制比最大的目的。数值仿真和海试结果表明,本方法简单实用,能较好的提高双线阵的左右舷抑制比,特别在宽带条件下效果更加明显。      

一种新型的FPGA实现RS422串口通信方法

在FPGA实现RS422串口通信的常用方法中经常遇到诸多问题,如FIFO深度读取不正确、FIFO写数据端口与读数据端口时序竞争、多个模块间信号延时导致FPGA亚稳态等问题,因此设计了一种新型的RS422串口通信实现方法;该方法通过利用寄存器数组作为循环缓存代替FIFO,利用计数器代替传统的波特率产生模块,把常用方法中的多个模块整合成一个模块,只采用一个主时钟,所有寄存器的时钟输入端共享一个时钟,对FPGA逻辑与时序进行了有效约束,避免了FPGA中亚稳态产生;试验结果表明该方法实现的RS422串口通信高速、可靠、稳定,并且利用FPGA实现RS422串口通信,可使整个系统更为灵活、紧凑,减小整个电路的体积,提高系统的可靠性和稳定性。     

基于零拍探测和压缩真空光输入增强Sagnac效应

利用量子技术增强Sagnac效应提高陀螺输出精度具有重要的研究意义, 是实现全自主导航的重要途径. 以相干态激光作为输入光源的光学陀螺因真空零点波动使其输出精度限制于散粒噪声极限而难以提高. 为减小真空波动的影响, 提出在激光输入的分束器的另一输入端输入压缩真空光并结合平衡零拍探测技术的方法增强Sagnac效应. 理论分析表明Sagnac效应性能得到有效提升: 干涉输出的灵敏度检测极限和动态范围均随着压缩程度的增加而呈指数级增长. 该方法只需对经典光学陀螺做少量改动就可实现, 是提高光学陀螺输出精度的一种新方法.     

自由光谱范围加倍的单微环谐振滤波器

基于两点耦合和光波干涉控制相移思想提出U型波导耦合单微环的谐振滤波器结构。利用传输矩阵法推导了此结构的数学模型,采用Matlab模拟了输出端口谱线形状。当微环与U型波导的两个耦合点之间的距离为微环周长的整数倍时,此新型微环谐振滤波器比传统的双直波导耦合单微环滤波器的自由光谱范围增加1倍。针对该结构参数,同时讨论了耦合系数对输出谱线的影响,得出当耦合系数为0.018时,输出谱线具有最佳的消光比,同时保持窄的带宽和高的品质因子。     

Phase sensitivity of directional couplers

Directional couplers of various design have been treated widely, both theoretically and experimentally. However, in most cases directional couplers are designed as 1 to 2 port circuits. If both input ports are used, the phase of the guided waves has to be taken into account. The influence of the phase term on the switching behaviour of Δβ-reversal couplers is discussed as an example. It is shown that the phase difference of two waves coupled to both coupler input ports will not affect crossover and straight-through states, but all states in between. Therefore electrical controlled 2 to 2 port switches will become very sensitive, if low crosstalk is required. This effect can be used to design an all optical working switch or optical logic.     

涡旋压缩机不对称双涡旋齿型线的构建与模拟

采用双涡旋齿涡旋盘结构能够有效地提高涡旋压缩机的吸气量,然而存在内容积比小、允许开设的排气口面积小的缺点。针对此问题,本文提出一种涡旋压缩机的新型不对称双涡旋齿,利用中线法得到了涡旋齿型线的设计方法,并且建立其几何模型;通过三维数值模拟研究其工作腔内部的气体流场,并与现有的双涡旋齿涡旋压缩机进行对比。结果表明:所提出的涡旋压缩机的新型不对称双涡旋齿能够有效地提高涡旋压缩机的排气量和内容积比,并且增大了排气口的开设面积,使得压缩机具有更好的工作性能。     

废气进口位置对汽油机性能和NOx排放影响的研究

为同时兼顾排放性、经济性和动力性,提高汽油机废气再循环率,提出改变EGR进气方式,将EGR废气通过管路直接通到进气门处的方案。在一台四气门汽油机上对进气门处单侧通废气与中央通废气的方式进行了对比试验。试验结果表明,与中央进气方式的EGR相比,单侧EGR进气方式在降低同样NOx的排放的情况下,具有更高的燃油经济性、动力性和EGR率。另外,单侧EGR不必降低EGR进气温度,即能获得较较好的发动机性能。     

Passively stabilized single-photon interferometer

A single-photon interferometer is a fundamental element in quantum information science. In most previously reported works, single-photon interferometers use an active feedback locking system to stabilize the relative phase between two arms of the interferometer. Here, we use a pair of beam displacers to construct a passively stable single-photon interferometer. The relative phase stabilization between the two arms is achieved by stabilizing the temperature of the beam displacers. A purely polarized single-photon-level pulse is directed into the interferometer input port. By analyzing and measuring the polarization states of the single-photon pulse at the output port, the achieved polarization fidelity of the interferometer is about 99.1 ±0.1%. Our passively stabilized single-photon interferometer provides a key element for generating high-fidelity entanglement between a photon and atomic memory.     

Noise immune unwrapping based on phase statistics and self-calibration

Unwrapping is an important step for precise phase measurement in an interferometric technique. Due to the effects of noises and speckles, an accurate unwrapping has been quite difficult. To address this issue, a new phase unwrapping method is proposed. The new method uses the wrapped phase statistics together with the limited smoothness characteristics of the interference phase. In this method, statistical parameters of the wrapped phase are firstly obtained. The step is then followed by a self-calibration process to identify and correct corrupted data points to obtain preliminary unwrapped phases. Finally, a phase revision step is taken to remove the effects of the residual errors. A computational testing was carried out to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method at six different levels of noise injection. An experimental test was also carried out using a lateral shearing interferometer. The success and the precision achieved using the proposed algorithm show that the method is quite effective and accurate for phase recovery under the condition of noise contaminations.     

Coherence of a single mode InAlGaAs/InP cylinderical microlaser with two output ports

We experimentally investigate the coherence of a single mode InAlGaAs/InP cylindrical microlaser with two output waveguides. For a cylindrical microlaser with a radius of 15 μm and two 2 μm-wide output waveguides, single mode operation with a side mode suppression ratio of 30 dB is realized, and a far-field interferometric pattern similar to a Young's interferometer is observed. The results indicate that the microlasers with two output waveguides can be used as the light source for an optical sensor by monitoring the phase change of the output emission from one port versus that of the other port.     

非对称相移分布反馈光纤激光器的双向输出波长特性

为了得到单频输出的光纤激光器，常采用带有相移的分布反馈结构，但当耦合强度比较大时，基模的激光功率将集中在相移区，这时，如果相移区太偏离光纤光栅的中心位置，由于空间烧孔效应，相移分布反馈激光器的两端会出现不同的输出波长特性。在接近于相移区的一端，输出为在布拉格波长的基模，而在另一端，输出为位于布拉格波长两侧的一阶模。给出了理论分析和相应的实验结果。