Boundary Harnack Principle for <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-harmonic Functions in Smooth Euclidean Domains

We establish a scale-invariant version of the boundary Harnack principle for p-harmonic functions in Euclidean C ^1,1-domains and obtain estimates for the decay rates of positive p-harmonic functions vanishing on a segment of the boundary in terms of the distance to the boundary. We use these estimates to study the behavior of conformal Martin kernel functions and positive p-superharmonic functions near the boundary of the domain. H. A. was partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for (B) (2) (No. 15340046) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. N. S. was partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0355027. X. Z. was partially supported by the Taft foundation.     

On Geodesic <Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis>-Convex Sets,Geodesic <Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis>-Convex Functions and <Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis>-Epigraphs

In this paper, we introduce a new class of sets and a new class of functions called geodesic E-convex sets and geodesic E-convex functions on a Riemannian manifold. The concept of E-quasiconvex functions on R ⁿ is extended to geodesic E-quasiconvex functions on Riemannian manifold and some of its properties are investigated. Afterwards, we generalize the notion of epigraph called E-epigraph and discuss a characterization of geodesic E-convex functions in terms of its E-epigraph. Some properties of geodesic E-convex sets are also studied.     

An application of <Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-differentiability to nonnegative and unrestricted generalized complementarity problems

This paper deals with nonnegative nonsmooth generalized complementarity problem, denoted by GCP(f,g). Starting with H-differentiable functions f and g, we describe H-differentials of some GCP functions and their merit functions. We show how, under appropriate conditions on H-differentials of f and g, minimizing a merit function corresponding to f and g leads to a solution of the generalized complementarity problem. Moreover, we generalize the concepts of monotonicity, P ₀-property and their variants for functions and use them to establish some conditions to get a solution for generalized complementarity problem. Our results are generalizations of such results for nonlinear complementarity problem when the underlying functions are C ¹, semismooth, and locally Lipschitzian.     

On the Relation between Piecewise Polynomial and Rational Approximation in <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript>(<Emphasis Type="Bold">R</Emphasis><Superscript>2</Superscript>)

In the univariate case there are certain equivalences between the nonlinear approximation methods that use piecewise polynomials and those that use rational functions. It is known that for certain parameters the respective approximation spaces are identical and may be described as Besov spaces. The characterization of the approximation spaces of the multivariate nonlinear approximation by piecewise polynomials and by rational functions is not known. In this work we compare between the two methods in the bivariate case. We show some relations between the approximation spaces of piecewise polynomials defined on n triangles and those of bivariate rational functions of total degree n which are described by n parameters. Thus we compare two classes of approximants with the same number Cn of parameters. We consider this the proper comparison between the two methods.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">E′</Emphasis> and its relation with vector-valued functions on<Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis>

We study the relation between different spaces of vector-valued polynomials and analytic functions over dual-isomorphic Banach spaces. Under conditions of regularity onE andF, we show that the spaces ofX-valuedn-homogeneous polynomials and analytic functions of bounded type onE andF are isomorphic wheneverX is a dual space. Also, we prove that many of the usual subspaces of polynomials and analytic functions onE andF are isomorphic without conditions on the involved spaces.     

Relations between threshold and <Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis>-interval Boolean functions

Every k-interval Boolean function f can be represented by at most k intervals of integers such that vector x is a truepoint of f if and only if the integer represented by x belongs to one of these k (disjoint) intervals. Since the correspondence of Boolean vectors and integers depends on the order of bits an interval representation is also specified with respect to an order of variables of the represented function. Interval representation can be useful as an efficient representation for special classes of Boolean functions which can be represented by a small number of intervals. In this paper we study inclusion relations between the classes of threshold and k-interval Boolean functions. We show that positive 2-interval functions constitute a (proper) subclass of positive threshold functions and that such inclusion does not hold for any k>2. We also prove that threshold functions do not constitute a subclass of k-interval functions, for any k.     

ℱ<Emphasis Type="Italic">K</Emphasis>-convex functions on metric spaces

 By an ℱK-convex function on a length metric space, we mean one that satisfies f ⁿ ≥ −Kf on all unitspeed geodesics. We show that natural ℱK-convex (-concave) functions occur in abundance on metric spaces of curvature bounded above (below) by K in the sense of Alexandrov. We prove Lipschitz extension and approximation theorems for ℱK-convex functions on CAT(K) spaces. Received: 10 May 2002 Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 53C70, 52A41     

On <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-termed approximations in <Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">s</Emphasis></Superscript>-norms with respect to the Haar system

In [9], we proved numerically that spaces generated by linear combinations of some two-dimensional Haar functions exhibit unexpectedly nice orders of approximation for solutions of the single-layer potential equation in a rectangle. This phenomenon is closely related, on the one hand, to the properties of the approximation method of hyperbolic crosses and on the other to the existence of a strong singularity for solutions of such boundary integral equations. In the present paper, we establish several results on the approximation for the hyperbolic crosses and on the best N-term approximations by linear combinations of Haar functions in the H ^s -norms, −1 < s < 1/2; this provides a theoretical base for our numerical research. To the author's best knowledge, the negative smoothness case s < 0 was not studied earlier. __________ Translated from Sovremennaya Matematika. Fundamental'nye Napravleniya (Contemporary Mathematics. Fundamental Directions), Vol. 25, Theory of Functions, 2007.     

The best approximation of Laplace operator by linear bounded operators in the space <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript>

We obtain close two-sided estimates for the best approximation of Laplace operator by linear bounded operators on the class of functions for which the square of the Laplace operator belongs to the L _p -space. We estimate the best constant in the corresponding Kolmogorov inequality and the error of the optimal recovery of values of the Laplace operator on functions from this class defined with an error. In a particular case (p = 2) we solve all three problems exactly.     

On Hankel determinants of functions given by their expansions in <Emphasis Type="Italic">P</Emphasis>-fractions

We obtain explicit formulas that express the Hankel determinants of functions given by their expansions in continued P-fractions in terms of the parameters of the fraction. As a corollary, we obtain a lower bound for the capacity of the set of singular points of these functions, an analog of the van Vleck theorem for P-fractions with limit-periodic coefficients, another proof of the Gonchar theorem on the Leighton conjecture, and an upper bound for the radius of the disk of meromorphy of a function given by a C-fraction.     

Optimal Domains for <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript>0</Superscript>-valued Operators Via Stochastic Measures

We study extension of operators T: E→ L⁰([0, 1]), where E is an F–function space and L⁰([0, 1]) the space of measurable functions with the topology of convergence in measure, to domains larger than E, and we study the properties of such domains. The main tool is the integration of scalar functions with respect to stochastic measures and the corresponding spaces of integrable functions. Partially supported by D.G.I. #MTM2006-13000-C03-01 (Spain).     

Holomorphic liftings and Bergman kernel estimates for 𝒟ℱ𝒩‐domains

Let E be a 𝒟ℱ𝒩‐space and let U ⊂ E be open. By applying the nuclearity of the Fréchet space ℋ︁(U) of holomorphic functions on U we show that there are finite measures μ on U leading to Bergman spaces of μ ‐square integrable holomorphic functions. We give an explicit construction for μ by using infinite dimensional Gaussian measures. Moreover, we prove boundary estimates for the corresponding Bergman kernels K_μ on the diagonal and we give an application of our results to liftings of μ ‐square integrable Banach space valued holomorphic functions over U. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

On Minimizing Some Merit Functions for Nonlinear Complementarity Problems under <Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-Differentiability

In this paper, we describe the H-differentials of some well known NCP functions and their merit functions. We show how, under appropriate conditions on an H-differential of f, minimizing a merit function corresponding to f leads to a solution of the nonlinear complementarity problem. Our results give a unified treatment of such results for C ¹-functions, semismooth-functions, and locally Lipschitzian functions. Illustrations are given to show the usefulness of our results. We present also a result on the global convergence of a derivative-free descent algorithm for solving the nonlinear complementarity problem. The first author is deeply indebted to Professor M. Seetharama Gowda for his numerous helpful suggestions and encouragement. Special thanks to Professor J.-P. Crouzeix and an anonymous referees for their constructive suggestions which led to numerous improvements in the paper. The research of the first author was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Scholar Activity Grant of Thompson Rivers University. The research of the second author was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.     

Problem of uniqueness of an element of the best nonsymmetric <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript>1</Subscript>-approximation of continuous functions with values in <Emphasis Type="Italic">KB</Emphasis>-spaces

We consider the problem of characterization of subspaces of uniqueness of an element of the best nonsymmetric L ₁-approximation of functions that are continuous on a metric compact set of functions with values in a KB-space. We find classes of test functions that characterize the uniqueness of an element of the best nonsymmetric approximation. Translated from Ukrains'kyi Matematychnyi Zhurnal, Vol. 60, No. 7, pp. 867–878, July, 2008.     

Exact constants in Jackson-type inequalities for <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript>2</Subscript>-approximation on an axis

We investigate exact constants in Jackson-type inequalities in the space L ₂ for the approximation of functions on an axis by the subspace of entire functions of exponential type. A. A. Ligun (Deceased.) Translated from Ukrains’kyi Matematychnyi Zhurnal, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 92–98, January, 2009.     

Exact order of relative widths of classes <Emphasis Type="Italic">W</Emphasis><Stack><Subscript>1</Subscript><Superscript>r</Superscript></Stack> in the space <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript>1</Subscript>

We determine the exact order of relative widths of classes W ₁ ^r of periodic functions in the space L ₁ as n → ∞ under restrictions on higher derivatives of approximating functions. __________ Translated from Ukrains’kyi Matematychnyi Zhurnal, Vol. 57, No. 10, pp. 1409–1417, October, 2005.     

The Vector-Valued Big <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-Jacobi Transform

Big q-Jacobi functions are eigenfunctions of a second-order q-difference operator L. We study L as an unbounded self-adjoint operator on an L ²-space of functions on ℝ with a discrete measure. We describe explicitly the spectral decomposition of L using an integral transform ℱ with two different big q-Jacobi functions as a kernel, and we construct the inverse of ℱ.      

Iteration functions for <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>th roots of complex numbers

A novel way of generating higher-order iteration functions for the computation of pth roots of complex numbers is the main contribution of the present work. The behavior of some of these iteration functions will be analyzed and the conditions on the starting values that guarantee the convergence will be stated. The illustration of the basins of attractions of the pth roots will be carried out by some computer generated plots. In order to compare the performance of the iterations some numerical examples will be considered.     

About <Emphasis Type="Italic">I</Emphasis>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">J</Emphasis>)-approximately continuous functions

A generalization of density point with respect to category and I(J)-density topology has been presented in [5]. This papers deals with some basic properties of the corresponding I(J)-approximately continuous functions and gives answer when these functions are of the first Baire class and when they are Darboux functions.