Relationship between Local Strain Jumps and Temperature Bursts Due to the Portevin-Le Chatelier Effect in an Al-Mg Alloy

Local strain and temperature of an AA5754-O aluminum alloy sheet have been full-field measured during monotonous tensile tests carried out at room temperature. Sharp strain increases and temperature bursts which are locally generated by the Portevin-Le Chatelier phenomenon have been measured at the same point for two strain rates: V2?=?1.9?×?10^?3?s^?1 and V10?=?9.7?×?10^?3?s^?1. A relationship, which is based on the underlying physical mechanisms, has been established between the strain and the temperature and experimentally verified for the highest strain rate V10. The discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental results for the lowest strain rate V2 suggests that the localized plastic deformations do not follow an adiabatic transformation. Such a set-up seems to offer a direct and experimental method to check the adiabatic character of localized plastic deformations.     

Influence of precipitation on the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect in Al-Mg alloys

In the alloy with solute content higher than the limiting solubility, the solute atoms that have failed to dissolve will precipitate from the solid solution and form precipitations. In this study, the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effects in annealed 5456 and 5052 aluminum alloys with different precipitation contents have been investigated under different applied strain rates. The results suggest that precipitations have significant effect on the PLC effect and the more the precipitations are, the greater the influence is. Furthermore, the solute diffusion is pipe diffusion in 5052 alloy with lower precipitation content. However, for 5456 alloy with higher precipitation content, the diffusion is no longer the case but more complex.     

Al-Mg合金中析出强化相对Portevin-LeChatelier效应的影响

Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC)效应作为广泛存在于各种合金材料中的重要塑性失稳现象一直受到研究者的广泛关注.本文对镁原子质量百分含量分别为2.5%和5%的两种铝合金-国标LF2和LF5铝合金进行宏观拉伸实验和透射电子显微镜观察实验.通过宏观和微观实验结果的对比分析表明,由于LF5合金中作为溶质的Mg原子的含量相对于LF2合金成倍增加导致析出相颗粒数量也成倍增加,进而引起PLC效应在强度和加工硬化时间的倍增,这些对应关系表明Al-Mg合金中析出相颗粒是产生并影响PLC效应的重要因素.实验结果显示虽然析出相颗粒数量在多方面影响PLC效应,但是对其飞行时间的影响却微乎其微.     

Al-Mg合金中析出强化相对Portevin-Le Chatelier效应的影响

Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC)效应作为广泛存在于各种合金材料中的重要塑性失稳现象一直受到研究者的广泛关注。本文对镁原子质量百分含量分别为2.5%和5%的两种铝合金-国标LF2和LF5铝合金进行宏观拉伸实验和透射电子显微镜观察实验。通过宏观和微观实验结果的对比分析表明,由于LF5合金中作为溶质的Mg原子的含量相对于LF2合金成倍增加导致析出相颗粒数量也成倍增加,进而引起PLC效应在强度和加工硬化时间的倍增,这些对应关系表明Al-Mg合金中析出相颗粒是产生并影响PLC效应的重要因素。实验结果显示虽然析出相颗粒数量在多方面影响PLC效应,但是对其飞行时间的影响却微乎其微。     

Al-Cu合金Portevin-Le Chatelier效应的多重分形分析

区别于传统的非线性动力学的吸引子结构分析,本文采用多重分形分析的研究方法讨论不同加载应变率条件下Al-Cu合金Portevin-Le Chatelier效应的多重分形特征,以揭示控制不同带型的内在动力机制。结果表明不管是哪种带型,都在一定尺度上存在着多重分形结构;同时发现B带的应力信号的均匀性高于A、C带,这反映了随着加载应变率的降低,动力系统由自组织临界性经拟周期状态过渡到混沌状态。     

A1-Mg合金中析出强化相对Portevin—Le Chatelier效应的影响

Portevin—Le Chatelier（PLC）效应作为广泛存在于各种合金材料中的重要塑性失稳现象一直受到研究者的广泛关注。本文对镁原子质量百分含量分别为2．5％和5％的两种铝合金一国标LF2和LF5铝合金进行宏观拉伸实验和透射电子显微镜观察实验。通过宏观和微观实验结果的对比分析表明，由于LF5合金中作为溶质的Mg原子的含量相对于LF2合金成倍增加导致析出相颗粒数量也成倍增加，进而引起PLC效应在强度和加工硬化时间的倍增，这些对应关系表明A1-Mg合金中析出相颗粒是产生并影响PLC效应的重要因素。实验结果显示虽然析出相颗粒数量在多方面影响PLC效应，但是对其飞行时间的影响却微乎其微。     

Complexity analysis of the Portevin-Le Chatelier in an Al alloy at different tem peratures

The complexity of the Portevin-Le Chatelier(PLC) effect in an Al alloy at different temperatures was analyzed by modified multiscale entropy. The results show that three evolutions of entropy with scale factor,i.e., near zero, monotonically increasing and peak-shape, were observed corresponding to the smooth curves, type-A serrations and type-B/-C serrations, respectively. The scale factor at the peak was onethird of the average serration period. The sample entropy increased initially and then decreased with temperature, which was opposite to the critical strain. It is also suggested that the type-A serrations corresponded to self-organized criticality and the type-B/-C serrations corresponded to chaos through the evolutions of entropy with scale factor.     

数字散斑相关法研究镍钴基高温合金中的PLC效应

作为航空发动机涡轮盘用新型材料,镍钴基变形高温合金在300～600℃温度区间内拉伸时会产生Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC)效应.本文采用数字散斑相关方法,研究了镍钴基变形高温合金在400℃下拉伸变形过程中伴随PLC效应出现的应变局域化现象,即PLC带.实验结果表明,PLC带内的应变比试件平均应变大一个数量级,而带外部分应变接近于零.同时还观察到了带外部分的弹性收缩现象,即出现应变为负的区域.在拉伸全程中,PLC带与拉伸轴方向成约60°的夹角.PLC带的宽度均为4～4.5 mm,远大于试件最小尺寸(厚度),这一点与铝合金中的带宽与试件最小尺寸相近这一现象截然不同.     

The Application of Shear Compression Specimen to Study Shear Deformation Behavior of AZ31 Mg Alloy at High Temperatures and Quasi-Static Regime

In the present work, shear-compression specimen was successfully employed to study the shear flow behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy at high temperatures and in quasi-static regime. The loading process of shear-compression testing was simulated using ABAQUS software. This was carried out in the temperature range of 250–450°C and displacement rates of 1.5, 15 and 150 mm/min. In addition, to validate the numerical simulation results, the shear compression specimens were also compressed experimentally at the same conditions of numerical ones. Equivalent stress–strain curves obtained from numerical simulation results along with microstructural observations were utilized to investigate the effect of loading conditions on deformation behavior of the experimental alloy. The results indicated a homogenous distribution of shear strains within the gage and the high applicability of shear-compression specimen to study shear flow behavior of materials at hot deformation conditions.     

多晶纯钛在高应变率不同温度下的拉伸力学行为实验研究

利用MTS809和自行研制的旋转盘冲击拉伸试验机,对多晶纯钛进行了应变率为0.001s-1和300s-1、温度为298K至973K的拉伸试验和应变率为300 s-1不同温度下的冲击拉伸复元试验,得到了多晶纯钛的拉伸应力应变曲线和高应变率等温应力应变曲线。试验结果表明,多晶纯钛的拉伸力学行为具有应变率和温度相关性。采用修正的Johnson-Cook模型进行数值拟合,结果表明,该本构模型能较好地表征多晶纯钛在试验应变率和温度范围内的拉伸力学行为。     

Effects of Strain Path Changes on the Kinematics and the Intrinsic Dissipation Accompanying PLC Bands in Al-Mg Alloys

Experimental Mechanics - Plastic instabilities, such as the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect, reduce material ductility and induce surface roughness during sheet metal forming. The formation and...     

Piezoelectric Stack Actuator for Measurement of Interfacial Shear Strength at High Strain Rates

Experimental Mechanics - Limited methods exist for the characterization of interfacial properties in fiber reinforced composites under dynamic loading conditions since conventional techniques are...     

Deformation and Fracture of Zirconium Alloy at Low Temperatures

This paper describes the results of an experimental study on deformation and fracture of a Zr–1% Nb zirconium alloy in the case of multiple loads at low temperatures (?80°C). Samples cut out of pipes and applied as shells of nuclear fuel elements of fuel assemblies of nuclear reactors are used to conduct a series of experiments on low-cycle stretching and compression at low temperatures and study the effect of low temperature on stress relaxation in the material under different numbers of preliminary loads.     

铝-镁合金5A06在瞬态热冲击条件下的力学性能研究

通过热强度试验,测试并确定航空航天材料在复杂高速热冲击条件下的强度极限等关键参数,对于航空航天材料和结构的可靠性评定、寿命预测以及高速飞行器的安全设计具有重要的意义。针对强度设计手册中没有航空航天材料在高速热冲击环境下的强度极限等表征参数的现状,使用自行研制的高速飞行器瞬态气动热试验模拟系统,对铝-镁合金材料5A06在多种不同的瞬态热冲击条件下,进行气动加热模拟与热载联合试验研究,得到在瞬态热、力学环境的共同作用下铝-镁合金5A06材料的强度极限、承载时间等力学性能变化状况。为研究分析航空航天材料和结构在高速热冲击环境下的承载能力和结构减重提供了可靠依据。     

Quasi-Static and High Strain Rate Simple Shear Characterization of Soft Polymers

Experimental Mechanics - The simple shear response of soft polymers under large deformation (>50%) and strain rates spanning 10?3 – 103 s?1 is characterized by...     

Si掺杂对NbTaWMo难熔高熵合金的高温摩擦学性能的影响

采用放电等离子烧结技术在NbTaWMo难熔高熵合金中掺杂Si元素成功制备了NbTaWMoSi_0.25难熔高熵合金,研究了物相组成、显微结构和力学性能的变化,并重点对比了25 ~800 ℃的摩擦学性能. 结果表明:NbTaWMo高熵合金由单一的BCC相组成,而NbTaWMoSi_0.25合金由BCC相和硅化物两相组成. 在NbTaWMo难熔高熵合金中掺杂Si元素后,高熵合金室温下的屈服强度、抗压强度和断裂应变均有显著的提高. NbTaWMo难熔高熵合金掺杂Si元素后从25 ℃到800 ℃摩擦系数变化较小,但其耐磨性显著改善,其耐磨性的提高主要由于硅化物增强了合金的强度. NbTaWMoSi_0.25难熔高熵合金从室温到中温阶段的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损,而高温阶段的磨损机制主要表现为磨粒磨损和氧化磨损的综合作用. NbTaWMoSi_0.25高熵合金在宽温域内具有良好的耐磨性,在高温摩擦学领域具有较大的应用潜力.      

温度和应变率对拉伸载荷下高强铝合金本构关系影响的研究

介绍一种用于高温ＳＨＢ试验的新型快速加热电炉,可在一分钟左右将试件加热至５００℃,最高可加热至１０００℃,并且对金属材料和非金属材料均可加热,从而克服了目前使用的各种加热方法的局限性． 在２０℃～５００℃和０．００２０８～３５０ ｓ－ １的范围内研究了温度和应变率对拉伸载荷下高强铝合金本构关系的影响． 结果表明：（１）随着应变率的提高,该材料的强度提高,延伸率降低; （２）该材料的强度、延伸率及应变率均随温度的升高而降低; （３）该材料应变率敏感性随温度的升高而降低     

Temperature-Dependent Mechanical Response of an UFG Aluminum Alloy at High Rates

High temperature (298 K–573 K) and high strain rate (4000 s⁻¹) compression experiments were performed on a cryomilled ultra-fine grained (UFG) Al-5083 using a modified Kolsky bar with a heating system designed to reduce “cold contact” time. The resulting stress strain curves show a reduction in strength of approximately 300 MPa at the highest temperature tested. This softening has been related to a thermally activated deformation mechanism. In addition, an experimental procedure was developed to investigate the microstructure evolution during the preheating, prior to mechanical loading, so as to identify the intrinsic mechanical response of the material at high temperatures. The results of this procedure are in good agreement with a TEM study on material that has been heated but not loaded.     

应变率历史对记忆合金在高应变率拉伸下力学行为影响的实验研究

利用分离式拉伸霍布金森杆（ＳＨＳＢ）装置考察了高应变率拉伸作用下形状记忆合金的力学行为，并研究了高应变率历史对高应变率拉伸作用下力学行为的影响．研究表明，记忆合金是一种对应变率非常敏感的材料，与准静态载荷作用下应力应变关系相比，高应变率使屈服应力提高，并随着所经历的应变率水平的升高，同一高应变率下屈服强度明显增加．     

Methods and Results of an Experimental Determination of the Catalytic Activity of Materials at High Temperatures

Methods of experimental determination of the rate constants of heterogeneous catalytic recombination of nitrogen and oxygen atoms in dissociated subsonic nitrogen and air flows generated by a high-frequency inductive plasmatron are discussed. Together with the values of the probability of heterogeneous recombination used in the literature, the rate constant of the elementary process of nitrogen atomic recombination is determined in accordance with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism.