重掺杂AZO透明导电薄膜的光电特性

以Al质量分数为2%的ZnO陶瓷靶为靶材,在氧气气氛中,采用脉冲激光沉积方法(PLD)在石英衬底表面生长了重掺杂的ZnO:Al(AZO)薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪、紫外可见分光光度计、微区拉曼光谱仪、霍尔测量仪对合成薄膜材料的晶体结构、光学、电学性质等进行了研究.结果表明:所制备的AZO薄膜呈现具有高度c轴择优取向的ZnO...     

On the Electronic Transport and Optical Properties of Some Poly(Azomethine Urethane) in Thin Films

Abstract

Newly synthesized poly(azomethine urethanes) in thin films were deposited onto glass substrates from dimethylformamide solutions. Temperature dependences of the electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power were studied. The investigated polymers have interesting semiconductor characteristics. The values of important parameters of these films (activation energy of electrical conduction, charge carrier concentrations, and ratio of carrier mobilities) were calculated. The nature of the electrical conduction mechanism in the respective polymers is discussed. Transmission and absorption spectra were studied in the spectral domain, 300–1250 nm.     

Electronic and Optical Properties of Some Polysulfone-Polydimethylsiloxane Copolymers in Thin Films

Polysulfone (PSF)-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) block copolymers (PSF-b-PDMS) with various compositions were prepared by condensing chloro-terminated polysulfone oligomers with α, ω -dihydrogensilyl-polydimethylsiloxane in refluxing chlorobenzene solution in the presence of urea as a hydrogen chloride acceptor. The temperature dependences of the electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power (Seebeck coefficient) of copolymers were studied using thin films deposited from a dimethylformamide solution (spin coating method) onto glass substrates. It was established that the various copolymers showed typical semiconducting properties. Some correlations between these properties (activation energy, ratio of carrier mobilities, etc) and molecular structure of the copolymers were found. A model based on band gap representation was found to be suitable for explanation of the electronic transport mechanism through the studied copolymers in thin films. The study of the transmission and absorption spectra (in the spectral range from 300 nm to 1400 nm) evidenced that the indirect allowed optical transitions were predominant. The values of the optical energy band gap (ranged between 1.50 eV and 1.70 eV) are in agreement with values of width of the forbidden band calculated from the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity.     

ZnO薄膜的光学性质研究

采用直流反应磁控溅射方法在玻璃基底上成功地淀积ｃ轴取向性好的ＺｎＯ薄膜。经过优化计算，获得并分析了不同氧分压下制备的ＺｎＯ薄膜的折射率ｎ和消光系数ｋ的数值；同时得到了吸收光学带隙Ｅｏｐｔ，用能带模型解释了Ｅｏｐｔ的变化规律。     

脉冲溅射V2O5薄膜结构和性能研究

V2O5薄膜具有很好的离子注入/退出可逆性,是最有潜力的锂离子储存层的候选材料之一,它的电学特性与制备方法、化学计量比、结构和取向等有直接关系,仔细控制工艺参量是制备出在锂电池上应用的V2O5薄膜关键。研究中采用脉冲磁控反应溅射方法,通过精确地控制氧分压、基底温度等关键工艺参量,在石英玻璃和硅片上制备V2O5薄膜。利用X射线衍射和X射线光电子谱,分析了薄膜的成分、相结构、结晶和价态情况,用原子力显微镜表征了薄膜的微观结构,用分光光度计测量从200—2500nm波段V2O5薄膜纯度高、相结构单一、结晶度好。高低温电阻变化2个量级,薄膜的光学能隙为2.46eV。     

Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜的光学性质

采用射频反应磁控溅射方法,在Si(100)和石英基片上使用双靶溅射的方法制备了Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜。利用X射线衍射、透射光谱和光致发光光谱分析了薄膜的晶体结构及光学性质,并与密度泛函理论计算的结果进行了对比。研究结果显示:Cu掺杂ZnO薄膜均具有高的c轴择优取向,无Cu及其氧化物相关相析出,掺杂对晶格参数的影响较小,与理论计算结果一致。Cu掺杂显著改变了ZnO薄膜在近紫外及可见光波段的吸收特性,其光学带隙随着Cu掺杂量的增加有所减小,带隙宽度的变化趋势与理论结果有着很好的一致性。Cu掺杂显著降低了ZnO薄膜的发光效率,具有明显的发光猝灭作用,但并不影响光致发光的发光峰位。说明Cu掺杂导致的吸收特性的改变可能与杂质能级有关,这与能带结构计算发现的Cu-3d电子态位于价带顶附近的禁带中是一致的。     

Ag:ZnO/SiO_2复合薄膜的制备与光学性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃衬底上制备Ag掺杂于ZnO层的Ag:ZnO/SiO2(AZSO)复合薄膜,采用XRD、SEM、UV-Vis和PL谱等手段对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌、透过率、吸收率及光致发光性能等进行表征,并观察了掺Ag量对复合薄膜光学性能的影响。XRD结果表明:样品经300℃退火处理后出现ZnO及单质Ag衍射峰;由SEM结果可观察到AZSO复合薄膜颗粒分散均匀,表面致密,其断面照片显示了薄膜的双层结构。UV-Vis吸收光谱结果表明:随着复合薄膜中Ag含量的增加,Ag与ZnO之间的电子转移及Ag颗粒的变大促使Ag的特征吸收峰呈现红移和宽化,样品的透过率也随之降低,吸收边向短波长方向移动,禁带宽度减小。PL谱结果表明:由于Ag的掺入减少了ZnO内空穴浓度并对复合薄膜的结构缺陷进行补偿,以及Ag在440nm附近的特征吸收,降低了复合薄膜的发光强度。     

Crystallization of Poly(Ethylene Oxide) in Thin Films

Crystallization of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in thin films was studied using hot-stage polarized optical microscopy. Isothermal linear crystal growth rates were measured for various film thicknesses at various degrees of undercooling. At a given crystallization temperature, the linear crystal growth rate decreased exponentially with decreasing film thickness below a film thickness of 80 nm. Films showed similar spherulitic morphology down to a film thickness of 30 nm. Control experiments on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces showed that surface chemistry affects stability of the polymer films and causes a competition between crystallization and dewetting.     

原子层沉积制备Ta_2O_5薄膜的光学特性研究

以乙醇钽[Ta(OC2H5)5]和水蒸气为前驱体,采用原子层沉积(ALD)方法分别在基板温度为250℃和300℃的K9和石英衬底上制备了Ta2O5光学薄膜。采用分光光度计、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)等手段对薄膜的光学特性、微结构和表面形貌进行了研究。结果表明,用ALD方法制备的Ta2O5薄膜在刚沉积和350℃退火后均为无定形结构,而250℃温度下沉积的薄膜其表面粗糙度低,聚集密度很高,光学均匀性优,在中紫外到近红外均表现出很好的光学特性,可以作为高折射率材料很好地应用于光学薄膜中。     

掺锰氧化锌的结构和光学特性

采用直流反应磁控溅射的方法,在玻璃衬底上沉积了Zn0.93Mn0.07O薄膜,研究了氧分压对薄膜结构和光学特性的影响。X射线衍射测试结果显示,Zn0.93Mn0.07O薄膜都具有高度的c轴择优取向,在氧分压为0.4的时候,薄膜的衍射峰具有最小的半峰全宽,最大的晶粒尺寸。X射线光电子能谱测试结果表明:Mn2 离子已经取代了氧化锌晶格中的部分Zn2 ,但还掺杂有少量的MnO2分子;处在1 021 eV的Zn 2p3/2能级只有单一的Zn2 ;而O2 -则来自Zn-O和Mn-O。由于伯斯坦-莫斯效应,Zn0.93Mn0.07O薄膜光吸收跃迁过程只能在价带态和费密能级附近及以上的导带空态之间发生,其吸收谱线显示,与纯ZnO薄膜吸收谱线相比,产生了蓝移现象。同时还伴随有导带尾跃迁的发生,研究表明,这是由3d5多重能级的d-d跃迁而引起的。经过计算,在氧分压为0.4的时,Zn0.93Mn0.07O薄膜的禁带宽度是最大的,这可能是由交换作用的减弱而引起的。     

Molecular Simulations of Physical and Chemical Properties of Poly(Imino Ketone)s

Six kinds of poly(imino ketone)s (PIKs) with different structures were designed, involving different ratios of carbonyl and imino groups, and the insertion of two types of bulky groups in the main chain. Under 3D periodic boundary conditions, simulations of physical and chemical properties for PIKs with six different structures on the molecular level, including fractional free volume (FFV) and melt density, solubility, and glass transition temperature, were carried out.     

纳米二氧化钒薄膜的电学与光学相变特性

采用双离子束溅射氧化钒薄膜附加热处理的方式制备了纳米二氧化钒薄膜。在热驱动方式下,分别利用四探针测试技术和傅里叶变换红外光谱技术对纳米二氧化钒薄膜的电学与光学半导体-金属相变特性进行了测试与分析。实验结果表明,电学相变特性与光学相变特性之间存在明显的偏差,电学相变温度为63 ℃,高于光学相变温度,60 ℃;电学相变持续的温度宽度较光学相变持续温度宽度宽;在红外光波段,随着波长的增加,纳米二氧化钒薄膜的光学相变温度逐渐增大,由半导体相向金属相转变的初始温度逐渐升高,相变持续的温度宽度变窄。在红外光波段,纳米二氧化钒薄膜的光学相变特性可以通过光波波长进行调控,电学相变特性更适合表征纳米VO₂薄膜的半导体-金属相变特性。     

SiO2和HfO2薄膜光学性能的椭偏光谱测量

结合XRD和原子力显微镜等方法,利用椭圆偏振光谱仪测试了单层SiO2薄膜（K9基片）和单层HfO2薄膜（K9基片）的椭偏参数,并用Sellmeier模型和Cauchy模型对两种薄膜进行拟合,获得了SiO2薄膜和HfO2薄膜在300-800nm波段内的色散关系。用X射线衍射仪确定薄膜结构,并用原子力显微镜观察薄膜的微观形貌,分析表明：SiO2薄膜晶相结构呈现无定型结构,HfO2薄膜的晶相结构呈现单斜相结构;薄膜光学常数的大小和薄膜的表面形貌有关;Sellmeier和Cauchy模型较好地描述了该波段内薄膜的光学性能,并得到薄膜的折射率和消光系数等光学常数随波长的变化规律。     

氢退火对LPCVD生长的ZnO薄膜光学和电学性能的影响

采用低压化学气相沉积(LPCVD)在玻璃衬底上制备了B掺杂ZnO(BZO)薄膜,研究了氢气气氛退火对BZO薄膜光学性能和电学性能的影响。结果表明:在氢气气氛下退火后,BZO薄膜的物相结构和透光率基本无变化,但BZO薄膜的导电能力却明显提高。Hall测试结果表明:在氢气下退火时载流子浓度基本保持不变,但迁移率却明显提高。实验结果可为进一步提高BZO薄膜的光学电学综合性能提供借鉴。     

Bi3.15Eu0.85Ti3O12铁电薄膜的结构与光学性能

采用化学溶液沉积法在石英衬底上制备了Bi_3.15Eu_0.85Ti₃O₁₂ (BEuT) 铁电薄膜,研究了 BEuT薄膜的结构和光学性能。XRD结果表明,不同温度退火的BEuT皆形成铋层状钙钛矿型结构,其晶粒尺寸随着退火温度的升高而增大,与SEM观察结果一致。对BEuT薄膜的拉曼光谱研究表明,Eu³⁺主要取代钙钛矿层中的Bi³⁺位。光学透过率曲线显示,在大于500 nm的波段,各BEuT薄膜的透过率均比较高,其禁带宽度约为 3.69 eV。BEuT薄膜的发光随着退火温度的升高而增强,这可归因于其结晶状况的改善。     

The Surface Wettability and Adhesion of Poly(Ester Urethane)s and Poly(Ether Urethane)s

In this study the wetting characteristics of untreated and plasma-treated polyurethane thin films were investigated. The degree of wettability was investigated by measuring the contact angle formed between a liquid drop and the solid surface. The work of adhesion, interfacial free energy, spreading coefficient, and Girifalco–Good's interaction parameter changed significantly for plasma-treated polyurethane films. Both complete and partial wetting were analyzed from the spreading coefficient of liquid drops on the solid substrate.     

退火对磁控溅射HfSi_xO_y薄膜光学性质的影响

采用射频反应磁控溅射方法在硅衬底制备了HfSixOy薄膜,用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了HfSixOy薄膜的成分,用X射线衍射(XRD)检测了薄膜的结构,并用椭圆偏振光谱仪研究了退火处理对薄膜光学性质的影响。XRD谱显示,HfSixOy薄膜经700℃高温退火处理后仍为非晶态,而在900℃高温退火处理后出现晶化。采用Tauc-Lorentz(TL)色散模型对测试得到的曲线进行拟合并分析得出薄膜的光学常数,结果表明,薄膜的折射率随退火温度的升高而增加,而消光系数随退火温度的升高呈降低趋势。薄膜的光学带隙随着退火温度的升高增加,采用外推法得到薄膜沉积态和经500℃,700℃,900℃退火后的带隙分别为5.62,5.65,5.68,5.98eV。     

掺杂氧的Ge-Sb-Te相变薄膜的光学性质

研究了氧掺入Ge-Sb-Te射频溅射相变薄膜在400nm-800nm区域的光学常数（n,k）和反射、透射光谱，发现适当的氧掺入能大大增加退火前后反射率对比度，因此可通过氧掺入改良Ge-Sb-Te相变材料的光存储性能。     

基片温度和退火对CdIn2O4薄膜光学性质和载流子浓度的影响

对射频反应性溅射Cd In合金靶制备的透明导电CdIn2 O4薄膜 ,研究了基片温度及沉积后在氩气流中退火对薄膜的透射、反射和吸收光谱 ,光学常数和载流子浓度的影响。结果表明 :提高基片温度减少了薄膜的载流子浓度 ,退火增加了薄膜的载流子浓度。随着基片温度提高 ,薄膜折射率n和消光系数κ的短波峰将逐渐蓝移 ,而退火使其出现红移。基片温度和退火对薄膜光学常数的影响与其对薄膜载流子浓度的影响是一致的。在制备CdIn2 O4这样一种对于沉积方法和沉积条件极为敏感的透明导电薄膜的沉积过程中 ,这一现象对于实时监控具有极为重要的意义。     

(Li,Cu)掺杂ZnO薄膜的发光性质

利用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-gel)法在n型si(100)衬底上制备(Li,Cu)掺杂ZnO薄膜,研究了室温下薄膜的结构、形貌和光致发光性能.研究结果表明,随着Li掺杂浓度的增加,可见光发光强度增加,可见光发射可能是源于单电离氧窄位到价带顶以及单电离氧空位到Li替位Zn(Lizn)受主跃迁的双重作用.与此类似,Cu掺杂Zn...