基于国产网络设备的火箭地面测发控网络平台设计

高可靠的测试网络作为运载火箭远距离测发控的基础平台,是实现运载火箭地面远距离测试发控的重要技术保障。通过对运载火箭地面测发控网络架构深入研究,采用国产商用网络设备搭建原型平台、开展原理性验证试验,经过反复试验,不断改进技术方案,解决了冗余热备网络协议选用、冗余故障切换、故障切换实时性、网络可靠性等技术难题,提出了基于国产化设备的网络架构设计方案。对网络架构的工作原理、可靠性、实时性、安全性进行了详细分析。建立的国产化高可靠网络架构,不仅能够应对复杂的火箭测试现场,使网络平台具有更好的可靠性、实时性、扩展性和灵活性,更进一步提高了网络的安全性。设计的国产化网络平台架构可用于运载火箭地面测发控网络使用。     

新型测发控系统方舱结构研究设计

移动测发控系统是实现航天装备快速进入空间需求的首要条件。针对我国现役运载火箭测发控周期较长、地面测试设备复杂、缺乏移动发射能力,在新一代快速发射运载火箭的研发中通过采用“设备集成、线缆集中铺设、人机工程优化、方舱结构为平台”等多项技术,研发出了新型移动快速测发控系统,实现了新一代运载火箭(≤一周左右)快速简易测发的目标。     

适用于新型运载火箭的快速测试发射技术研究

运载火箭测试发射系统对数据处理能力、数据通信能力的要求越来越高,提高发射效率、缩短测试时间、优化测试流程是航天发射任务长期的需求。为了适应新型运载火箭快速测试发射的需求,提高我国地面测试发射系统整体水平,在借鉴和继承国内外成熟型号地面测试发控系统优秀设计思想的基础上,概要介绍了新型运载火箭测发控网络的特点,提出了一种适用于新型运载火箭地面测试发射系统框架和快速测试发射工艺流程, 给出了最少发射条件的建议,为新型运载火箭机动快速发射测试方法和测试流程的制定提供了参考依据。     

测发控软件组态开发平台的设计与应用

为了适应并满足快速构建运载火箭测发控软件的业务需求,提出一种以实时内存数据库为核心,多个软件构件为基础的组态式软件开发平台。为设计人员提供了统一的开发接口和应用模式,可根据具体需求选择不同的构件和模块进行组态配置和定制式开发。目前在该平台基础上开发的数十项测发控软件已经成功应用在多个运载火箭型号之中,证明其灵活的结构设计和高复用构件能够很好地满足需求的快速响应,极大提高了测发控软件的实时数据服务与应用水平。     

某型制导武器通用自动测试系统方案设计

针对基于VXI总线的某型制导武器通用自动测试系统存在的测试效率难以提升、通用化和小型化程度不够、测试技术标准化和信息化水平不高等问题,提出基于PXI总线的某新型制导武器通用自动测试系统的总体设计技术方案,通过采用新型高速仪器总线、合成仪器、TPS可移植等技术,以及软硬件平台模块化、专测组件通用化等设计思想,实现了系统组件标准配置、测试信息网络传输、程序软件移植使用、资源扩展方便快捷的设计初衷,使系统形成跨平台通用化与互操作能力,是现阶段精确制导武器通用自动测试系统较为理想的系统平台解决方案,经新研系统实际试用证明,该设计方案切实可行,能大幅提升多型制导武器通用测试效率,提高部队测试保障能力。     

长征六号运载火箭动力测发控系统仿真测试平台的设计

针对长征六号运载火箭动力测发控系统射前仿真测试需求,结合短周期快速发射及方舱操作的特点,设计了一种仿真测试平台;该测试平台使用电气信号模拟动力配气台阀门、压力传感器及箭体连接器硬件接口信号,形成硬件接口层;采用软件模拟配气台工作原理,仿真箭体连接器通断,并模拟基地加注间通讯系统与动力测发控系统进行信息交互,形成软件模型层;硬件接口层与软件模型层之间通过RS422总线和PC104总线连接,实现仿真测试平台的模块化和组合化设计;该仿真测试平台为长征六号运载火箭动力测发控系统提供了闭环测试环境;实际情况表明,该仿真测试平台可覆盖动力测发控系统的全部工作状态,满足短周期快速发射的测试需求,提高了动力测发控系统仿真测试的效率。     

运载火箭一体化测发系统的并行测试研究

现役运载火箭一体化测发系统的单任务测试模式,已无法满足运载火箭的高密度、快速测发的需求。通过控制软件多线程设计实现多任务控制的并行处理;使用分布式执行终端,同步完成并行测试功能。设计具有包含多任务信息的通讯协议,实现并行测试信息的网络传输。利用软件的共享缓存技术实现多任务之间的信息交互。在信息传输中通过字节流模式进行先进先出的实时通信,保证了运载火箭测发的实时性。通过对一体化测发系统的并行测试研究,可实现一套测发控系统对箭上多个子系统同时进行测试。 并行测试技术的研究利用了计算机系统并行处理能力,通过测发软件的并行设计,实现可由用户控制的多任务并行测试系统,提高了运载火箭的测试效率和节省测试费用,是解决运载火箭高密度、低成本发射的一种技术途径。     

测发控系统方舱结构研究

把航天装备送入空间的快速发射,对测发控系统提出了便捷、移动要求;目前现役运载火箭测发控系统状态是系统复杂、难以移动,已不适应当前航天装备快速送入空间的发展,为此提出一种新型移动式测发控系统方舱结构模式;该模式采取了遵循设备集成原则,通过使用方舱、线缆铺设、人机工程优化等先进设计理念与方法来实现测发控系统快速、可移动的要求,同时解决了该系统原先存在多方面存在的问题;通过长期对系统方舱结构的研究工作,研发出通过采用“设备集成、线缆集中铺设、人机工程优化、方舱结构为平台”等先进技术的新型移动快速测发控系统方舱结构系统,为实现系统快速、可移动要求提供了技术基础;该系统经过工程使用,实现了新一代运载火箭快速简易测发控的目标。     

基于现场可编程门阵列的通用化PCM编码器

针对目前弹载遥测系统对PCM编码器提出的通用化应用需求,提出了一种基于现场可编程门阵列的通用化PCM编码器。该方法以软件为主的信号处理方式代替硬件处理,采用Verilog HDL语言和模块化的设计思想将编码器的各功能模块集成在单片FPGA中,通过功能模块的积木式组合和参数配置实现了对被测弹箭系统的采集编码。仿真测试结果表明该编码器满足绝大多数弹箭遥测系统的参数测试要求,在弹箭遥测系统中飞行试验结果表明该编码器在全弹道飞行过程中工作稳定可靠,该编码器实现了通用化的要求。     

FPGA软件自动化验证平台设计与实践

目前,航天任务急剧增多,研制周期大大缩短,FPGA的应用呈阶梯式增长,提高FPGA软件的测试效率成为新的挑战。验证平台的搭建是进行FPGA测试的前提条件,而验证平台的好坏直接影响测试效率和质量。为了提高测试效率,设计搭建了基于Makefile脚本的自动化验证平台,可在该平台上进行FPGA软件静态测试和动态测试,覆盖了目前航天型号FPGA软件测试的全部类型,实验结果表明该平台的应用能够有效地缩短测试时间,并保证测试质量。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.