关于特征值问题有限元方法研究的一个说法

受林群的微积分哲学公式((相对真理)/(绝对真理)=0.9)的启示,总结了近些年来关于特征值问题有限元方法的研究,并发现其背后同样隐藏着该哲学公式,换句话说,所追求的是特征值问题的有限元数值解和真解的零距离,其实就是追求真解的过程,要经多道(即0.9,0.99,0.999,…),再将比例,即(数值解)/(真解),提到1.     

Global structure of Riemann solutions to a system of two-dimensional hyperbolic conservation laws

The Riemann problem for a two-dimensional nonstrictly hyperbolic system of conservation laws is considered. Without the restriction that each jump of the initial data projects one planar elementary wave, ten topologically distinct solutions are obtained by applying the method of generalized characteristic analysis. Some of these solutions involve the nonclassical waves, i.e., the delta shock wave and the delta contact discontinuity, for which we explicitly give the expressions of their strengths, locations and propagation speeds. Moreover, we demonstrate that the nature of our solutions is identical with that of solutions to the corresponding one-dimensional Cauchy problem, which provides a verification that our construction produces the correct unique global solutions.     

Construction of strong solutions of SDE's via Malliavin calculus

In this paper we develop a new method for the construction of strong solutions of stochastic equations with discontinuous coefficients. We illustrate this approach by studying stochastic differential equations driven by the Wiener process. Using Malliavin calculus we derive the result of A.K. Zvonkin (1974) [31] for bounded and measurable drift coefficients as a special case of our analysis of SDE's. Moreover, our approach yields the important insight that the solutions obtained by Zvonkin are even Malliavin differentiable. The latter indicates that the “nature” of strong solutions of SDE's is tightly linked to the property of Malliavin differentiability. We also stress that our method does not involve a pathwise uniqueness argument but provides a direct construction of strong solutions.     

Skyrmion dynamics in (2 + 1) dimensions

We review our construction, reported in previous papers, of some models in (2 + 1) dimensions that have topologically stable solutions. We reproduce our arguments which have allowed us to construct a Skyrme-like S² model and we show that its classical solutions are stable. We also review the scattering properties of these solutions.     

Auto-Bäcklund transformation and similarity reductions for coupled Burger’s equation

In this work, we applied Bäcklund transformation and similarity reduction for coupled Burger’s equation. Clarkson and Kruskal developed a direct and simple method to obtain more similarity solutions of nonlinear partial differential equation. We received our inspiration from Fan’s article, as far as we think that our work is an extended one from the Fan’s has done in his paper. As a result of this study, we obtained solitary wave solutions and traveling wave solutions of coupled Burger’s equation.     

Hopf bifurcation analysis in a one-dimensional Schnakenberg reaction-diffusion model

In this paper, we study the Hopf bifurcation phenomenon of a one-dimensional Schnakenberg reaction-diffusion model subject to the Neumann boundary condition. Our results reveal that both spatially homogeneous periodic solutions and spatially heterogeneous periodic solution exist. Moreover, we conclude that the spatially homogeneous periodic solutions are locally asymptotically stable and the spatially heterogeneous periodic solutions are unstable. In addition, we give specific examples to illustrate the phenomenon that coincides with our theoretical results.     

A level set approach for computing discontinuous solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equations

We introduce two types of finite difference methods to compute the L-solution and the proper viscosity solution recently proposed by the second author for semi-discontinuous solutions to a class of Hamilton-Jacobi equations. By regarding the graph of the solution as the zero level curve of a continuous function in one dimension higher, we can treat the corresponding level set equation using the viscosity theory introduced by Crandall and Lions. However, we need to pay special attention both analytically and numerically to prevent the zero level curve from overturning so that it can be interpreted as the graph of a function. We demonstrate our Lax-Friedrichs type numerical methods for computing the L-solution using its original level set formulation. In addition, we couple our numerical methods with a singular diffusive term which is essential to computing solutions to a more general class of HJ equations that includes conservation laws. With this singular viscosity, our numerical methods do not require the divergence structure of equations and do apply to more general equations developing shocks other than conservation laws. These numerical methods are generalized to higher order accuracy using weighted ENO local Lax-Friedrichs methods as developed recently by Jiang and Peng. We verify that our numerical solutions approximate the proper viscosity solutions obtained by the second author in a recent Hokkaido University preprint. Finally, since the solution of scalar conservation law equations can be constructed using existing numerical techniques, we use it to verify that our numerical solution approximates the entropy solution.

     

Variable and large neighborhood search to solve the multiobjective set covering problem

In this paper, we study the multiobjective version of the set covering problem. To our knowledge, this problem has only been addressed in two papers before, and with two objectives and heuristic methods. We propose a new heuristic, based on the two-phase Pareto local search, with the aim of generating a good approximation of the Pareto efficient solutions. In the first phase of this method, the supported efficient solutions or a good approximation of these solutions is generated. Then, a neighborhood embedded in the Pareto local search is applied to generate non-supported efficient solutions. In order to get high quality results, two elaborate local search techniques are considered: a large neighborhood search and a variable neighborhood search. We intensively study the parameters of these two techniques. We compare our results with state-of-the-art results and we show that with our method, better results are obtained for different indicators.     

Finite speed propagation of the solutions for the relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell system

In this paper, we investigate the continuous dependence with respect to the initial data of the solutions for the 1D and 1.5D relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell system. More precisely, we prove that these solutions propagate with finite speed. We formulate our results in the framework of mild solutions, i.e., the particle densities are solutions by characteristics and the electro-magnetic fields are Lipschitz continuous functions.     

THREE SOLUTIONS FOR A FRACTIONAL ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS WITH CRITICAL AND SUPERCRITICAL GROWTH

In this paper,we deal with the existence and multiplicity of solutions to the fractional elliptic problems involving critical and supercritical Sobolev exponent via variational arguments.By means of the truncation combining with the Moser iteration,we prove that our problem has at least three solutions.     

On degenerate diffusion with very strong absorption

We prove the existence of weak global solutions to the degenerate diffusion equation (1) with singular absorption term. Moreover we investigate the regularity up to the quenching time and we show by means of explicit solutions that our regularity results are optimal.     

Existence and exponential stability of positive almost periodic solution for Nicholson-type delay systems

In this paper, we study the existence and exponential convergence of positive almost periodic solutions for a class of Nicholson-type delay system. Under proper conditions, we establish some criteria to ensure that the solutions of this system converge locally exponentially to a positive almost periodic solution. Moreover, we give an example to illustrate our main results.     

Finite speed propagation of the solutions for the relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell system

In this paper, we investigate the continuous dependence with respect to the initial data of the solutions for the 1D and 1.5D relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell system. More precisely, we prove that these solutions propagate with finite speed. We formulate our results in the framework of mild solutions, i.e., the particle densities are solutions by characteristics and the electro-magnetic fields are Lipschitz continuous functions.     

Asymptotic forms of positive solutions of quasilinear ordinary differential equations with singular nonlinearities

In this paper we consider positive solutions of second order quasilinear ordinary differential equations with singular nonlinearities. We obtain asymptotic equivalence theorems for asymptotically superlinear solutions and decaying solutions. By using these theorems, exact asymptotic forms of such solutions are determined. Furthermore, we can establish the uniqueness of decaying solutions as an application of our results.     

Different kinds of exact solutions with two-loop character of the two-component short pulse equations of the first kind

In this paper, by using the integral bifurcation method and the Sakovich’s transformations, we study the two-component short pulse equations of the first kind, different kinds of exact traveling wave solutions with two-loop character, such as two-loop soliton solutions, periodic loop-compacton wave solutions and different kinds of periodic two-loop wave solutions are obtained. Further, we discuss their dynamical behaviors of these exact traveling wave solutions and show their profiles of time evolution by illustrations. This is first time in our research area that we obtain two-soliton solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations under no help of Hirota’s method, inverse scattering method, Darboux transformation and Bächlund transformation.     

The positive almost periodic solution for Nicholson-type delay systems with linear harvesting terms

In this paper, we study the existence and exponential convergence of positive almost periodic solutions for a class of Nicholson-type delay system with linear harvesting terms. Under appropriate conditions, we establish some criteria to ensure that the solutions of this system converge locally exponentially to a positive almost periodic solution. Moreover, we give an example to illustrate our main results.     

On asymptotic properties of solutions of functional differential equations of neutral type

In this paper, we obtain sharp estimates for strong solutions of functional differential equations of neutral type. Our result is closely connected with our previous results devoted to the initial-value problem for above-mentioned equations in the scale of Sobolev spaces. To obtain our estimates of the solutions, we essentially use Riesz basis properties of the system of exponential solutions. The fact that they form a Riesz basis is one of the main results of this article. __________ Translated from Sovremennaya Matematika. Fundamental’nye Napravleniya (Contemporary Mathematics. Fundamental Directions), Vol. 15, Differential and Functional Differential Equations. Part 1, 2006.     

A New Evans Function for Quasi-Periodic Solutions of the Linearised Sine-Gordon Equation

We construct a new Evans function for quasi-periodic solutions to the linearisation of the sine-Gordon equation about a periodic travelling wave. This Evans function is written in terms of fundamental solutions to a Hill’s equation. Applying the Evans-Krein function theory of Kollár and Miller (SIAM Rev 56(1):73–123, 2014) to our Evans function, we provide a new method for computing the Krein signatures of simple characteristic values of the linearised sine-Gordon equation. By varying the Floquet exponent parametrising the quasi-periodic solutions, we compute the linearised spectra of periodic travelling wave solutions of the sine-Gordon equation and track dynamical Hamiltonian–Hopf bifurcations via the Krein signature. Finally, we show that our new Evans function can be readily applied to the general case of the nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation with a non-periodic potential.

     

Meromorphic solutions of some types of complex differential-difference equations

Using Nevanlinna theory of the value distribution of meromorphic functions, we investigate the problem of the existence of meromorphic solutions of some types of complex differential-difference equations and some properties of meromorphic solutions, and we obtain some results, which are the improvements and extensions of some results in references. Examples show that our results are precise.     

Renormalised solutions in thermo-visco-plasticity for a Norton–Hoff type model. Part II: The limit case

In this article we define a new notion of solutions in thermo-visco-plasticity. Using results from our previous work Chełmiński and Owczarek (2016) we analyse the limit case and prove existence of renormalised solutions to the considered problem assuming that the inelastic constitutive function is of the Norton–Hoff type.