On weakly (τ, m)-continuous functions

In this paper we introduce a new notion of weakly (τ, m)-continuous functions as functions from a topological space into a set satisfying some minimal conditions. We obtain some characterizations and several properties of such functions. This function leads to the formulation of a unified theory of weak continuity [20], almosts-continuity [33],p(θ)-continuity [10] andp-continuity [41].     

A unified theory of<Emphasis Type="Italic">θ</Emphasis>-continuity for functions

We introduce a new notion ofθ-M-continuous functions as functions from a set satisfying some minimal conditions into a set satisfying some minimal conditions. We obtain some characterizations and several properties of such functions. The functions enable us to formulate a unified theory ofθ-continuity [15],θ-semi-continuity [4], quasi-irresoluteness [9],θ-preirresoluteness [29], and weakβ-irresoluteness [30].     

A unified theory of R-continuity

We introduce and investigate R-M-continuous functions defined between sets satisfying some minimal conditions. The functions enable us to formulate a unified theory of modifications of R-continuity [22]: R-irresoluteness [6], R-preirresoluteness [7].      

The further unified theory for modifications of g-closed sets

We introduce a new set called mng-closedwhich is defined on a set with two families of sets satisfying some minimal conditions. This set enables us to unify modifications of g-closed sets due to Levine [19].      

A unified theory for modifications of<Emphasis Type="Italic">g</Emphasis>-closed sets

We introduce a new set calledmg-closed which is defined on a family of sets satisfying some minimal conditions. This set enables us to unify certain kind of modifications of generalized closed sets due to Levine [17].     

A New Approach to the Algebraic Structures for Integration Methods

The analysis of compositions of Runge-Kutta methods involves manipulations of functions defined on rooted trees. Existing formulations due to Butcher [1972], Hairer and Wanner [1974], and Murua and Sanz-Serna [1999], while equivalent, differ in details. The subject of the present paper is a new recursive formulation of the composition rules. This both simplifies and extends the existing approaches. Instead of using the order conditions based on trees, we propose the construction of the order conditions using a suitably chosen basis on the tree space. In particular, the linear structure of the tree space gives a representation of the C and D simplifying assumptions on trees which is not restricted to Runge-Kutta methods. A proof of the group structure of the set of elementary weight functions satisfying the D simplifying assumptions is also given is this paper.     

A unified theory of weak contra-continuity

We introduce a new notion called weakly contra-m-continuous functions as functions from a set satisfying some minimal conditions into a topological space. We obtain some characterizations and several properties of such functions. The functions enable us to formulate a unified theory of several modifications of weak contra-continuity due to Baker [9].     

On moduli of p-continuity

Moduli of p-continuity provide a measure of fractional smoothness of functions via p-variation. We prove a sharp estimate of the modulus of p-continuity in terms of the modulus of q-continuity (1<p<q<??).     

The Maximal Closed Classes of Unary Functions in p-Valued Logic

In many-valued logic the decision of functional completeness is a basic and important problem, and the thorough solution to this problem depends on determining all maximal closed sets in the set of many-valued logic functions. It includes three famous problems, i.e., to determine all maximal closed sets in the set of the total, of the partial and of the unary many-valued logic functions, respectively. The first two problems have been completely solved ([1], [2], [8]), and the solution to the third problem boils down to determining all maximal subgroups in the k-degree symmetric group S_k, which is an open problem in the finite group theory. In this paper, all maximal closed sets in the set of unary p-valued logic functions are determined, where p is a prime. Mathematics Subject Classification: 03B50, 20B35.     

Fuzzy (Θ, S)-continuity and fuzzy (Θ, S)-closed graphs

The concept of (,s)-continuity [6] is considered and studied in fuzzy setting. It is seen that althought it is independent with each of the concepts of fuzzy continuity [2], fuzzy -continuity [10], fuzzy almost continuity [1] and fuzzy semicontinuity [1]; it implies fuzzy weak continuity [1], but the converse may not be true. The image of a compact fts [2] under a fuzzy (,s)-continuous surjective function isS-closed [5]. Finally the concepts of fuzzy (,s)-closed graphs, fuzzy (,s)-T ₂ spaces and fuzzy Urysohn spaces are introduced and mainly their connections with fuzzy (,s)-continuity are studied.     

Newton's problem of the body of minimal resistance under a single-impact assumption

We consider the problem of the body of minimal resistance as formulated in [2], Sect. 5: minimize , where is the unit disc of , in the class of radial functions satisfying a geometrical property (1), corresponding to a single-impact assumption ( is a given parameter). We prove the existence of a critical value of M. For , there exist a unique local minimizer of the functional. For , the set of local minimizers is not compact in , though they all achieve the same value of the functional. Received February 15, 2000 / Accepted May 2, 2000 / Published online September 14, 2000     

两个正规p-超可解子群的积

本文研究了两个正规的p-超可解子群的积构成的极小非P-超可解群的结构的问题.利用有限群论和群类论的一些基本方法,获得了两个正规的p-超可解子群的积仍为P-超可解群的一些充分条件,并推广了文[1]中关于超可解群的情况.     

A note on θ(g, g′)-continuity in generalized topological spaces

The concept of θ(g, g′)-continuity was introduced by Császár [1]. In this paper, we investigate characterizations for θ(g, g′)-continuous functions and introduce the concept of weak θ(g, g′)-continuity, and study characterizations for weak θ(g, g′)-continuity and the relationships among θ(g, g′)-continuity, weak (g, g′)-continuity and weak θ(g, g′)-continuity.     

On the diophantine equation x 2 + p 2k = y n

Let 2 ≤ p < 100 be a rational prime and consider equation (3) in the title in integer unknowns x, y, n, k with x > 0, y > 1, n ≥ 3 prime, k ≥ 0 and gcd(x, y) = 1. Under the above conditions we give all solutions of the title equation (see the Theorem). We note that if in (3) gcd(x, y) = 1, our Theorem is an extension of several earlier results [15], [27], [2], [3], [5], [23]. Received: 25 April 2008     

An extrapolation theorem for nonlinear approximation and its applications

We prove an extrapolation theorem for the nonlinear m-term approximation with respect to a system of functions satisfying very mild conditions. This theorem allows us to prove endpoint L^p-L^q estimates in nonlinear approximation. As a consequence, some known endpoint estimates can be deduced directly and some new estimates are also obtained. Finally, applications of these new estimates are given to spherical m-widths and m-term approximation of the weighted Besov classes.     

Coverings of [MO n ] and minimal orthomodular lattices

If T is an orthomodular lattice (OML), we denote by [T] the equational class generated by T. In this paper we characterize the finite OMLs T such that [T] covers some [MO _n ]. These OMLs T are the non-modular OMLs such that all proper sub-OMLs of T are modular. An OML satisfying that last property is called minimal. There exist infinitely many minimal OMLs provided by quadratic spaces over finite fields. We describe them and give a new way to represent their Greechie diagrams in two separate parts. Other methods to obtain finite minimal OMLs are given. Received May 14, 2005; accepted in final form May 30, 2007.     

On weak neighborhood systems and spaces

We introduce and study the concepts of weak neighborhood systems, weak neighborhood spaces, ω(ψ, ψ′)-continuity, ω-continuity and ω*-continuity on WNS’s. This work was supported by a grant from Research Institute for Basic Science at Kangwon National University.     

The Spectra of General Differential Operators in the Direct Sum Spaces

In this paper, the general ordinary quasi-differential expression M _pof n-th order with complex coefficients and its formal adjoint M _p ⁺ on any finite number of intervals I _p =(a _p ,b _p ),p= 1,...,N, are considered in the setting of the direct sums of L _wp ² (a _p ,b _p )-spaces of functions defined on each of the separate intervals, and a number of results concerning the location of the point spectra and the regularity fields of general differential operators generated by such expressions are obtained. Some of these are extensions or generalizations of those in a symmetric case in [1], [14], [15], [16], [17] and of a general case with one interval in [2], [11], [12], whilst others are new.     

Homogenization of Gradient-Constrained Problems with Respect to Periodic Measures

We study the asymptotic behavior of solutions of minimization problems of integral functionals with integrands satisfying p-growth conditions, with respect to constraints that are imposed on gradients of admissible functions on a periodic disperse set and with respect to periodic measures that are assumed to be nondegenerate and satisfying the Poincare inequality. __________ Translated from Sovremennaya Matematika i Ee Prilozheniya (Contemporary Mathematics and Its Applications), Vol. 12, Partial Differential Equations, 2004.     

A regularization semismooth Newton method based on the generalized Fischer–Burmeister function for -NCPs

We consider a regularization method for nonlinear complementarity problems with F being a P₀-function which replaces the original problem with a sequence of the regularized complementarity problems. In this paper, this sequence of regularized complementarity problems are solved approximately by applying the generalized Newton method for an equivalent augmented system of equations, constructed by the generalized Fischer–Burmeister (FB) NCP-functions φ_p with p>1. We test the performance of the regularization semismooth Newton method based on the family of NCP-functions through solving all test problems from MCPLIB. Numerical experiments indicate that the method associated with a smaller p, for example p[1.1,2], usually has better numerical performance, and the generalized FB functions φ_p with p[1.1,2) can be used as the substitutions for the FB function φ₂.