沉积氯铱酸的γ-Al_2O_3的表面性质

用氮物理吸附、氢化学吸附和可见光谱等方法对沉积H_2IrCl_6的γ-Al_2O_3(Ir含量0.5—30％重)的物理和化学性质进行了研究。通过孔结构分析,认为H_2IrCl_6首先集中沉积在γ-Al_2O_3的直径为40以下微孔中,此后随沉积量增加,微孔中沉积层加厚,并逐渐向大孔沉积。γ-Al_2O_3浸渍0.5—3％的H_2IrCl_6后,其特征谱带与[IrCl_6]~(-2)的对比有较明显位移,因此认为在浸渍过程中[IrCl_6]~(-2)离子与γ-Al_2O_3之间发生相互作用。氢化学吸附结果与上述观点一致。     

几种新型分子筛吸附性能的研究

在Na_2O-CaO-B_2O_3-Al_2O_3-R-H_2O水热体系中,首次合成了四种新型微孔硼铝酸盐。吸附性能的测定及孔径分布的计算表明,它们均表现有分子筛吸附性能,且其孔径分布集中在0.5～0.7nm之间。     

磁性颗粒活性炭对PFOA的吸附性能研究

采用浸润-高温改性方法简易合成了磁性活性炭(GAC-Fe_3O_4),考察改性前后吸附材料对全氟辛酸(PFOA)的吸附性能。用SEM、FT-IR、XRD、BET和孔隙结构以及磁性能和载铁量进行表征分析。结果表明,GAC-Fe_3O_4表面已成功负载上了Fe_3O_4颗粒,且属于纳米级,对GAC表面的微孔造成堵塞的同时增加了吸附点位。用等温吸附模型和动力学模型拟合了GAC和GAC-Fe_3O_4对PFOA的吸附过程,探索了不同初始pH值对PFOA的吸附性能影响及对GAC和GAC-Fe_3O_4的Zeta电位影响。吸附实验结果表明,GAC-Fe_3O_4对PFOA的最大吸附量为588.24mg/g,比GAC高47.06%,在100h左右达到吸附平衡,且在酸性环境(pH=3)下,对PFOA的吸附效果最好。GAC和GAC-Fe_3O_4对PFOA的吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和拟二级动力学模型,吸附机理主要为静电作用,疏水作用可能参与其中。     

硼酸盐分子筛的合成及其结构研究

在Na_2O-CaO(MgO)-Al_2O_3-B_2O_3-R-H_2O体系中用水热法合成了2种新型的微孔硼铝酸盐。XRD、IR和XPS分析表明,它们具有新的骨架结构。在一定温度下脱除结构中的游离水及其它分子后,所得产物表现出特征的分子筛吸附性能。吸附性能的测定结果及孔径分布的计算表明,其孔径大小在5～6之间。     

M（Ⅲ）X（Ⅴ）O4型微孔晶体研究：GaPO4—Cn系列的合成与结构

在(0.5～3)R·Ga_2O_3·(1.0～1.5)P_2O_5·(25～100)H_2O体系内,通过150～200℃、1～20天水热晶化合成了12种磷酸镓微孔晶体GaPO_4-C_n(n=1～12)。该晶体经400～500℃下脱模板剂(R)后,对水、乙醇、正己烷、环己烷有不同程度的吸附,对水的吸附等温线具有分子筛的吸附特征,报道了GaPO_4-C_3,-C_4,-C_7的单晶结构分析结果,并结合前人工作对此类新型微孔晶体结构与合成规律的特点进行了探讨。     

在Pt／Al2O3催化剂上乙醇深度氧化的稳态及非稳态动力学

用玻璃外循环无梯度反应器研究了在Pt/Al_2O_3催化剂上乙醇深度氧化稳态动力学.乙醇深度氧化稳态动力学可用乙醇及氧吸附、CO_2吸附阻碍的L-H模型描述.动力学方程(1)式中的参数用正交设计法描述.用脉冲法测定了乙醇、氧及CO_2的吸附热.在实验中观察到在Pt/Al_2O_3催化剂上乙醇深度氧化的振荡现象.     

巨正则系综Monte Carlo模拟方法研究活性炭的微孔尺寸

根据299K下甲烷在活性炭中的吸附实验数据，通过调节狭缝微孔的孔宽参数，利用巨正则系综Monte Carlo（GCEMC）方法得到不同也宽下流体的微观结构以及吸附等温线，比较并拟合模拟结果和实验数据，确定了活性炭微孔的平均孔宽，为下一步求解微孔尺寸分布以及为预测吸附剂在不同温度下吸附不同吸附质分子的吸附性能提供了基础与指导，模拟，甲烷分子采用单点Lennard-Jones球型分子模型，活性炭用狭缝孔来近似表征，流体分子与单个狭缝墙的相互作用采用著名的Steele的10－4－3势能模型，模拟表明，此方法为考察介孔材料的微孔分布以及微孔平均孔宽提供了新的思路。     

甲烷水蒸气重整催化剂上水吸附性能的研究

用程序升温脱附技术(TPD)研究了工业上常用的甲烷水蒸气重整催化剂的载体,镍催化剂和添加重稀土氧化物助剂(RE_2O_3)的镍催化剂上水的吸附性能。结果表明,水在碱性载体(CaO·Al_2O_3,CaO·2Al_2O_3,MgO·Al_2O_3)(以下简称A_2)上的吸附量比在酸性载体(α-Al_2O_3)(以下简称A_1)上吸附量约大80%;在Ni-A_2上的吸附量比在Ni-A_1催化剂上的约大10%;而在Ni-RE_2O_3-A_1和Ni-RE_2O_3-A_2上的吸附量比在相应的Ni-A_1和Ni-A_2分别大35%和38%左右。催化剂上水吸附量的大小与它在甲烷水蒸气反应中抗积炭性能的好坏相一致。测得水在A_2载体上的吸附热为224kJ/mol(280—380℃);水在Ni-RE_2O_3-A_2催化剂上的平均吸附热为46kJ/mol(110—280℃)。     

预置晶种合成MCM-41/ZSM-3复合分子筛

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和四甲基氢氧化铵为模板剂，以ZSM-3为晶种，在水热条件下合成了同时具有中孔和微孔的复合分子筛MCM-41/ZSM-3。通过XRD、IR、N2吸附脱附等温线和SEM表征，样品的XRD图谱在小角度衍射区和大角度衍射区同时出现了MCM-41和ZSM-3的衍射峰；IR图谱上也同时出现了MCM-41和ZSM-3的吸收谱带，并且合成样品与两种分子筛的机械混合物有明显差别；N2吸附脱附等温线证明样品含中孔和微孔结构，并且微孔直径集中分布在0.7 nm左右，中孔直径集中分布在3.3 nm左右；从SEM照片可以看出，复合分子筛和机械混合物形貌不同，前者为附晶生长或再结晶，后者为均匀分散。     

Y_2O_3掺杂对ZnO-B_2O_3-SiO_2玻璃黏度及成玻能力的影响

探索Y_2O_3掺杂对55ZnO40B_2O_35SiO_2玻璃黏度及成玻能力的影响,采用同步热分析仪(DSC)、热膨胀仪、高温旋转黏度计和傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)等测试方法研究了Y_2O_3掺杂量对55ZnO40B_2O_35SiO_2玻璃的特征温度、热膨胀系数、黏度和玻璃结构的影响。通过动力学脆性指数的计算推断Y_2O_3掺杂对玻璃成玻能力的影响。适量的Y_2O_3掺杂可以增大55ZnO40B_2O_35SiO_2玻璃黏度以及成玻能力,降低玻璃的热膨胀系数和脆性指数,这主要是由于Y_2O_3掺杂对55ZnO40B_2O_35SiO_2玻璃结构的影响所致。     

微流控法制备的多孔微球对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能

利用玻璃毛细管搭建单级微流控装置制备单分散水包油（O/W）乳液,以乳液为模板,紫外光照射乳液引发自由基聚合,成功制备了单分散甲基丙烯酸甲酯/甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯（MMA/DMAEMA）多孔微球。微球粒径偏差系数（CV）值小于5%,单分散性良好。研究了MMA/DMAEMA多孔微球对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能、再生吸附性能、吸附机理。结果表明：pH对微球吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的量有较大影响,当pH=3时,微球对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附率达到52.9%;循环4次后微球吸附率基本不降低,循环性能好;微球吸附符合准二级动力学模型,属于化学吸附;微球等温吸附符合Langmuir模型,属于单分子层吸附。     

Preparation and Electromagnetic Properties of Composites of Hollow Glass Microspheres Coated with NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles

"The composites of hollow glass microspheres coated with NiFe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared using polyacrylamide gel method. The structural characteristics, morphology and electromagnetic properties of the composite powders with different weight percent of glass microspheres (15%, 40%, and 65%) were obtained by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, infrared spectroscopy and HP8510 network analyzer. The results indicated that the phase structure of composite powders was the mixtures of nickel ferrite, quartz, and mullite. The peak intensity for nickel ferrite decreased rapidly and for mullite increased remarkably with the increasing amount of microspheres. A pure spinel structure of NiFe2O4 formed on the glass microspheres at 600 oC. A uniform and continuous NiFe2O4-coating was obtained when the content of microspheres was 40%. A great amount of NiFe2O4 particle size is less than 80 nm. The composite with a content of 40% microspheres exhibits better dielectric and magnetic loss properties which are useful to absorb more electromagnetic wave. It can be a kind of good and light electromagnetic wave absorbing material in the X-band."     

γ-Fe(2)O(3) and Fe(3)O(4) magnetic hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres: Preparation, formation mechanism, magnetic property, and application in water treatment

In this paper, we report the preparation of γ-Fe(2)O(3) and Fe(3)O(4) magnetic hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres by a solvothermal combined with precursor thermal conversion method. These γ-Fe(2)O(3) and Fe(3)O(4) magnetic hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres were constructed by three-dimensional self-assembly of nanosheets, forming porous nanostructures. The effects of experimental parameters including molar ratio of reactants and reaction temperature on the precursors were studied. The time-dependent experiments indicated that the Ostwald ripening was responsible for the formation of the hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres of the precursors. γ-Fe(2)O(3) and Fe(3)O(4) magnetic hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres were obtained by the thermal transformation of the precursor hollow microspheres. Both γ-Fe(2)O(3) and Fe(3)O(4) hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres exhibited a superparamagnetic property at room temperature and had the saturation magnetization of 44.2 and 55.4emu/g, respectively, in the applied magnetic field of 20 KOe. Several kinds of organic pollutants including salicylic acid (SA), methylene blue (MB), and basic fuchsin (BF) were chosen as the model water pollutants to evaluate the removal abilities of γ-Fe(2)O(3) and Fe(3)O(4) magnetic hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres. It was found that γ-Fe(2)O(3) hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres showed a better adsorption ability over SA than MB and BF. However, Fe(3)O(4) hierarchically nanostructured hollow microspheres had the best performance for adsorbing MB.     

单分散聚苯乙烯微球的制备及表征

应用膜乳化-液中干燥法成功制备出粒径为2～20μm的单分散聚苯乙烯(PS)微球.PS微球的粒径主要由膜孔径决定,其值约为膜孔径的2倍;PS溶液的浓度对其也有一定的影响.膜乳化过程中的压力对微球粒径的分散性有很大的影响,在一定压力范围内,粒径呈单分散.在分散相中加入致孔剂,制备出表面多孔的PS微球.采用复乳-液中干燥法制备出中空PS微球.     

介孔SiO2/Fe3O4中空磁性微球的漆酶固定化

以介孔SiO2/Fe3O4磁性中空微球作为载体,采用物理吸附法对漆酶进行固定化,考察了时间、温度和pH值对漆酶固定化效果的影响,并对固定漆酶的活性及稳定性进行了研究.结果表明,介孔SiO2/Fe3O4磁性中空微球吸附漆酶分子后,介孔材料的比表面积与孔体积均减小.在3 h时复合微球对漆酶的吸附达到平衡,复合微球中介孔SiO2对漆酶的有效固定量为689 mg/g,大大高于纯介孔材料MCM-41的漆酶固定量(319 mg/g).在pH=3～6的条件下,复合微球中固定漆酶仍保持70%以上的相对酶活.当温度不高于60℃时,固定漆酶的相对酶活仍保持65%以上.固定漆酶的pH稳定性和热稳定性都明显优于游离漆酶,固定漆酶的米氏常数为1.05 mmol/L,与游离漆酶相比,固定漆酶与底物的亲和力有所降低.当2,4-二氯苯酚的浓度为10 mg/L时,固定漆酶对其去除率在6 h时达到81.6%,表现出很好的催化活性.     

热敏性高分子包裹的磁性微球的性质及表征

利用扫描电镜、红外光谱、元素分析仪、热分析及激光散射粒径分析仪等手段对合成得到的Ｆｅ３Ｏ４／Ｐ（Ｓｔ ＮＩＰＡＭ）（ＰＳＮ） 和ＰＳＮＮ 微球的形貌、结构、磁响应性和热敏特性等进行了表征,结果表明微球的粒径分布呈正态分布,共聚物微球的Ｔｇ 随ＮＩＰＡＭ 组分的增加而升高,ＰＳＮ 和ＰＳＮＮ 微球均具有较强的磁响应性,其流体动力学粒径随温度的升高而减小．     

SiO2微球表面吸附PDADMAC的研究

The effects of concentration of NaCl and pH values on the adsorption isotherms of poly（diallyldimethylammonium chloride）（ PDADMAC）on SiO2 microspheres and Zeta-potential of adsorbed-silica in different pH buffer have been investigated. The results show that the adsorption of the polyelectrolyte increases with increasing salt concentration and pH values,respectively. It follows the Langmiur isotherm. The isoelectric point of SiO2 microspheres gradually migrates toward the high pH values with increasing the adsorption of PDADMAC. Under alkaline conditions the PDADMAC adsorption on SiO2 microspheres shows good stability of disperse. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）analysis of the PDADMAC adsorpted SiO2 microspheres sample exhibits the presence of nitrogen-containing intermediates with N1s XPS peaks at the binding energy of 401.7 eV. The O1s spectra show two distinct peaks which are oxygen-containing silica corresponding lower binding energy and adsorping oxygen corresponding higher binding energy,respectively. With the PDADMAC adsorption on SiO2 microspheres the peak of O1s contributed from the part of adsorping oxygen increases.     

Novel polymeric ionic liquid microspheres with high exchange capacity for fast extraction of plasmid DNA

A novel polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) microsphere, poly(1-vinyl-3-(2-methoxy-2-oxyl ethyl)imidazolium) hexafluorophosphate, is prepared via W/O emulsion polymerization. Rapid ion-exchange between the anionic moieties of PIL and DNA fragments is demonstrated facilitating the exchange equilibrium to be reached within 1 min. The PIL microspheres exhibit a high capacity of 190.7 μg mg⁻¹ for DNA adsorption. A fast DNA isolation protocol is thus developed with the PIL microspheres as solid phase adsorbent. It is feasible to facilitate DNA adsorption or stripping from the microspheres by simply regulating the concentration of salt. DNA adsorption is facilitated at low salt concentration, while higher concentration of salt entails DNA recovery from the microspheres. In practice, the retained DNA could be readily recovered with 1.0 mol L⁻¹ NaCl as stripping reagent, giving rise to a recovery of ca. 80.7%. The PIL microspheres are used for the adsorption/isolation of plasmid DNA from E. coli cell culture, demonstrating a superior adsorption performance with respect to that achieved by a commercial Plasmid Miniprep Kit.     

三聚氰胺磁性分子印迹聚合物材料的制备及性能表征

利用溶剂热法通过控制反应时间和温度制得了分散性好和磁性强的Fe3O4,并利用溶胶凝胶法制备得到包覆SiO2的磁性微球(Fe3O4@SiO2)。以三聚氰胺为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为单体,采用本体聚合法制备了磁性分子印迹聚合物(MMIPs)。通过静态吸附实验表明,MMIPs对三聚氰胺的饱和吸附量高达10.22μg/mg,是磁性非印迹聚合物(MNIPs)的1.62倍。粒子扩散模型、Elovich模型和动态吸附实验表明所制得的MMIPs有较好的吸附性能。     

壳聚糖微球负载的己二胺型聚酰胺-胺树状大分子的制备及对胆红素的吸附

通过反相悬浮反应制备了戊二醛交联的壳聚糖微球。以所制备的壳聚糖微球为载体,合成了己二胺型低代数聚酰胺-胺（Polyamidoamine,简称PAMAM）树枝状大分子（Genaration≤3）。考察了该微球在生理条件下对水溶液中胆红素的吸附行为,以及溶液的pH值,离子强度,温度,胆红素初始浓度,牛血清白蛋白等因素对吸附的影响。结果表明,吸附剂对胆红素具有良好的吸附性能,CS-G2.0,CS-G3.0,CS-G1.0,CS-G0和CS微球的平衡吸附率分别为94.61%,93.44%,92.97%,86.47%,52.38%,CS-G1.0-G3.0微球在0.5h吸附率已经超过70%,1h基本接近平衡,对胆红素的吸附量高达42.78mg/g。