大块金属玻璃Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5的流变行为研究

采用静态拉伸方法在连续升温条件下动态地测量了大块金属玻璃Zr41 Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be225(Vitl)的黏度随温度的变化关系.在应变速率与温度的关系曲线中,观测到了与玻璃转变和晶化过程相联系的多个应变速率峰.在玻璃转变温度Tg以上,大块金属玻璃Zr41Ti14Cu125Ni10Be225的过冷液体呈现Newton流体特征,其黏度与温度的关系符合Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann(VFT)关系式,拟合得到脆度D*=36,VFT温度T0=319K,脆度参数m=30,这说明Zr41 Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be225的过冷液体是一种类似于硅酸盐类的"强"液体.在玻璃转变温度Tg以下,粘度与温度的关系偏离VFT关系,从结构弛豫的观点出发,借助金属玻璃的自由体积模型对其进行了分析和讨论.     

Structural relaxation of Zr_(41)Ti_(14)Cu_(12.5)Ni_(10)Be_(22.5) bulk metallic glass under high pressure

Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5bulk metallic glass (BMG) is annealed at 573 K under 3 GPaand its structural relaxation is investigated by X-ray diffraction, ultrasonic study, compression as well as sliding wear measurements. It is found that after the ZrTiCuNiBe BMG sample was annealed under high pressure, the mechanical properties were improved. Moreover, the BMG with relaxed structure exhibits markedly different acoustic properties. These results are attributed to the fact that relaxation under high-pressure results in a microstructural transformation in the BMG.     

Compression behavior of Zr_(41)Ti_(14)Cu_(12.5)Ni_(10)Be_(22.5) bulk metallic glass up to 24 GPa

With the development of multicomponent Zr-based glass bulk metallic glasses(BMGs) with a larger geometry by a conventional casting process with a low coolingrate[1—4], high pressure, which is the simplest way to vary the interatomic distance ofsubstance and thus change its physical properties, has been employed as an importantmeans to investigate structural relaxation and the crystallization of the BMGs[5]. Relativeto crystalline, metallic glasses have excess free volume, which will annihil…     

Oxidation of Zr 55 Cu 30 Al 10 Ni 5 bulk metallic glass in the glassy state and the supercooled liquid state

The oxidation behavior of Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al₁₀Ni₅ bulk metallic glass in air in the glassy state and the supercooled liquid state was studied using a thermogravimetric analyzer, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It was found that the isothermal oxidation kinetics of the glass in both states follows a two-step parabolic law. The oxidation process is governed by the inward diffusion of oxygen and the outward diffusion of Cu, with the first being dominant. The faster diffusion of atoms in the supercooled liquid state led to a network precipitation of crystalline Cu, and the crystallization that occurred in this state in the later stage of oxidation caused a reduction in the rate of oxidation. Two types of Zr oxides, i.e. t-ZrO₂ and m-ZrO₂, were formed in the oxidation process in both the glassy and supercooled liquid states. t-ZrO₂ mainly formed in the outer layer of the oxide scale, while m-ZrO₂ tended to form in the inner layer. The formation of m-ZrO₂ is possibly activated by the crystallization of the glass near the interface of the oxide scale and the substrate alloy. In addition, oxidation also has a substantial effect on the formation of crystallized phases. The formation of a Cu-rich phase of Cu₁₀Zr₇ occurred in the oxidizing atmosphere. However, the formation of a Zr-rich phase of Zr₂(Ni, Cu) mainly took place in a vacuum environment. PACS 81.05.Kf; 81.65.Mq; 64.60.-i     

块体金属玻璃Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5的超导与负电阻温度系数

测量了块体金属玻璃Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5在退火前后其电阻值随温度的变化,测量的温度范围为1.5-300K.样品在退火前后都发现有超导现象.零磁场下其超导转变温度Tc分别为1.84和3.76K.在5-300K温度范围内,原始样品具有负的电阻温度系数.如果取Zr,Ti,Cu,Ni及Be分别贡献出1.5,1.5,0.5,0.5及两个传导电子,则可以用扩展的Faber-Ziman理论去解释原始样品的负电阻温度系数.还对块体金属玻璃Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5在温度范围5-300K之间的R(T)曲线用一个多项式进行了拟合.     

A study on the formation of crystalline phases during solidification and crystallisation in the bulk metallic glass of Zr53Cu21Al10Ni8Ti8 composition

The present paper considers the formation of crystalline phases during solidification and crystallisation of the Zr₅₃Cu₂₁Al₁₀Ni₈Ti₈ alloy. Solidification was carried out by a copper mould casting technique, which yielded a partially crystalline microstructure comprising a ‘big cube phase’ in a dendritic morphology and a bct Zr₂Ni phase. Detailed high-resolution microscopy was carried out to determine possible mechanisms for the formation of the crystalline phases. Based on microstructural examinations, it was established that the dendrites grew by the attachment of atomistic ledges. The bct Zr₂Ni phase, formed during solidification and crystallisation, showed various types of faults depending on the crystallite size, and its crystallography was examined in detail. It has been shown that the presence of these faults could be explained by anti-site occupancy in the bct lattice of the Zr₂Ni phase.     

压力下 Nd60Al10Fe20Co10块体金属玻璃的弹性行为

室温下在等静压最高达～0.5GPa的条件下,利用超声回波技术测量了超声波横波和纵波在Nd60Al10Fe20Co10块体金属玻璃中的传播时间来确定横波和纵波速度.测量时所采用的超声波频率为10MHz.利用所测量的数据,建立了超声波波速、样品的密度、弹性模量以及Debye温度等与所施加的压力之间的相互关系.并且推导出Murnaghan状态方程.另外,基于非晶态与晶态物理性能的相似性,对此块体非晶的压缩曲线、弹性常数和Debye温度等进行了理论计算,结果表明Nd60Al10Fe20Co10块体金属玻璃的弹性性能与其组成的元素有着密切的关系.     

高压下Co在Zr46.755Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5大块金属玻璃过冷液相区中的扩散

通过离子注入结合二次离子质谱分析方法,研究了高压下Co在Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni1oBe27.5大块金属玻璃过冷液相区中的扩散行为.在603 K时,Co在Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5大块金属玻璃中的扩散系数随压力的增大而增大,其扩散激活体积ΔV*=-1.236Ω,Ω是合金的平均原子体积.结果表明,在热平衡状态下Co在Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5大块金属玻璃中的扩散是通过间隙机理进行的.     

Influence of free volume and medium-range order on the deformation response of rapidly solidified and bulk Zr-based (Zr52Ti6Al10Cu18Ni14) metallic glass

Free volume and medium-range order (MRO) present in rapidly solidified ribbons (RSRs) and bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) of Zr₅₂Ti₆Al₁₀Cu₁₈Ni₁₄ have been probed by high resolution electron microscopy, fluctuation microscopy, positron annihilation and differential scanning calorimetry. In the as-solidified condition, RSRs showed higher free volume and lower MRO in comparison to BMGs. Within BMGs, the central regions showed higher MRO and lower free volume than the peripheral regions. Uniform deformation of BMGs and RSRs modified their structures, where in, free volume increased in the former and reduced in the latter. These changes in structures led to work hardening in RSRs and work softening in BMGs. Such behaviour could be explained by invoking a concept of critical free volume in the glass phase. For samples (in as-solidified condition) having free volume higher than the critical value, free volume decreased with deformation and showed work-hardening behaviour. In contrast, the work softening behaviour was noticed in samples having free volume lower than the critical free volume.     

Thermal expansion of amorphous Zr Al Cu Ni in the vicinity of the glass transition

The thermal expansion of non-crystalline Zr₆₅Al_7.5Cu_17.5 Ni₁₀ has been studied in the range of the glass transition and in the undercooled liquid using a dilatometric device. The measuring technique used permits reliable experimental results up to 40 K above the glass transition temperature. The linear thermal expansion coefficient obtained is almost constant in the glassy state with a value of . It discontinuously increases at the glass transition temperature yielding a value of in the undercooled liquid. The results are compared with specific heat measurements of the amorphous material in this temperature range and are interpreted in the framework of a cluster model. Received 5 March 1999 and received in final form 11 June 1999     

Phase transition in Pd40Ni10Cu30P20 bulk metallic glass under HP & HT

The phase transitions in Pd40Ni10Cu30P20 bulk metallic glass (BMG) have been studied under high pressure and high temperature (HP & HT) by X-ray diffraction measurements with synchrotron radiation source. We found that the BMG underwent a phase transitions of amorphous-crystalline-amorphous at 10 GPa upon heating. The parallel experiments were carried out at 7 GPa, while we did not observe the amorphous-crystalline-amorphous transitions by increasing temperature. Quenching the melted BMG at 7 GPa, it was found that the phase crystallized from the melt differed from the primary phase crystallized from the starting amorphous solid upon heating, suggesting there existed a distinct mechanism in two cases.     

Isothermal creep of bulk glassy Zr52.5Ti5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10 below T g

The results of an isothermal creep investigation of Zr_52.5Ti₅Cu_17.9Ni_14.6Al₁₀ bulk metallic glass at temperatures below the glass transition temperature are presented. The long-time (t > (2–4) × 10³?s) creep regularities were found to be the same as those known for ribbon metallic glasses, in spite of the pronounced difference in the production quenching rates. It is argued that creep behaviour of bulk metallic glass is determined by the rate of irreversible structural relaxation. The apparent activation energy spectrum reconstructed from isothermal creep measurements agrees well with that determined from linear heating creep data.     

Thermal effects induced during heating of the bulk metallic glass Zr46Cu46Al8

It has been shown that thermal effects measured calorimetrically during heating of the bulk metallic glass Zr₄₆Cu₄₆Al₈ can be interpreted as a result of the annihilation or generation of structural “defects,” which are similar in their properties to interstitial dumbbells in simple crystalline metals. The shear susceptibility, which characterizes the sensitivity of the shear modulus of the glass to the concentration of “defects” of the type of interstitial dumbbells, has been calculated.     

Dynamic mechanical relaxation and thermal creep of high-entropy La30Ce30Ni10Al20Co10 bulk metallic glass

Spatial frequency shift(SFS) microscopy with evanescent wave illumination shows intriguing advantages, including large field of view(FOV), high speed, and good modularity. However, a missing band in the spatial frequency domain hampers the SFS superresolution microscopy from achieving resolution better than 3 folds of the Abbe diffraction limit. Here, we propose a novel tunable large-SFS microscopy, making the resolution improvement of a linear system no longer restricted by the detection numerical aperture(NA). The complete wide-range detection in the spatial frequency domain is realized by tuning the illumination spatial frequency actively and broadly through an angle modulation between the azimuthal propagating directions of two evanescent waves. The vertical spatial frequency is tuned via a sectional saturation effect, and the reconstructed depth information can be added to the lateral superresolution mask for 3D imaging. A lateral resolution of λ/9, and a vertical localization precision of ~λ/200(detection objective NA = 0.9) are realized with a gallium phosphide(GaP) waveguide. Its unlimited resolution enhancing capability is demonstrated by introducing a designed metamaterial chip with an unusual large refractive index. Besides the great resolution enhancement, this method shows better anti-noise capability than classical structured illumination microscopy without SFS tunability. This method is chip-compatible and can potentially provide a massproducible illumination chip module achieving the fast, large-FOV, and deep-subwavelength 3D nanoscopy.     

Preparation of Thermo-Stable Bulk Metallic Glass of Nd10Cu20Ni10Al10 by Rapid Compression

Melt of Nd60Cu20NiloAl10 alloy is solidified by rapid compression from 0.1 to 5.5 GPa at 793K and from 0.1 to 3.2GPa at 873K within 20ms, separately. A fully bulk metallic glass is obtained by the rapid compression method. By comparing with as-cast bulk metallic glass （BMG）, it is found that Nd60Cu20Ni10Al10 BMG prepared by rapid compression exhibits a higher thermodynamic stability and a paramagnetic property. The relationship between the glass-formation temperature and the pressure in rapid compression for the BMG is demonstrated in the P - T phase diagram.     

Cluster calculations of the electronic density of states in a Cu−Zr metallic glass

Summary The electronic density of states in glassy Cu−Zr has been computed by averaging the density of states of a number of clusters of atoms. The atomic positions in the clusters were chosen in such a way to reproduce the pair distribution function of the system. For each cluster the density of states was computed within the multiple-scattering theory by using Lloyd's formula. The results obtained are in fair agreement with the experimental dta. The computed density of states shows a clear split-band regime with a distance between the two main peaks comparable with the experimental results.

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Riassunto La densità di stati elettronici nel vetro Cu−Zr è stata calcolata mediando le densità di stati di piú cluster di atomi. Le posizioni degli atomi nei cluster sono state scelte in modo da riprodurre la funzione di distribuzione di coppia del sistema. La densità di stati è stata calcolata per ciascun cluster con la formula di Lloyd nella teoria dello scattering multiplo. I risultati ottenuti sono in buon accordo con i dati sperimentali e mostrano un chiaro regime di split-band, con una distanza fra i due picchi principali confrontabile con i risultati sperimentali.

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Резюме Вычисляется плотность электронных состояний в стекле Cu−Zr с помощью усреднения плотности состояний ряда кластеров атомов. Положения атомов в кластерах выбираются таким образом, чтобы воспроизвести парную функцию распределения этой системы. Для каждого кластера плотность состояний вычисляется с помощью формулы Ллойда теории многократного рассеяния. Полученные результаты довольно хорошо согласуются с экспериментальными данными. Вычисленная плотность состояний обнаруживает явный режим расщепления зоны, причем расстояние между двумя главными пиками сравнимо с экспериментальными результатами.

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Work sponsored also by Comitato Regionale CRRN/SM, Italy.     

压力对Zr46.75Ti8.25 Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5大块非晶合金玻璃转变和晶化动力学的影响

利用X射线衍射和差示扫描量热分析研究了高温高压下Zr46.75Ti8.25Cu7.5Ni10Be27.5大块非晶合金的玻璃转变和晶化行为,结果发现压力降低了该大块非晶合金中的自由体积、热焓和晶化激活能.     

注入Mo 在Zr57Nb5Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10非晶合金中的扩散

通过二次离子质谱仪(SIMS)研究了Mo在Zr57Nb5Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10非晶合金中的扩散,并计算出其扩散激活能Q和前置系数D0分别为1.95 eV和1.13×10-5 m2s-1.根据Stokes-Einstern关系式研究了玻璃转变温度以下593-673 K之间Zr57Nb5Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10非晶合金的黏滞特性,得到的黏滞系数从593 K的1.07×1010Poise降到673 K的1.42×108 Poise.     

Shear Modulus Relaxation and Thermal Effects in a Zr65Cu15Ni10Al10 Metallic Glass after Inhomogeneous Plastic Deformation

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - The shear modulus and enthalpy relaxation in a deformed Zr65Cu15Ni10Al10 metallic glass has been investigated. It has been established that...     

用原位x射线小角散射研究块体非晶合金Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5的结构弛豫

应用同步辐射x射线小角散射法在原位对块体非晶合金Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5在等温退火过程中的微结构变化进行研究.实验表明:在等温退火过程中电子密度涨落反映了晶化之前的结构弛豫过程;在一定的退火温度下、随退火时间的增加,拓扑短程序弛豫与化学短程序弛豫之间存在一个电子密度均匀化的过程;导致这两种弛豫过程转变的退火时间与退火温度有关,温度越高,所需的退火时间越短.