两重子体系夸克效应的分析

通过对两重子集团间夸克交换项的分析指出,两重子系统的夸克效应是两集团靠得很近时,并在相对运动的低次波(S波)中才能充分表现出来.对给定的两重子态其夸克效应的性质由自旋、味道和色空间置换算符在该态的矩阵元决定.有些自旋–味道状态,Pauli堵塞效应很严重,必然存在着很强的排斥心;另一些自旋–味道状态,夸克交换效应有助于把两个重子“融合”到一起,从而形成双重子态.因此,两重子系统的结合能和散射相移的数据是检验它们之间夸克效应的重要场所.     

两重子间夸克交换效应与两重子体系结合能的分析

通过对两重子集团间夸克交换项的分析指出，两重子系统的夸克效应是两集团靠得很近时，并在相对运动的低次波中才能充分表现出来. 对一给定的双重子态其夸克效应的性质由自旋、味道和色空间置换算符在该态的矩阵元决定. 双重子态的结合能和两重子散射相移的数据是检验两集团间夸克效应的重要场所.     

夸克势模型中的重子–重子相互作用自旋–轨道耦合势

在夸克－夸克自旋－轨道耦合势中引入了由海夸克效应产生的、与颜色自由度无关的自旋－轨道耦合势．并定性地讨论了这个势对重子谱及重子－重子相互作用计算中的影响．     

夸克势模型中的重子－重子相互作用自旋－轨道耦合势

在夸克－夸克自旋－轨道耦合势中引入了由海夸克效应产生的、与颜色自由度无关的自旋－轨道耦合势．并定性地讨论了这个势对重子谱及重子－重子相互作用计算中的影响．     

N—N相互作用中自旋轨道耦合力的夸克模型

在夸克-夸克相互作用中考虑了单胶子交换的自旋轨道耦合力、由禁闭势导出的自旋轨道耦合力、由手征场σ交换提供的自旋轨道耦合力以及由双胶子交换提供的自旋轨道耦合力,从而可以统一地解释重子谱中的自旋轨道耦合效应及N-N散射中的各个分波的相移.     

Jaffe与Wilczek双夸克模型中的负宇称五夸克态

如果Jaffe与Wilczek关于Q5+五夸克态的双夸克图像是正确的话,那就应该存在负宇称的五夸克SU(3)八重态与单态,其中两个双夸克间没有轨道激发.这些态比Q5+质量低,与传统夸克模型中的由三夸克构成的重子的轨道激发质量接近.我们计算了这些负宇称态的质量与磁矩,用手征有效拉氏量讨论了他们可能的强衰变模式和选择定择，发现有两个态可能比较窄.我们建议实验上寻找这九个额外的负宇称态.如果将来的实验确实发现了这些态,那是对Jaffe与Wilczek双夸克模型的直接验证.否则,应该重新评估Jaffe与Wilczek的双夸克图像甚至抛弃这个模型.     

N—N相互作用中自旋轨道耦合力的夸克模型

在夸克－夸克相互作用中考虑了单胶子交换的自旋轨道耦合力、由禁闭势导出的自旋轨道耦合力、由手征场σ交换提供的自旋轨道耦合力以及由双胶子交换提供的自旋轨道耦合力，从而可以统一地解释重子谱中的自旋轨道耦合效应及Ｎ－Ｎ散射中的各个分波的相移．     

重子产生中"自旋抑制"的原因及普适性

高能反应中,自旋3+/2重子的产生与1+/2重子相比,受到反常的极强抑制.本文证明这是夸克味道守恒的结果:多重产生中奇异夸克抑制.λ=/<1,决定了十重态重子只能以确定比例β与八重态重子一起产生,而且β=1+λ/3+2λ     

原子核内的夸克效应

这篇评述文章说明了下面四个问题:(i)任何色单态夸克反夸克系统的隐色道一定可以用通常的强子道表示出来,因此任何与隐色道有关的物理总可以用通常的强子自由度来解释;(ii)夸克胶子交换和矢量介子交换产生的重子重子自旋轨道耦合力非常相似,因此不能指望用超核的自旋轨道劈裂来区别夸克胶子交换模型和矢量介子交换模型;(iii)对于破坏电荷独立及电荷对称的重子互作用,电磁作用和夸克质量差同样重要,任何电荷相关互作用的计算必须同时考虑电磁作用和夸克质量差;(iV)和QED中的电子脱局域效应相似,我们猜测对QCD可能有夸克脱囚禁效应并且研究了此效应在双重子系统中的表现。     

重子谱中的自旋–轨道耦合力

在组份夸克势模型的框架下,用几种夸克势模型对重子谱中N和Λ的几组L?=1负宇称激发态自旋轨道劈裂进行了分析,指出有的模型在引进了一项半唯象的自旋轨道耦合势后能解释这几组态的自旋轨道耦合能级劈裂的实验值     

Test of the heavy quark–light diquark approximation for baryons with a heavy quark

We check a commonly used approximation in which a baryon with a heavy quark is described as a heavy quark–light diquark system. The heavy quark influences the diquark internal motion reducing the average distance between the two light quarks. Besides, we show how the average distance between the heavy quark and any of the light quarks, and that between the heavy quark and the center of mass of the light diquark, are smaller than the distance between the two light quarks, which seems to contradict the heavy quark–light diquark picture. This latter result is in agreement with expectations from QCD sum rules and lattice QCD calculations. Our results also show that the diquark approximations produces larger masses than the ones obtained in a full calculation.     

Heavy Quark Limit of Weak Transition Form Factors in a Light-Cone Constituent Quark Model

In the light-cone constituent quark model, the wavefunction for Λ_b⁰ or Λ_c⁺ with three quarks is reduced to a wavefunction for the heavy-quark-diquark picture by assuming that the two light quarks forming a diquark are in comoving. A heavy quark (or diquark) distribution amplitude is obtained. While form factors of weak transition Λ_b → Λ,ev are calculated in the finite mass case, a hadronic-size-dependen t form of Isgur- Wise function is obtained in the m_Q → ∞ limit.     

Diquark mass differences from unquenched lattice QCD

We calculate diquark correlation functions in the Landau gauge on the lattice using overlap valence quarks and 2+1-flavor domain wall fermion configurations. Quark masses are extracted from the scalar part of quark propagators in the Landau gauge. The scalar diquark quark mass difference and axial vector scalar diquark mass difference are obtained for diquarks composed of two light quarks and of a strange and a light quark. The light sea quark mass dependence of the results is examined. Two lattice spacings are used to check the discretization effects.The coarse and fine lattices are of sizes 24~3×64 and 32~3×64 with inverse spacings 1/a = 1.75(4) Ge V and 2.33(5) Ge V,respectively.     

Mass spectra and wave functions of the doubly heavy baryons with J~P=1~+ heavy diquark cores

Mass spectra and wave functions of the doubly heavy baryons are computed assuming that the two heavy quarks inside a baryon form a compact heavy 'diquark core' in a color anti-triplet,and bind with the remaining light quark into a colorless baryon.The two reduced two-body problems are described by the relativistic Bethe-Salpeter equations(BSEs) with the relevant QCD inspired kernels.We focus on the doubly heavy baryons with 1~+ heavy diquark cores.After solving BSEs in the instantaneous approximation,we present the mass spectra and the relativistic wave functions of the diquark cores,and of the low-lying baryon states J~P=(1/2)~+ and(3/2)~+ with flavors(ccq)(bcq)and(bbq).A comparison with other approaches is also made.     

Heavy baryons in the relativistic quark model

In the framework of the relativistic quasipotential quark model the mass spectrum of baryons with two heavy quarks is calculated. The quasipotentials for interactions of two quarks and of a quark with a scalar and axial vector diquark are evaluated. The bound state masses of baryons with are computed.     

Masses of excited heavy baryons in the relativistic quark–diquark picture

The mass spectra of the excited heavy baryons consisting of two light (u,d,s$u,d,s$) and one heavy (c,b$c,b$) quarks are calculated in the heavy-quark–light-diquark approximation within the constituent quark model. The light quarks, forming the diquark, and the light diquark in the baryon are treated completely relativistically. The expansion in v/c$v/c$ up to the second order is used only for the heavy (b and c) quarks. The internal structure of the diquark is taken into account by inserting the diquark–gluon interaction form factor. An overall good agreement of the obtained predictions with available experimental data is found.     

Discussions on the stability of diquarks

Since the birth of the quark model, the diquark, which is composed of two quarks, has been considered as a substantial structure of a color anti-triplet. This is not only a mathematical simplification for dealing with baryons, but also provides a physical picture where the diquark would behave as a whole object. It is natural to ask whether such a structure is sufficiently stable against external disturbance. The mass spectra of the ground states of the scalar and axial-vector diquarks, which are composed of two-light (L-L), one-light-one-heavy (H-L) and two-heavy (H-H) quarks, respectively, have been calculated in terms of the QCD sum rules. We suggest a criterion as the quantitative standard for the stability of the diquark. It is the gap between the masses of the diquark and √s₀ where s₀ is the threshold of the excited states and continuity, namely the larger the gap is, the more stable the diquark would be. In this work, we calculate the masses of the H-H type to complete the series of the spectra of the ground state diquarks. However, as the criterion being taken, we find that all the gaps for the various diquarks are within a small range. In particular, the gap for the diquark with two heavy quarks, which is believed to be a stable structure, is slightly smaller than that of the other two types of diquarks. Therefore we conclude that because of the large theoretical uncertainty, we cannot use the numerical results obtained with the QCD sum rules to assess the stability of diquarks, but need to invoke other theoretical framework.     

Baryon properties in the relativistic quark model

Properties of heavy and strange baryons are investigated in the framework of the relativistic quark-diquark picture. It is based on the relativistic quark model of hadrons, which was previously successfully applied for the calculation of meson properties. It is assumed that two quarks in a baryon form a diquark and baryon is considered as the bound quark-diquark system. The relativistic effects and diquark internal structure are consistently taken into account. Calculations are performed up to rather high orbital and radial excitations of heavy and strange baryons. On this basis the Regge trajectories are constructed. The rates of semileptonic decays of heavy baryons are calculated. The obtained results agree well with available experimental data.     

Lambdac enhancement from strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma

We propose the enhancement of Lambdac as a novel quark-gluon plasma signal in heavy ion collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Assuming a stable bound diquark state in the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma near the critical temperature, we argue that the direct two-body collision between a c quark and a [ud] diquark would lead to an enhanced Lambdac production in comparison with the normal three-body collision among independent c, u, and d quarks. In the coalescence model, we find that the Lambdac/D yield ratio is enhanced substantially due to the diquark correlation.     

Bound diquarks and their Bose–Einstein condensation in strongly coupled quark matter

We explore the formation of diquark bound states and their Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in the phase diagram of three-flavor quark matter at nonzero temperature, T, and quark chemical potential, μ  . Using a quark model with a four-fermion interaction, we identify diquark excitations as poles of the microscopically computed diquark propagator. The quark masses are obtained by solving a dynamical equation for the chiral condensate and are found to determine the stability of the diquark excitations. The stability of diquark excitations is investigated in the T–μ$T\text{–}\mu$ plane for different values of the diquark coupling strength. We find that diquark bound states appear at small quark chemical potentials and at intermediate coupling strengths. Bose–Einstein condensation of non-strange diquark states occurs when the attractive interaction between quarks is sufficiently strong.