两相催化——均相催化多相化新进展*

评述了水溶性膦配体和两相催化研究领域的进展, 探讨了固载水相催化、温控相转移催化和氟两相体系等新型两相催化体系。两相催化在烯烃的氢甲酰化反应、不饱和化合物的加氢反应以及其它有机反应中获得了广泛的应用。     

两相体系中不对称催化加氢研究进展

综述了近年来水／有机两相催化体系中的催化不对称加氢研究进展,以及两相体系不对称加氢反应中对映选择性下降与水作为溶剂的关系、水的作用和提高对映选择性的方法。引用文献39篇。     

两相催化体系中长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应研究进展

水溶性有机金属络合物为催化剂的两相催化体系,由于反应条件缓和,产物和催化剂分离简便等特点,已成为发展环境友好的绿色化学的重要方向。本文介绍了近年来两相催化体系中长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应和催化剂研究进展。     

水溶性膦配体的合成方法

１９８４年,Ｒｕｈｒｃｈｅｍｉｅ公司和Ｒｈｏｎｅ－Ｐｏｕｌｅｎｃ公司合作,第一次成功地将水溶性铑－膦配合物ＨＲｈ（ＣＯ）（ＴＰＰＴＳ）３（ＴＰＰＴＳ：Ｐ（ｍ－Ｃ６Ｈ４ＳＯ３Ｎａ）３用于催化丙烯氢甲酰化的工业化生产（简称为ＲＣＨ／ＲＰ过程［１,２］）以...     

温控相转移催化--水/有机两相催化新进展

综述了“温控相转移催化”的原理,温控膦配体的设计、合成及其在水溶性极小的底物高碳烯烃的水/有机两相氢甲酰化反应中的应用效果.     

温控相转移配体及催化 Ⅸ.Ru/PETPP催化的苯乙烯水/有机两相加氢反应

Nonionic water soluble complex Ru 3(CO) 9(PETPP) 3 with the function of thermoregulated phase transfer catalysis was prepared. The catalytic activity and the recycle effect of Ru 3(CO) 9(PETPP) 3 for hydrogenation of styrene in aqueous/organic biphase catalysis system were studied. In addition, effects of reaction temperature, hydrogen pressure and reaction time were also investigated. The results showed that the reaction takes place mainly in organic phase at higher temperature (80 ℃). Under the conditions of θ =80 ℃, p (H 2)=2 MPa and t =3 h, both the PhCH∶CH 2 conversion and PhC 2H 5 selectivity are 100%. The PhCH∶CH 2 conversion is still 98 2% after reuse of the catalyst for 20 times. The catalytic performance of Ru 3(CO) 9(TPPTS) 3, Ru 3(CO) 9(PETPP) 3, Ru 3(CO) 9(TPPMS) 3 and Ru 3(CO) 9(TPP) 3 for biphase hydrogenation of styrene was compared. The experimental results for Ru 3(CO) 9(PETPP) 3 verified that there is a thermoregulated phase transfer catalysis process in the reaction system.     

水溶性有机金属化学和催化研究

本文介绍了新兴的水溶性有机金属化学及其在两相催化体系中的应用。     

水溶性膦配体的合成及进展

水溶性膦配体的合成及进展郑晓来,王艳华,左焕培（大连理工大学,大连１１６０１２）关键词水溶性膦配体,均相络合催化,水／有机两相反应１．前言贵金属催化剂的分离回收问题一直是均相络合催化研究领域的一个热点。近年来,水／有机两相催化体系（Ａｑｕｅｏｕｓ／ｏ...     

镍催化均相不对称氢化反应研究进展

过渡金属络合物催化的均相不对称氢化反应是合成手性化合物的重要方法之一,目前主要集中于钌、铑、铱和钯等贵重过渡金属催化体系,这些贵重过渡金属催化体系面临着地球储量有限、价格昂贵和重金属污染环境等问题,因而发展地球储量丰富、价格低廉、无毒或低毒且对环境友好的铁、钴、镍和铜的均相不对称氢化反应催化体系符合现代化学可持续发展的要求和趋势.简要综述了近些年来廉价金属镍催化的均相不对称氢化反应研究领域的新进展,基于前手性不饱和化合物双键的不同类型,即碳-氧双键(C=O)、碳-碳双键(C=C)以及碳-氮双键(C=N)等,依次介绍它们的研究现状,目前已经取得了突破和可观的研究成果,系统地分析了镍催化体系中催化氢化不同类型底物的优势与不足,并展望了未来的研究方向.     

非离子水溶性膦配体的合成及其应用进展

按非离子水溶性膦配体的发展特点,就羟基取代膦配体、天然碳水化合物为母体的膦配体、聚醚基取代的膦配体、具手性中心的膦配体、高分子负载型膦配体、温控相转移膦配体、环糊精改性的膦配体等类型的非离子水溶性膦配体的合成及其在两相催化中的应用作一综述。     

New rhodium(I) water‐soluble complexes with 1‐alkyl‐1‐azonia‐3,5‐diaza‐7‐phospha‐adamantane iodides and their catalytic activity

The water‐soluble phosphine ligands, 1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1^3,7]decane (tpa) and 1‐alkyl‐1‐azonia‐3,5‐diaza‐7‐phosphatricyclo[3.3.1.1^3,7]decane iodides (Rtpa⁺I⁻), with alkyl=methyl(mtpa⁺I⁻), ethyl (etpa⁺I⁻) and n‐propyl, (ptpa⁺I⁻), and mtpa⁺Cl⁻ react with [Rh₂Cl₂(CO)₄] giving the rhodium(I) complexes [RhCl(CO)(tpa)₂], [RhI(CO)(Rtpa⁺I⁻)₂], [RhCl‐­(CO)(mtpa⁺Cl⁻)₃] and [RhI(CO)(Rtpa⁺I⁻)₃]. The properties and reactivities of the complexes have been investigated using ¹H and ³¹PNMR and IR spectroscopies. The five‐coordinate complexes in solutions show dynamic properties. The complexes are catalysts of the water‐gas shift reaction, the hydrogenation of CC and CO bonds, the hydroformylation of alkenes and the isomerization of unsaturated compounds. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Supramolecularly Regulated Ligands for Asymmetric Hydroformylations and Hydrogenations

Herein we report the use of polyether binders as regulation agents (RAs) to enhance the enantioselectivity of rhodium‐catalyzed transformations. For reactions of diverse substrates mediated by rhodium complexes of the α,ω‐bisphosphite‐polyether ligands 1 – 5 , a – d , the enantiomeric excess (ee) of hydroformylations was increased by up to 82 % (substrate: vinyl benzoate, 96 % ee), and the ee value of hydrogenations was increased by up to 5 % (substrate: N‐(1‐(naphthalene‐1‐yl)vinyl)acetamide, 78 % ee). The ligand design enabled the regulation of enantioselectivity by generation of an array of catalysts that simultaneously preserve the advantages of a privileged structure in asymmetric catalysis and offer geometrically close catalytic sites. The highest enantioselectivities in the hydroformylation of vinyl acetate with ligand 4 b were achieved by using the Rb[B(3,5‐(CF₃)₂C₆H₃)₄] (RbBArF) as the RA. The enantioselective hydrogenation of the substrates 10 required the rhodium catalysts derived from bisphosphites 3 a or 4 a , either alone or in combination with different RAs (sodium, cesium, or (R,R)‐bis(1‐phenylethyl)ammonium salts). This design approach was supported by results from computational studies.