M-RNA碱基复合物(M=Ca~+和Mg~+)特征振动的密度泛函理论分析

采用密度函数理论的B3LYP交换关联能泛函在6-311+G(2df,2p)基组水平上,优化计算了Ca+,Mg+与RNA碱基嘧啶各同分异构体形成稳定复合物的结构,发现其中C1M,T1M和U1M(M=Ca+和Mg+)为最稳定复合物,并对这些复合物红外振动进行了计算.计算结果显示碱基嘧啶单体主要存在的两个红外特征振动,是由环振动和环外氧原子及与其成键的环上碳原子之间产生伸缩振动引起的.当形成复合物时,由于离子的参与,使单体碱基分子的振动情况发生了改变,主要表现在离子倾向于与环外负电子原子N和O原子成键,使与离子直接作用环外原子参与的特征振动频率减小,谱线红移;不与离子直接作用环外原子引起的特征振动频率增大,谱线蓝移.     

三链核酸poly(U)·poly(A)·poly(U)主链的振动位移

基于三链核酸 poly(U)· poly(A)·poly(U)的螺旋对称性 ,利用晶格动力学方法 ,计算了三链核酸分子 poly(U)·poly(A)·poly(U)主链振动的本征矢 ,探讨了振动位移矢量和线二色光谱的关系。结果表明 ,对应着磷酸双氧的反对称振动谱线可以用于直接确定磷酸根的取向 ,精度大约为 1°。其他谱线必须通过对分子的简正分析来帮助确定分子的结构。     

硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物氢键相互作用的密度泛函研究

为研究硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物的氢键作用,采用密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-311++G(d, p)基组水平上对硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物的结构进行优化,采用MP2/6-311++G(d, p)方法,经基组叠加误差和零点能校正计算得到复合物的相互作用能.利用自然键轨道分析方法研究复合物氢键作用的本质,并对复合物中水分子的振动光谱进行分析.计算结果表明,硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物存在着6个硝酸羟胺-H_2O稳定构型和8个硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_2稳定构型,且最稳定构型的相互作用能分别为52.821 kJ·mol~(-1)和73.349 kJ·mol~(-1).在硝酸羟胺-(H_2O)_n复合物中,水中H-O伸缩振动频率明显红移,且红移增大的程度与复合物稳定化能的变化趋势基本一致.     

Ar-D2O复合物在D2O弯曲振动模附近的新振转子带

稀有气体原子和水分子组成的范德瓦耳斯复合物是研究水和其他原子分子之间相互作用的典型模型.本文利用中红外连续外腔量子级联激光器结合脉冲超声分子束吸收光谱技术,在D₂O弯曲振动带(v₂=1←0)附近测量了Ar-D₂O复合物4个新的振动转动子带.基于赝双原子分子有效哈密顿量,本文对测量到的振动转动谱线和前人报道的下能级所涉及的纯转动谱线进行了最小二乘法全局拟合,得到了包括振动子能级能量、转动常数和离心畸变常数等在内的精确的基态和激发态分子参数.Ar-D₂O的D₂O弯曲振动激发的振动带头被精确确定为1177.92144 (32) cm^-1,该值比D₂O单体的带头红移了约0.458 cm^-1.将从实验得到的振动子能级能量与基于四维势能面的理论计算结果进行了比较,检验了理论计算方法的精度.     

Hg~+离子5d~(10)6s ~2S_(1/2)→5d~96s~2 ~2D_(5/2)钟跃迁同位素位移和超精细结构的理论研究

本文首先在Dirac-Hartree-Fock近似下理论评估了Hg~+离子5d~(10)6s ~2S_(1/2)→5d~96s~2 ~2D_(5/2)钟跃迁的质量位移(mass shift, MS)和场位移(field shift, FS)在其同位素位移(isotope shift, IS)中的相对贡献,发现MS远小于FS而可以被忽略.在此基础上,通过系统地考虑该原子体系中主要的电子关联效应,计算了这条钟跃迁FS的精确值以及涉及到的上下两个能级的超精细结构常数,并得到了几种稳定汞同位素离子该跃迁的IS和超精细结构分裂.其中,计算的~(199)Hg~+和~(198)Hg~+离子之间的钟跃迁频率偏移与已有实验测量值相比误差为2%左右.最终,本文给出了汞离子7种常见同位素该谱线的绝对频率值,为实验上的谱线测量提供了有效的理论依据.     

MoSi_2(001)表面的氧吸附行为

运用第一原理密度泛函理论方法,首先计算了MoSi_2各清洁表面的表面能,(001)Si-|-Si断面具有较低的表面能,是MoSi_2最可能的解理面;通过生成能及键布居分析研究了单氧原子、双氧原子及氧分子在(001)Si-|-Si断面的吸附行为,发现单氧原子在空位处吸附最稳定,此时O极易与Si结合,得到的Si-O-Si键长及键角与SiO_2的非常接近,表明低浓度下O极易与表面的Si结合生成SiO_2;双氧原子发生空位+顶位吸附时O原子除与Si有强作用外,可与Mo有一定相互作用;氧分子以平行的方式接近空位最有利于吸附,此时氧分子最易分解为氧原子,发生氧原子在空位的吸附.     

激光光解NO_2产物—NO分子NO(X~2П)与氧原子O(~3PJ″)的REMPI离子谱研究

利用激光光解NO2 分子 ,通过共振增强多光子电离 (REMPIresonanceenhancedmultiphotoionization)及飞行时间 (TOFtimeofflight)质谱技术 ,获得了振转态分辨的NO(X2 Π ,υ″,J″)与自旋 轨道分辨的氧原子O(2P3PJ″ =2 ,1,0 )离子谱 NO分子与O原子的离子信号强度与UV电离激光能量之间的关系分别能用二次方和三次方曲线很好拟合 ,它表明 :光解产物NO分子和氧原子是分别通过 (1+1)和 (2 +1)多光子吸收过程而被电离的 由氧离子信号得到的氧原子基态三个自旋 轨道支能级布居比f1与f0 分别为 0 .5 4± 0 .0 9和 0 .2 0± 0 .0 4 ,这一比值与统计分布计算的值为 0 .6和 0 .2一致     

激光光解NO2产物--NO分子(XIT)与氧原子O(PJ")的REMPI的离子谱研究

利用激光光解NO2分子,通过共振增强多光子电离(REMPI resonance enhanced multiphoto ionization)及飞行时间(TOF time of flight)质谱技术,获得了振转态分辨的NO(X2Π,υ″,J″)与自旋-轨道分辨的氧原子O(2P3PJ″＝2,1,0)离子谱.NO分子与O原子的离子信号强度与UV电离激光能量之间的关系分别能用二次方和三次方曲线很好拟合,它表明:光解产物NO分子和氧原子是分别通过(1+1)和(2+1)多光子吸收过程而被电离的.由氧离子信号得到的氧原子基态三个自旋-轨道支能级布居比f1与f0分别为0.54±0.09和 0.20±0.04,这一比值与统计分布计算的值为0.6和0.2一致.     

同轴介质阻挡放电中活性粒子的光谱检测

同轴介质阻挡放电具有广泛的应用前景。采用光学方法,利用水电极介质阻挡放电装置,对空气同轴介质阻挡放电特性及活性粒子光谱强度进行了研究。光谱测量结果发现放电发射谱中存在777.5和844.6nm的氧原子谱线,表明等离子体中产生了高化学活性的氧原子。测量了放电中氧原子谱线强度随物理参数(外加电压、流量和含量)的变化关系。结果发现氧原子谱线强度随着外加电压的增加而增强;随着流量或氩气含量(空气中混入少量氩气)的增加,谱线强度先增大后减小,当流量为30L.min-1或者氩气含量为16.7%时氧原子谱线强度达到最大值。     

HX与H_2O分子间氢键理论研究

在B3LYP/6-311++G~(**)水平上对H_2O与HX(F,C1,Br,I)分子间形成的(H_2O)_2HX和H_2O(HX)_2六元环氢键复合物的构型进行了全优化,频率计算表明,所有构型中O(2)—H(1),O(6)—H(5)及X(6)—H(5)的伸缩振动频率均发生红移,而对于X(4)—H(3)的伸缩振动频率在(H_2O)_2HF、(H_2O)_2HCl、H_2O(HF)_2体系中发生红移,在(H_2O)_2HBr、(H_2O)_2HI、H_2O(HCl)_2、H_2O(HBr)_2、H_2O(HI)_2体系中发生蓝移.在MP2/6-311++G~(**)水平上计算了体系的相互作用能,得到F、Cl、Br所形成的复合物其总相互作用能均为负值,而I形成的复合物其总相互作用能为正值.采用SCRF(PCM)方法研究了体系的溶剂化效应,结果表明溶剂化效应使复合物更稳定.自然键轨道(NBO))分析表明,复合物分子中的直接超共轭作用,导致了复合物中O(2)—H(1)、O(6)—H(5)及X(6)—H(5)键有所拉长,同时增加了复合物的稳定性.综合分析得到八种复合物的稳定性顺序为:H_2O(HF)_2(H_2O)_2HF(H_2O)_2HCl(H_2O)_2HBrH_2O(HCl)_2H_2O(HBr)_2(H_2O)_2HIH_2O(HI)_2.     

Magnetic ordering in HoRu2Si2, HoRh2Si2, TbRh2Si2 and TbIr2Si2 by neutron diffraction

Neutron diffraction study of polycrystalline HoRu₂Si₂, HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂, and TbIr₂Si₂ was performed in the temperature range between 4.2 and 300 K. For HoRu₂Si₂ the magnetic spin alignment of a linear transverse wave mode below the Néel temperature 19 K is observed. This static moment wave is propagating along the b-axis with k=(0, 0.2, 0) and is polarized in the c-axis. The root-mean-square and maximum saturation moments per Ho atom are 9.26 and 13.09μ_B, respectively. HoRh₂Si₂, TbRh₂Si₂ an TbIr₂Si₂ are simple collinear antiferromagnets of +-+- type with Néel temperatures of (27±1), (98±2) and (72±3) K, respectively. For TbRh₂Si₂ and TbIr₂Si₂ magnetic moments are localized on RE ions only and are aligned along the tetragonal axis, while for HoRh₂Si₂ they form an angle ø = (28±3)°.     

13C-selective IRMPD of CBr2F2/Cl2 and CCl2F2/Br2 systems

The CO₂ TEA laser irradiation of CBr₂F₂ in the presence of Cl₂ yielded ¹³C-enriched CBrClF₂ and ¹³C-enriched CCl₂F₂ under selected experimental conditions. As the photolysis proceeded, the ¹³C concentration of CBrClF₂ decreased gradually and that of CCl₂F₂ increased up to 90% or higher. These results can be explained by the mechanism involving the secondary ¹³C-selective IRMPD of the primary product CBrClF₂. On the other hand, the carbon-containing product for a CCl₂F₂/Br₂ system was only CBrClF₂; the further IRMPD of which probably regenerated CBrClF₂ in the presence of Br₂. The decomposition probabilities of ¹²C- and ¹³C-containing molecules in both systems were measured as functions of laser line, laser fluence, and reactant pressures.     

μ+SR study of LaNi2As2, URh2Si2 and CeRh2Si2

Muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the paramagnetic and magnetically ordered states of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂. As the magnetic structure of these compounds is well known, these measurements can help to characterise their magnetic properties probed by μSR and to understand the μSR results of the heavy fermion compounds of the same crystallographic family. Our measurements show that the muons occupy two different crystallographic sites. The spectra of URh₂Si₂ and CeRh₂Si₂ in the magnetically ordered states are very different, probably reflecting their different magnetic structures. The spectra obtained on CeRh₂Si₂ are similar to the published spectra of the heavy fermion compound CeCu_2.1 Si₂. Muon spin rotation measurements on LaNi₂As₂ indicate that the muon is diffusing at 150 K.     

Eu2+掺杂CaSi2O2N2荧光粉发光性能

采用固相反应法合成了组成为Ca_1-xEu_xSi₂O₂N₂的Eu²⁺掺杂CaSi₂O₂N₂荧光粉.通过荧光光谱对样品的发光性能进行了研究,发现Eu²⁺掺杂CaSi₂O₂N₂荧光粉发射光谱为宽波段的单峰结构,主要包含绿光和黄光区,发射峰在556~568 nm.从发射光谱的宽带特征来看,CaSi₂O₂N₂:Eu²⁺的发射主要对应着Eu²⁺离子4f⁶5d→4f⁷跃迁.从激发光谱所覆盖的范围还可以看到,样品可以有效的被UV蓝-光激发,这意味着该类荧光粉在白光LED方面有可能得到广泛的应用.另外,样品的发光性能与激发离子的浓度有着很大关系.激发离子浓度增大时,发射光谱会发生明显红移.利用这一性质,可以通过改变Eu²⁺浓度来调节荧光粉的发光范围,从而满足不同场合的需要.同时,Eu²⁺浓度提高,样品发射光谱的强度也会随之增强,在x=0.06时发射强度达到最大值,之后继续增加Eu²⁺浓度,强度不仅没有增加反而降低,即出现浓度猝灭现象.     

Polar optic phonons in Hg2Cl2 and Hg2Br2

Far infrared (30–430 cm^?1) reflectivity measurements of Hg₂Cl₂ and Hg₂Br₂ single crystals have been performed in polarized light. The spectra, which are in agreement with group-theoretical predictions, were analyzed by the oscillator fitting procedure and Kramers-Kronig method. The results are compared with the existing data from other measurements and the large anisotropy of polar modes is briefly discussed. The polarization vectors of all long-wavelength symmetry modes were determined group-theoretically.     

Magnetostriction of SmMn2Ge2 and GdMn2Ge2 intermetallic compounds

Longitudinal and transverse magnetostrictions of polycrystalline samples of intermetallic compounds RMn₂Ge₂ (R=Sm or Gd) are measured in pulsed magnetic fields up to 250 kOe. It is found that linear magnetostrictive strains of about 10^?3 arise in a temperature range in which the magnetic field causes a change in the magnetic state of a manganese magnetic subsystem. The results obtained are described within the model of a two-sublattice ferrimagnet with a negative exchange interaction in the manganese subsystem in terms of a strong dependence of this interaction on interatomic distances.     

Superconductivity in LaPd_2Bi_2 with CaBe_2Ge_2-type structure

正Since the discovery of superconductivity in LaFeAsO_(1-x)F_x,the high-T_c iron-based superconductors have been extensively studied from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints [1-8]. However, the mechanism of the unconventional superconductivity is still to be resolved. To     

X-ray photoemission spectra measurements of CeNi2Sb2 and CeCu2Sb2

X-ray photoemission spectra, resistivity and susceptibility of CeNi₂Sb₂ and CeCu₂Sb₂ were measured and are discussed. The results indicate that these alloys are Kondo systems. For comparison of the valence band properties, the spectra of the isostructural alloys of RT₂X₂-type with R = La, Gd, T = Cu, Ni and X = Sn, Sb were investigated, too.