Refractive indices of biaxial crystals evaluated from the refractive indices ellipsoid equation

The expressions of the refractive indices corresponding wave vector k(θ,) are given by using coordinate transformations for the refractive indices ellipsoid equation of biaxial crystals. The refractive index expression of the wave, whose velocity is slower, is given by

and that of the wave, whose velocity is faster, is given by

     

Scale invariance in plastic flow of crystalline solids

From the traditional viewpoint of continuum plasticity, plastic deformation of crystalline solids is, at least in the absence of so-called plastic instabilities, envisaged as a smooth and quasi-laminar flow process. Recent theoretical and experimental investigations, however, demonstrate that crystal plasticity is characterized by large intrinsic spatio-temporal fluctuations with scale-invariant characteristics: In time, deformation proceeds through intermittent bursts with power-law size distributions; in space, deformation patterns and deformation-induced surface morphology are characterized by long-range correlations, self-similarity and/or self-affine roughness. We discuss this scale-invariant behaviour in terms of robust scaling associated with a non-equilibrium critical point (‘yielding transition’).

Scale invariance in plastic flow of crystalline solids

All authors

Michael Zaiser

https://doi.org/10.1080/00018730600583514

Published online:

01 February 2007

Table     

Wet granular materials

Most studies on granular physics have focused on dry granular media, with no liquids between the grains. However, in geology and many real world applications (e.g. food processing, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, civil engineering, construction, and many industrial applications), liquid is present between the grains. This produces inter-grain cohesion and drastically modifies the mechanical properties of the granular media (e.g. the surface angle can be larger than 90 degrees). Here we present a review of the mechanical properties of wet granular media, with particular emphasis on the effect of cohesion. We also list several open problems that might motivate future studies in this exciting but mostly unexplored field.

Wet granular materials

All authors

Namiko Mitarai &; Franco Nori

https://doi.org/10.1080/00018730600626065

Published online:

01 February 2007

Table     

STABILITY-INDICATING METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF MELOXICAM AND TENOXICAM IN THE PRESENCE OF THEIR DEGRADATION PRODUCTS

ABSTRACT

A spectrophotometric and a spectrofluorimetric methods are developed for the determination of two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs meloxicam I and tenoxicam II in the presence of their degradation products, namely 5-methyl-2-aminothiazole (III), benzothiazine carboxylic acid (IV), for meloxicam, pyridine-2-amine (V) and methyl 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-thienol[2,3-e]1,2-thiazine-3-carboxylate-1, 1-dioxide (VI) for tenoxicam, Fig. 1.

STABILITY-INDICATING METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF MELOXICAM AND TENOXICAM IN THE PRESENCE OF THEIR DEGRADATION PRODUCTS

All authors

Elham A. Taha, Nahla N. Salama & Laila S. Abdel Fattah

https://doi.org/10.1081/SL-120013886

Published online:

01 September 2006

Figure 1. The structure of the studied drugs and their degradation products.     

20.

Transition rates between negative-parity states in odd-mass gold nuclei     

V. Berg  Z. Hu  J. Oms 《Nuclear Physics A》1983,410(3):445-457

The half-lives of low-lying negative-parity states in ¹⁸⁵Au and ¹⁸⁷Au have been measured using mass-separated sources from the ISOCELE separator. The results,

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,

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,

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,

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,

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and

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, are discussed within the generalized particle-plus-asymmetric-rotor model, giving information on the structure of the states and on the nuclear-shape parameters.     

Transition rates between negative-parity states in odd-mass gold nuclei

The half-lives of low-lying negative-parity states in ¹⁸⁵Au and ¹⁸⁷Au have been measured using mass-separated sources from the ISOCELE separator. The results,

Full-size image

,

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,

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,

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,

Full-size image

and

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, are discussed within the generalized particle-plus-asymmetric-rotor model, giving information on the structure of the states and on the nuclear-shape parameters.