融合视觉显著性和局部熵的红外弱小目标检测

针对红外图像中弱小目标检测虚警率高、实时性差的问题,提出了一种基于视觉显著性和局部熵的红外弱小目标检测方法.该方法将红外弱小目标的检测问题由粗到精分步实现,首先利用融合局部熵的方法提取包含目标的感兴趣区域,对红外弱小目标实现粗定位.然后再利用改进的视觉显著性检测方法在感兴趣区域计算局部对比度,获得感兴趣区域的显著图.最...     

局部对比度结合区域显著性红外弱小目标检测

为了解决局部对比度方法的计算效率低,以及在某些红外场景中易出现虚警的问题,将其与图像区域显著性相结合,提出一种改进的局部对比度算法——区域局部对比度算法,仅在图像的显著性区域中进行局部对比度计算,而非遍历整幅图像。首先进行基于图像信息熵和局部相似性的红外图像区域显著性度量,经二值化得到单帧图像显著性区域;接下来在该区域中进行局部对比度数值计算,得到区域局部对比度图像,最后经过自适应阈值分割,得到弱小目标检测结果。实验结果表明,区域局部对比度算法可以极大提高红外弱小目标的信噪比,检测结果准确,虚警率低,与原始的局部对比度算法相比,检测效率有明显提升,可以更好地保持弱小目标的形状。     

局部对比度结合区域显著性红外弱小目标检测

为了解决局部对比度方法的计算效率低,以及在某些红外场景中易出现虚警的问题,将其与图像区域显著性相结合,提出一种改进的局部对比度算法区域局部对比度算法,仅在图像的显著性区域中进行局部对比度计算,而非遍历整幅图像。首先进行基于图像信息熵和局部相似性的红外图像区域显著性度量,经二值化得到单帧图像显著性区域;接下来在该区域中进行局部对比度数值计算,得到区域局部对比度图像,最后经过自适应阈值分割,得到弱小目标检测结果。实验结果表明,区域局部对比度算法可以极大提高红外弱小目标的信噪比,检测结果准确,虚警率低,与原始的局部对比度算法相比,检测效率有明显提升,可以更好地保持弱小目标的形状。     

图像序列的显著性目标区域检测方法

针对传统视觉显著性模型在自顶向下的任务指导和动态信息处理方面的不足,设计并实现了融入运动特征的视觉显著性模型。利用该模型提取了图像的静态特征和动态特征,静态特征的提取在图像的亮度、颜色和方向通道进行,运动特征的提取采用基于多尺度差分的特征提取方法实现,然后各通道分别通过滤波、差分得到显著图,在生成全局显著图时,提出多通道参数估计方法,计算图像感兴趣区域与眼动感兴趣区域的相似度,从而可在图像上准确定位目标位置。针对20组视频图像序列(每组50帧)进行了实验,结果表明:本文算法提取注意焦点即目标区域的平均相似度为0.87,使用本文算法能够根据不同任务情境,选择各特征通道的权重参数,从而可有效提高目标搜索的效率。     

基于灰度空间相关性的双谱微光图像融合方法

图像的灰度空间相关性可以反映图像的清晰度，而图像融合的主要目的之一就是改善图像的清晰度.根据微光全波图像和微光短波图像的光谱特点，在分析微光全波图像和微光短波图像的一维灰度直方图及二维灰度空间相关性图的基础上，提出了一种新型的基于灰度空间相关性的图像融合方法.该融合方法由基于标准偏差的灰度调制和灰度统计平衡两部分实现，同灰度调制融合法及谱域融合法比较，此方法能够有效地改善图像的清晰度，同时便于硬件实现.文中详细阐述了该融合方法的理论公式，并分析了其在不同场景时的实验结果. 关键词： 图像融合 微光全波图像 微光短波图像 灰度空间相关性     

基于局部纹理分析的红外小目标检测及其DSP实现

在红外小目标图像中,目标具有与其邻域背景明显不同的纹理和频率特征,在不同尺度和不同频率通道上有不同的表现,利用小波的多尺度分析理论,可将小目标与其邻域背景区分开。采用适合在低信噪比下小目标检测的局部纹理分析方法实现了小目标检测。为了满足红外小目标检测的实时性要求,采用TI公司的高性能数字多媒体DSP芯片实现了小目标检测系统。通过软件程序的优化设计来进一步提高程序运行速度与流水效率,具有良好的软硬件体系结构。通过对实测红外序列图像进行实验表明,所设计的系统能实时地、稳定地检测复杂背景下的1~3个像素的运动小目标。     

基于图像模板匹配算法的微光瞄准镜零位检测技术

对微光瞄准镜零位检测技术进行了研究,分析了传统检测方法存在的不足,采用计算机图像处理技术,提出了一种基于图像模板匹配算法的微光瞄准镜零位新型检测技术.该技术实现了零位检测的自动测量,避免了人为因素的影响;检测精度高,达到0.05密位,高于现有零位检测仪;移植性好,可扩展应用于红外热像瞄准镜等其他夜视产品的零位检测,对夜...     

基于灰度共生矩阵的非平面表面粗糙度的图像纹理研究

采用灰度共生矩阵对不同加工工艺形成的非平面工件表面粗糙度进行了研究。讨论了灰度共生矩阵中二阶矩、对比度、相关值,熵等与图像纹理特性的关系,构建了实验装置,并利用Matlab软件对采集的激光散斑图像进行了处理,得到了共生矩阵的4个特征参数随表面粗糙度的变化曲线。为研究非平面工件的粗糙度,提供了一种新的技术途径。     

基于自相关函数的非平面表面粗糙度的图像纹理研究

采用自相关函数对不同加工工艺形成的非平面工件表面粗糙度进行了研究。讨论了自相关函数及其扩展度参数与图像纹理特性的关系,构建了实验装置,利用图像处理软件对实验所得的激光散斑图像进行了处理,得到了自相关函数及其扩展测度参数随表面粗糙度的变化曲线。为研究非平面工件的粗糙度,提供了一种新的方法。     

基于序列图像的小目标检测

 针对序列图像中小目标的运动具有运动的连续性和轨迹的一致性等特征,提出了采用单帧检测和多帧检测相结合的处理方法。对单帧图像进行预处理和图像分割,得到去掉大部分背景和噪声点的图像,并在图像中选取候选目标点进行标记。然后对处理后的序列图像进行N帧叠加。对叠加图中的标定点利用8邻域搜索法进行目标筛选,进而检测出目标。实验结果表明,该方法实用性强,能简单、快速、有效地检测出序列图像中的运动小目标。     

一种基于图像融合的运动目标快速检测算法

提出了一种新的运动目标检测方法,这种方法可以有效的提取目标轮廓。应用一种图像差分技术得到运动目标的初始轮廓线。使用了动态轮廓线使其收敛到目标轮廓。提出了一种新的目标轮廓特征级融合方法,求解两类模式图像的收敛动态轮廓线控制点向量差的范数平方极小化。这种方法不需要图像配准降低了融合的计算复杂度,有效提高了可见光图像中目标轮廓提取的精度。对比检测实验证实了算法的有效性。设计了一种基于Newmark方法的动态轮廓线快速迭代算法,将该方法和方法作了比较,对比实验表明这种方法的时间复杂度降低了22%。     

红外序列图像多运动目标检测

针对背景不动情况下提取红外图像运动目标,提出了一种基于连续四帧序列图像精确检测多运动目标的算法,并用软件仿真了该算法处理图像的效果并与其他方法进行了对比。经试验证明该方法算法简单,实时性好。对单目标、多目标、室内、室外、简单和复杂背景的红外序列都可以得到较好的检测效果。能够有效地去除背景和噪声,精确地确定运动目标位置,有利于后续的目标跟踪,算法适于实时应用。     

Infrared moving object detection based on local saliency and sparse representation

The key issue of infrared object detection is to locate moving object in image sequence. In order to improve detection precision, an infrared object detection method based on local saliency and sparse representation is proposed in this paper. Motion information, such as velocity, acceleration components are added into the eigenvectors to build local saliency model. And the approximate position of the infrared target is located based on the local saliency. To accurately extract the infrared object, sparse representation is used to capture complete edge of the object. Experiments show that the proposed method can accurately detect infrared moving objects, and has good robustness to external disturbances and dynamic background.     

Infrared and visible image fusion method based on saliency detection in sparse domain

Infrared and visible image fusion is a key problem in the field of multi-sensor image fusion. To better preserve the significant information of the infrared and visible images in the final fused image, the saliency maps of the source images is introduced into the fusion procedure. Firstly, under the framework of the joint sparse representation (JSR) model, the global and local saliency maps of the source images are obtained based on sparse coefficients. Then, a saliency detection model is proposed, which combines the global and local saliency maps to generate an integrated saliency map. Finally, a weighted fusion algorithm based on the integrated saliency map is developed to achieve the fusion progress. The experimental results show that our method is superior to the state-of-the-art methods in terms of several universal quality evaluation indexes, as well as in the visual quality.     

Two-scale image fusion of visible and infrared images using saliency detection

Military, navigation and concealed weapon detection need different imaging modalities such as visible and infrared to monitor a targeted scene. These modalities provide complementary information. For better situation awareness, complementary information of these images has to be integrated into a single image. Image fusion is the process of integrating complementary source information into a composite image. In this paper, we propose a new image fusion method based on saliency detection and two-scale image decomposition. This method is beneficial because the visual saliency extraction process introduced in this paper can highlight the saliency information of source images very well. A new weight map construction process based on visual saliency is proposed. This process is able to integrate the visually significant information of source images into the fused image. In contrast to most of the multi-scale image fusion techniques, proposed technique uses only two-scale image decomposition. So it is fast and efficient. Our method is tested on several image pairs and is evaluated qualitatively by visual inspection and quantitatively using objective fusion metrics. Outcomes of the proposed method are compared with the state-of-art multi-scale fusion techniques. Results reveal that the proposed method performance is comparable or superior to the existing methods.     

A fast-saliency method for real-time infrared small target detection

Infrared small target detection plays an important role in applications including military reconnaissance, early warning and terminal guidance. In this paper, we present a fast method, called fast-saliency, with very low computational complexity, for real-time small target detection in single image frame under various complex backgrounds. Different from traditional algorithms, the proposed method is inspired by a recent research on visual saliency detection indicating that small salient signals could be well detected by a gradient enhancement operation combined with Gaussian smoothing, which is able to delineate regions of small targets in infrared images. Concisely, there are only four simple steps contained in fast-saliency. In order, they are gradient operation, square computation, Gaussian smoothing and automatic thresholding, representing the four procedures as highpass filtering, target enhancement, noise suppression and target segmentation, respectively. Especially, for the most crucial step, gradient operation, we innovatively propose a 5 × 5 facet kernel operator that holds the key for separating the small targets from backgrounds. To verify the effectiveness of our proposed method, a set of real infrared images covering typical backgrounds with sea, sky and ground clutters are tested in experiments. The results demonstrate that it outperforms the state-of-the-art methods not only in detection accuracy, but also in computation efficiency.