Diffusion–convection reaction equations with sign-changing diffusivity and bistable reaction term

We consider a reaction–diffusion equation with a convection term in one space variable, where the diffusion changes sign from the positive to the negative and the reaction term is bistable. We study the existence of wavefront solutions, their uniqueness and regularity. The presence of convection reveals several new features of wavefronts: according to the mutual positions of the diffusivity and reaction, profiles can occur either for a single value of the speed or for a bounded interval of such values; uniqueness (up to shifts) is lost; moreover, plateaus of arbitrary length can appear; profiles can be singular where the diffusion vanishes.     

Dynamics of a reaction–diffusion–ODE system with quiescence

We consider a reaction–diffusion–ODE quiescent model in which the species can switch between mobile and immobile categories. We assume that the population inhabits a bounded region and study how its dynamics depend on the parameters describing switching rates and local population dynamics. Our results suggest that the transfer displays a stabilizing effect and inhibits the generation of spatial periodic solutions. A new method to obtain global stability and dissipative structure is also explored by constructing Lyapunov functionals to overcome the loss of compactness.     

Transition fronts in inhomogeneous Fisher–KPP reaction–diffusion equations

We use a new method in the study of Fisher–KPP reaction–diffusion equations to prove existence of transition fronts for inhomogeneous KPP-type non-linearities in one spatial dimension. We also obtain new estimates on entire solutions of some KPP reaction–diffusion equations in several spatial dimensions. Our method is based on the construction of sub- and super-solutions to the non-linear PDE from solutions of its linearization at zero.     

A skew-symmetric iterative method for solving a steady convection–diffusion–reaction equation with an indefinite reaction coefficient

An iterative product-type triangular skew-symmetric method (PTSM) is used to solve systems of linear algebraic equations (SLAEs) obtained by approximation with a central-difference scheme of a first-type boundary value problem for convection–diffusion–reaction and standard grid ordering. Sufficient conditions for non-negative definiteness of the SLAE matrix resulting from this approximation are obtained for the indefinite reaction coefficient. This property provides convergence of a wide class of iterative methods (in particular, the PTSM). In test problems, agreement of the theory with computational experiments is shown, and a comparison of the PTSM and SSOR is done.     

The delay effect on reaction–diffusion equations

In this work we study a reaction–diffusion problem with delay and we make an analysis of the stability of solutions by means of bifurcation theory. We take the delay constant as a parameter. Special conditions on the vector field assure existence of a spatially nonconstant positive equilibrium U_k , which is stable for small values of the delay. An increase of the delay destabilizes the equilibrium of U_k and leads to super or subcritical Hopf bifurcation.     

Non-simultaneous blow-up in localized reaction–diffusion equations

This article deals with blow-up solutions in reaction–diffusion equations coupled via localized exponential sources, subject to null Dirichlet conditions. The optimal and complete classification is obtained for simultaneous and non-simultaneous blow-up solutions. Moreover, blow-up rates and blow-up sets are also discussed. It is interesting that, in some exponent regions, blow-up phenomena depend sensitively on the choosing of initial data, and the localized nonlinearities play important roles in the blow-up properties of solutions.     

Viability for nonlinear multi-valued reaction–diffusion systems

In this paper we consider a nonlinear evolution reaction–diffusion system governed by multi-valued perturbations of m-dissipative operators, generators of nonlinear semigroups of contractions. Let X and Y be real Banach spaces, ${\mathcal{K}}In this paper we consider a nonlinear evolution reaction–diffusion system governed by multi-valued perturbations of m-dissipative operators, generators of nonlinear semigroups of contractions. Let X and Y be real Banach spaces, K{\mathcal{K}} be a nonempty and locally closed subset in \mathbbR ×X×Y, A:D(A) í X\rightsquigarrow X, B:D(B) í Y\rightsquigarrow Y{\mathbb{R} \times X\times Y,\, A:D(A)\subseteq X\rightsquigarrow X, B:D(B)\subseteq Y\rightsquigarrow Y} two m-dissipative operators, F:K ? X{F:\mathcal{K} \rightarrow X} a continuous function and G:K \rightsquigarrow Y{G:\mathcal{K} \rightsquigarrow Y} a nonempty, convex and closed valued, strongly-weakly upper semi-continuous (u.s.c.) multi-function. We prove a necessary and a sufficient condition in order that for each (t,x,h) ? K{(\tau,\xi,\eta)\in \mathcal{K}}, the next system

{ lc u￠(t) ? Au(t)+F(t,u(t),v(t))    t 3 tv￠(t) ? Bv(t)+G(t,u(t),v(t))    t 3 tu(t)=x,    v(t)=h, \left\{ \begin{array}{lc} u'(t)\in Au(t)+F(t,u(t),v(t))\quad t\geq\tau \\ v'(t)\in Bv(t)+G(t,u(t),v(t))\quad t\geq\tau \\ u(\tau)=\xi,\quad v(\tau)=\eta, \end{array} \right.      9. A parameter robust Petrov–Galerkin scheme for advection–diffusion–reaction equations      Carlo de Falco  Eugene O’Riordan 《Numerical Algorithms》2011,56(1):107-127 In this paper, a singularly perturbed convection diffusion boundary value problem, with discontinuous diffusion coefficient is examined. In addition to the presence of boundary layers, strong and weak interior layers can also be present due to the discontinuities in the diffusion coefficient. A priori layer adapted piecewise uniform meshes are used to resolve any layers present in the solution. Using a Petrov–Galerkin finite element formulation, a fitted finite difference operator is shown to produce numerical approximations on this fitted mesh, which are uniformly second order (up to logarithmic terms) globally convergent in the pointwise maximum norm.      10. Stability of mass action reaction–diffusion systems      《Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications》2004,56(8):1105-1131 Results on stability of two types of chemical reactions, one represented by an acyclic graph and the other as a reversible reaction have been extended to the case of reaction–diffusion systems. Lyapunov functions are used as the major method for showing asymptotic stability of spatially homogeneous equilibria. Some examples are considered for illustration.      11. Space–time chaos in a system of reaction–diffusion equations      M. F. Zaitseva  N. A. Magnitskii 《Differential Equations》2017,53(11):1519-1523 We find conditions for the bifurcation of periodic spatially homogeneous and spatially inhomogeneous solutions of a three-dimensional system of nonlinear partial differential equations describing a soil aggregate model. We show that the transition to diffusion chaos in this model occurs via a subharmonic cascade of bifurcations of stable limit cycles in accordance with the universal Feigenbaum–Sharkovskii–Magnitskii bifurcation theory.      12. A hybrid discontinuous Galerkin method for advection–diffusion–reaction problems      《Applied Numerical Mathematics》2015       13. Global asymptotical behavior of the Lengyel–Epstein reaction–diffusion system      Fengqi Yi  Junjie Wei  Junping Shi 《Applied Mathematics Letters》2009,22(1):52-55 The Lengyel–Epstein reaction–diffusion system of the CIMA reaction is revisited. We construct a Lyapunov function to show that the constant equilibrium solution is globally asymptotically stable when the feeding rate of iodide is small. We also show that for small spatial domains, all solutions eventually converge to a spatially homogeneous and time-periodic solution.      14. Hopf bifurcation in a delayed reaction–diffusion–advection population model      Shanshan Chen  Yuan Lou  Junjie Wei 《Journal of Differential Equations》2018,264(8):5333-5359 In this paper, we investigate a reaction–diffusion–advection model with time delay effect. The stability/instability of the spatially nonhomogeneous positive steady state and the associated Hopf bifurcation are investigated when the given parameter of the model is near the principle eigenvalue of an elliptic operator. Our results imply that time delay can make the spatially nonhomogeneous positive steady state unstable for a reaction–diffusion–advection model, and the model can exhibit oscillatory pattern through Hopf bifurcation. The effect of advection on Hopf bifurcation values is also considered, and our results suggest that Hopf bifurcation is more likely to occur when the advection rate increases.      15. Traveling waves for a boundary reaction–diffusion equation      L. Caffarelli  A. Mellet  Y. Sire 《Advances in Mathematics》2012,230(2):433-457 We prove the existence of a traveling wave solution for a boundary reaction–diffusion equation when the reaction term is the combustion nonlinearity with ignition temperature. A key role in the proof is plaid by an explicit formula for traveling wave solutions of a free boundary problem obtained as singular limit for the reaction–diffusion equation (the so-called high energy activation energy limit). This explicit formula, which is interesting in itself, also allows us to get an estimate on the decay at infinity of the traveling wave (which turns out to be faster than the usual exponential decay).      16. Global existence for degenerate quadratic reaction–diffusion systems      M. Pierre  R. Texier-Picard 《Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré (C) Analyse Non Linéaire》2009 We consider a class of degenerate reaction–diffusion systems with quadratic nonlinearity and diffusion only in the vertical direction. Such systems can appear in the modeling of photochemical generation and atmospheric dispersion of pollutants. The diffusion coefficients are different for all equations. We study global existence of solutions.      17. Non-standard finite-differences schemes for generalized reaction–diffusion equations      Jose Alvarez-Ramirez  Francisco J. Valdes-Parada 《Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics》2009       18. Bogoliubov averaging principle of stochastic reaction–diffusion equation      Peng Gao 《Journal of Differential Equations》2019,266(10):6702-6738 The purpose of this paper is to establish Bogoliubov averaging principle of stochastic reaction–diffusion equation with a stochastic process and a small parameter. The solutions to stochastic reaction–diffusion equation can be approximated by solutions to averaged stochastic reaction–diffusion equation in the sense of convergence in probability and in distribution. Namely, we establish a weak law of large numbers for the solution of stochastic reaction–diffusion equation.      19. Complex dynamics of a reaction–diffusion epidemic model      Weiming Wang  Yongli Cai  Mingjiang Wu  Kaifa Wang  Zhenqing Li 《Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications》2012,13(5):2240-2258       20. Conservation laws for a variable coefficient nonlinear diffusion–convection–reaction equation      Zhijie Cao  Yiping Lin  Jianwei Shen 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2014 We find the Lie point symmetries of a class of second-order nonlinear diffusion–convection–reaction equations containing an unspecified coefficient function of the independent variable t and determine the subclasses of these equations which are nonlinearly self-adjoint. By using a general theorem on conservation laws proved recently by N.H. Ibragimov we establish conservation laws corresponding to the aforementioned Lie point symmetries, one by one, for the simultaneous system of the original equation together with its adjoint equation through a formal Lagrangian. Particularly, for the nonlinearly self-adjoint subclasses, we construct conservation laws for the corresponding equations themselves.

A parameter robust Petrov–Galerkin scheme for advection–diffusion–reaction equations

In this paper, a singularly perturbed convection diffusion boundary value problem, with discontinuous diffusion coefficient is examined. In addition to the presence of boundary layers, strong and weak interior layers can also be present due to the discontinuities in the diffusion coefficient. A priori layer adapted piecewise uniform meshes are used to resolve any layers present in the solution. Using a Petrov–Galerkin finite element formulation, a fitted finite difference operator is shown to produce numerical approximations on this fitted mesh, which are uniformly second order (up to logarithmic terms) globally convergent in the pointwise maximum norm.     

Stability of mass action reaction–diffusion systems

Results on stability of two types of chemical reactions, one represented by an acyclic graph and the other as a reversible reaction have been extended to the case of reaction–diffusion systems. Lyapunov functions are used as the major method for showing asymptotic stability of spatially homogeneous equilibria. Some examples are considered for illustration.     

Space–time chaos in a system of reaction–diffusion equations

We find conditions for the bifurcation of periodic spatially homogeneous and spatially inhomogeneous solutions of a three-dimensional system of nonlinear partial differential equations describing a soil aggregate model. We show that the transition to diffusion chaos in this model occurs via a subharmonic cascade of bifurcations of stable limit cycles in accordance with the universal Feigenbaum–Sharkovskii–Magnitskii bifurcation theory.     

Global asymptotical behavior of the Lengyel–Epstein reaction–diffusion system

The Lengyel–Epstein reaction–diffusion system of the CIMA reaction is revisited. We construct a Lyapunov function to show that the constant equilibrium solution is globally asymptotically stable when the feeding rate of iodide is small. We also show that for small spatial domains, all solutions eventually converge to a spatially homogeneous and time-periodic solution.     

Hopf bifurcation in a delayed reaction–diffusion–advection population model

In this paper, we investigate a reaction–diffusion–advection model with time delay effect. The stability/instability of the spatially nonhomogeneous positive steady state and the associated Hopf bifurcation are investigated when the given parameter of the model is near the principle eigenvalue of an elliptic operator. Our results imply that time delay can make the spatially nonhomogeneous positive steady state unstable for a reaction–diffusion–advection model, and the model can exhibit oscillatory pattern through Hopf bifurcation. The effect of advection on Hopf bifurcation values is also considered, and our results suggest that Hopf bifurcation is more likely to occur when the advection rate increases.     

Traveling waves for a boundary reaction–diffusion equation

We prove the existence of a traveling wave solution for a boundary reaction–diffusion equation when the reaction term is the combustion nonlinearity with ignition temperature. A key role in the proof is plaid by an explicit formula for traveling wave solutions of a free boundary problem obtained as singular limit for the reaction–diffusion equation (the so-called high energy activation energy limit). This explicit formula, which is interesting in itself, also allows us to get an estimate on the decay at infinity of the traveling wave (which turns out to be faster than the usual exponential decay).     

Global existence for degenerate quadratic reaction–diffusion systems

We consider a class of degenerate reaction–diffusion systems with quadratic nonlinearity and diffusion only in the vertical direction. Such systems can appear in the modeling of photochemical generation and atmospheric dispersion of pollutants. The diffusion coefficients are different for all equations. We study global existence of solutions.     

Bogoliubov averaging principle of stochastic reaction–diffusion equation

The purpose of this paper is to establish Bogoliubov averaging principle of stochastic reaction–diffusion equation with a stochastic process and a small parameter. The solutions to stochastic reaction–diffusion equation can be approximated by solutions to averaged stochastic reaction–diffusion equation in the sense of convergence in probability and in distribution. Namely, we establish a weak law of large numbers for the solution of stochastic reaction–diffusion equation.     

Conservation laws for a variable coefficient nonlinear diffusion–convection–reaction equation

We find the Lie point symmetries of a class of second-order nonlinear diffusion–convection–reaction equations containing an unspecified coefficient function of the independent variable t and determine the subclasses of these equations which are nonlinearly self-adjoint. By using a general theorem on conservation laws proved recently by N.H. Ibragimov we establish conservation laws corresponding to the aforementioned Lie point symmetries, one by one, for the simultaneous system of the original equation together with its adjoint equation through a formal Lagrangian. Particularly, for the nonlinearly self-adjoint subclasses, we construct conservation laws for the corresponding equations themselves.