Congruences for the class numbers of real cyclic sextic number fields

LetK ₆ be a real cyclic sextic number field, andK ₂,K ₃ its quadratic and cubic subfield. Leth(L) denote the ideal class number of fieldL. Seven congruences forh ^- =h (K ₆)/(h(K ₂)h(K ₃)) are obtained. In particular, when the conductorf ₆ ofK ₆ is a primep, , whereC is an explicitly given constant, andB _n is the Bernoulli number. These results on real cyclic sextic fields are an extension of the results on quadratic and cyclic quartic fields. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 19771052).     

Proximate order and type of entire functions of several complex variables

Letp be an odd prime,K a field, andG _K its absolute Galois group. It is shown thatK isp-adically closed if and only ifG _K is isomorphic to an open subgroup of . It is also shown that if , withq=p ^r, thenK has a non-trivial henselian valuation.     

The frattini subgroup of the absolute Galois group of a local field

LetK be a local field,T the maximal tamely ramified extension ofK, F the fixed field inK _sof the Frattini subgroup ofG(K), andJ the compositum of all minimal Galois extensions ofK containingT. The main result of the paper is thatF=J. IfK is a global field andK _solv is the maximal prosolvable extension ofK, then the Frattini group of % MathType!End!2!1!(K _solv/K) is trivial. Partially supported by a grant from the G.I.F., the German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development.     

Heteroclinic cycles emanating from local bifurcations

LetK be a quadratic imaginary number field. Letf denote a rational integer which is coprime to 6. We letK (f ²) (resp.K(f)) denote the ray class field ofK of conductorf ² (resp.f). We write Γ for the Galois group ofK(f ²)/K(f) and denote the unique maximal order ofK(f)Γ by . We show that the Kummer order is a free, rank one -module. An explicit generator is given by singular values of certain modular functions.     

ZurL 2-Bestapproximation eines konvexen Körpers durch einen bewegten konvexen Körper

LetK andL be convex bodies of then-dimensional Euclidean spaceE ⁿ . The -distance ofK andL is defined by , whereh _k andh _L denote the support functions ofK andL restricted to the unit sphereS ^n–1 E ⁿ . We consider the problem of best approximation ofL by the images k ofK under proper rigid motions :E ⁿ E ⁿ . A motion that minimizes ²(K L) is called optimal for (K, L) in the sense of the metric ². The results in the general case (n2 arbitrary) base on the fact that the Steiner points of K andL coincide if is optimal for (K, L). Forn=2 we obtain a relationship between convex convolution bodies and the underlying approximation problem.     

Limit distributions of expanding translates of certain orbits on homogeneous spaces

LetL be a Lie group and λ a lattice inL. SupposeG is a non-compact simple Lie group realized as a Lie subgroup ofL and . LetaεG be such that Ada is semisimple and not contained in a compact subgroup of Aut(Lie(G)). Consider the expanding horospherical subgroup ofG associated toa defined as U⁺ ={gεG:a ⁻ⁿ gaⁿ} →e as n → ∞. Let Ω be a non-empty open subset ofU ⁺ andn _i → ∞ be any sequence. It is showed that . A stronger measure theoretic formulation of this result is also obtained. Among other applications of the above result, we describeG-equivariant topological factors of L/gl × G/P, where the real rank ofG is greater than 1,P is a parabolic subgroup ofG andG acts diagonally. We also describe equivariant topological factors of unipotent flows on finite volume homogeneous spaces of Lie groups.     

Isoperimetric problems for convex bodies and a localization lemma

We study the smallest number ψ(K) such that a given convex bodyK in ℝ ⁿ can be cut into two partsK ₁ andK ₂ by a surface with an (n−1)-dimensional measure ψ(K) vol(K ₁)·vol(K ₂)/vol(K). LetM ₁(K) be the average distance of a point ofK from its center of gravity. We prove for the “isoperimetric coefficient” that

On an inequality of Edgar

LetE′ be the separable dual of a Banach spaceE. LetK be the class of all non-empty convex, weak^*-compact subsets ofE′. In this paper we prove that Edgar’s inequality, given in [2], extends to adapted sequences ofK-valued random variables.     

Optimal decompositions for theK-functional for a couple of Banach lattices

Letf=g _t+h _t be the optimal decomposition for calculating the exact value of theK-functionalK(t, f; ) of an elementf with respect to a couple =(X ₀ ,X ₁) of Banach lattices of measurable functions. It is shown that this decomposition has a rather simple form in many cases where one of the spacesX ₀ andX ₁ is eitherL ^∞ orL ¹. Many examples are given of couples of lattices for which |g _t| increases monotonically a.e. with respect tot. It is shown that this property implies a sharpened estimate from above for the Brudnyi-KrugljakK-divisibility constant γ( ) for the couple. But it is also shown that certain couples do not have this property. These also provide examples of couples of lattices for which γ( ). Research supported by the Technion V. P. R. Fund.     

Quadratic Gauss Sums

Letpbe a prime integer andmbe an integer, not divisible byp. LetKbe the splitting field ofX^m−1 over the prime field _p. Solving the Gauss sums problem of ordermin characteristicpmeans determining Gauss sums of all multiplicative characters ofKof order dividingm. Our aim is to solve this problem when the subgroup 〈p〉 is of index 2 in (/m)^*.     

A note on the gl constant ofE \mathop \otimes \limits^ \vee F F

LetX andY be Banach spaces. TFAE (1)X andY do not contain subspaces uniformly isomorphic to (2) The local unconditional structure constant of the space of bounded operatorsL (X*_k,Y _k) tends to infinity for every increasing sequence and of finite-dimensional subspaces ofX andY respectively.     

Reducibility behavior of polynomials with varying coefficients

LetK be a number field, and leth∈K[Y] be a polynomial of degreen. Fix an integer 0≤i≤n and compare the set ν of those integersa ofK such thath(Y)−aY ⁱhas a root inK with the set of those integersa, such thath(Y)−aY ⁱis reducible overK. Ifi is coprime ton, then we classify the rare cases where ν is not cofinite in . The main tools are a theorem of Siegel about integral points on algebraic curves and the theory of finite groups.     

Some properties of the absolute galois group of a hilbertian field

LetK be a hilbertian field,G(K) its absolute Galois group. IfK is countable, then for a.a. inG(K) ^e , and there is no intermediate field with . Let ∈G(K) ^e . Then for a.a. in .     

Algebraic number fields elementarily determined by their absolute galois group

LetK be an (infinite) number field. IfK is elementarily determined by its absolute Galois groupG(K) (see (1.1) below), thenK is isomorphic to , R ∩ or some henselian subfield of .     

Spreads of right quadratic skew field extensions

LetL/K be a right quadratic (skew) field extension and let be a 3-dimensional projective space overK which is embedded in a 3-dimensional projective space overL. Moreover, let be a line of which carries no point of. The main result is that — even whenL orK is a skew field — the following holds true: A Desarguesian spread of is given by the set of all lines of which are indicated by the points of . A spread of arises in this way if, and only if, there exists an isomorphism ofL onto the kernel of the spread such thatK is elementwise invariant. Furthermore, a geometric characterization of right quadratic extensions with a left degree other than 2 and of quadratic Galois extensions is given.Dedicated to O. Giering on the occasion of this 60th birthdayThe term field is to mean a not necessarily commutative field.     

An inequality for the volume of inscribed ellipsoids

LetK be a convex body inR ⁿ, and letx* intK be the center of the ellipsoid of the maximal volume inscribed in the body. An arbitrary hyperplane throughx* cutsK into two convex bodiesK ⁺ andK ^–. We show thatw(K ^±)/w(K)0.844..., wherew(·) is the volume of the inscribed ellipsoid.     

Hadwiger's covering conjecture and low dimensional dual cyclic polytopes

LetK be a convex body in a Euclideand-spaceE ^d withd1. In 1957, H. Hadwiger conjectured thatK can always be covered by 2 ^d smaller homothetic copies ofK. We verify this conjecture in the case thatK is the polar of a cyclicd-polytope andd=3, 4 and 5.     

The projection theorem for spectral sets

LetG be a locally compact group with polynomial growth and symmetricL ¹-algebra andN a closed normal subgroup ofG. LetF be a closedG-invariant subset of Prim_* L ¹(N) andE={ker; with |N(k(F))=0}. We prove thatE is a spectral subset of Prim_* L ¹(G) ifF is spectral. Moreover we give the following application to the ideal theory ofL ¹(G). Suppose that, in addition,N is CCR andG/N is compact. Then all primary ideals inL ¹(G) are maximal, provided allG-orbits in Prim_* L ¹(N) are spectral.Dedicated to Professor Elmar Thoma on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

Cohomology of graded Lie algebras of cartan type of characteristic 0

In [6], D. Fux determined the structures of cohomology of formal vector fields Lie algebras with coefficients in trivial modules or dual adjoint modules. We determine the structure ofH ¹ (L, V), whereL=W (n),S(n) orH(n) is an infinite dimensional Lie algebra of characteristic 0 andV is a gradedL-module (mixed product) or a graded irreducibleL-module. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Grant No. 1880422 and the Science Foundation Grant of the Doctdral Program Offering Schools Assigned by CNEC.     

A boundary Morera theorem

LetD ⊂C ^N ,N ≥ 2 be a bounded open set withC ² boundary and letL be an open connected set of affine complex hyperplanes inC ^N containing a hyperplane that misses . LetE = ∪_Λ∈LΛ, Γ =E ∩bD. Suppose thatf ∈C(Γ) and assume that