异核多脉冲实验的相位循环设计方法

本文介绍了异核多脉冲实验相位循环的设计方法.先分别设计两个不同核的相位循环编码行列,然后根据正交检测相位要求把两个列数相等的行列以并联方式结合起来,就可得异核多脉冲实验的相位循环.     

基于时反镜能量检测法的循环移位扩频水声通信

海面的起伏和多普勒效应使得接收信号的载波相位发生跳变以及水声信道的多途扩展使得接收信号波形发生畸变,这严重影响循环移位扩频系统的性能.本文提出循环移位能量检测器算法,通过检测循环移位匹配滤波器的输出能量对系统进行解码,可有效解决载波相位跳变对循环移位扩频系统的影响;将时间反转镜技术与循环移位能量检测器相结合,进一步提出时反镜能量检测器算法,利用已检测到的符号对信道进行实时估计并进行时反处理,抑制了水声信道多途扩展的影响,保证了循环移位扩频系统可在低信噪比条件下工作.通过大连海上试验以及莲花湖湖上试验验证,在复杂水声信道多途扩展、载波相位跳变和低信噪比条件下实现了低误码水声通信.     

实验检验双光子的几何相位

Pancharatnam在研究两束光干涉时提出的几何相位的概念;紧接着Berry发现了量子系统在循环绝热演化下的几何相位.在光子系统中,实验上已经验证了经典光和单光子的几何相位,并观察到几何相位的大小与循环演化过程有关.对于双光子,其几何相位在相同的循环演化下是单光子两倍.我们提出了一种简单的实验方案来观察双光子的几何相位.实验中,通过光路的设计排除了由于光程改变引起的相位改变,直接检测由于几何相位的不同引起的双光子干涉.     

托普利兹-循环块相位掩膜矩阵压缩成像

在托普利兹和循环矩阵的基础上,提出一种新的托普利兹-循环块相位掩膜矩阵可压缩双透镜成像方法,模拟实验结果表明:新的相位掩膜矩阵压缩成像可以在显著减少测量的同时,有效地捕获图像信息来重建原始图像;新相位掩膜矩阵的研究为确定性测量在压缩成像领域的应用提供了更多的支撑,在拥有原托普利兹和循环确定性测量优点的同时,还拥有自身的...     

PFT—NMR相位循环的计算机辅助设计

本文介绍了通过选择相干传递路径来计算相位循环的理论依据。在此基础上提出了一个计算机程序PHASE.BAS用于计算相位循环。使用此程序设计了一个128步的相循环用于一维和二维INADEQUATE实验。实验结果表明此相循环能很好地消除单量子信号、压制t_1噪声,其效果明显优于Bruker MSL脉冲序列库中的32次循环的结果。     

交替寻优生成元素幅值结合混沌随机相位构造循环测量矩阵

循环矩阵由于其对应离散卷积且具有快速算法被广泛应用于压缩测量矩阵. 本文从循环测量矩阵生成元素的幅值和相位两个方面探索循环测量矩阵的优化构造, 提出交替寻优生成元素的幅值并结合混沌随机相位实现循环测量矩阵的最优构造. 由一维和二维信号循环测量矩阵的不同表示形式出发, 将等价字典列向量之间互相干系数的Welch界作为逼近目标, 推导出了一维和二维信号循环测量矩阵生成元素幅值优化的统一数学模型, 提出采用交替寻优方法求解生成元素幅值的最优解. 利用混沌序列构造循环测量矩阵生成元素的随机相位. 与已有的典型循环测量矩阵相比, 本文优化构造的循环测量矩阵所对应的等价字典列向量之间具有更低的互相干性, 这正是所构造的循环测量矩阵优越性的本质所在.     

高场核磁共振的数字正交检波方法

在核磁共振中,常规的正交检测技术采用两路相敏检波.因为两路相检波的相位和幅度存在不平衡而引起谱失真,所以必须用相位循环来消除.这增加了实验时间.本文提出并在MSL-300 NMR谱仪上实现了一种数字正交检波方法.这种方法使用单路相检波,避免了两路不平衡而引起的谱线失真,因此不需要相位循环技术     

DIGITAL QUADRATURE DETECTION IN HIGH FIELD NMR

在核磁共振中,常规的正交检测技术采用两路相敏检波.因为两路相检波的相位和幅度存在不平衡而引起谱失真,所以必须用相位循环来消除.这增加了实验时间.本文提出并在MSL-300 NMR谱仪上实现了一种数字正交检波方法.这种方法使用单路相检波,避免了两路不平衡而引起的谱线失真,因此不需要相位循环技术.     

托普利兹-循环块相位掩膜矩阵压缩成像

在托普利兹和循环矩阵的基础上,提出一种新的托普利兹-循环块相位掩膜矩阵可压缩双透镜成像方法.模拟实验结果表明:新的相位掩膜矩阵压缩成像可以在显著减少测量的同时,有效地捕获图像信息来重建原始图像|新相位掩膜矩阵的研究为确定性测量在压缩成像领域的应用提供了更多的支撑,在拥有原托普利兹和循环确定性测量优点的同时,还拥有自身的块结构特点,可以进一步减少物理实现成本,为新的照相机的设计提供若干理论、计算和技术支撑.     

基于束间动态干涉的快速匀滑新方法

针对高功率激光装置中靶面辐照均匀性的高要求,提出了一种利用束间动态干涉改善辐照均匀性的快速匀滑方法.基本原理是利用共轭相位板阵列对存在一定波长差的多束激光附加相位调制,从而使各子束在远场两两相干叠加以产生动态的干涉图样,进而引起焦斑内部散斑的动态扫动,在ps时间内抹平不均匀性.以典型惯性约束聚变装置中的激光集束为例,通过建立基于束间动态干涉的快速匀滑物理模型,定量分析了相位板类型、相位调制幅度和束间波长差等因素对焦斑动态干涉图样的影响及规律,进而对其束匀滑特性进行了讨论.结果表明,基于束间动态干涉的快速匀滑方法可以有效地实现多方向、多维度的焦斑内部散斑快速扫动,且通过与传统束匀滑技术的联用,可以在更短的时间内达到更好的焦斑均匀性.     

中子衍射法研究单晶镍基高温合金热机械疲劳引起的应力和晶格错配

采用中子衍射法对热机械疲劳后的单晶镍基高温合金样品内部中心点进行了实验测量,数据处理采用了双相叠加峰和单峰分析两种方法,计算得到了样品材料的宏观等效应力、应力偏量、γ相和γ′相的等效应力和晶格错配度等.实验结果表明,两种分析方法得到的宏观等效应力基本一致.在热机械疲劳循环100周出现最大宏观等效应力和应力偏量,此时位错等微缺陷达到饱和,偏离中心点处γ′相应力减小显著;在热机械疲劳开始阶段负错配度明显减小,随循环周次增多基体塑性应变累积又使负错配度以每次81×10^-6的速度逐渐线形增大. 关键词： 中子衍射 单晶高温合金 等效应力 应力偏量     

Formation des raies spectrales et etude des courbes de croissance dans une atmosphere diffusante semi-infinie

The equivalent width of an absorption line formed by reflection from a semi-infinite planetary atmosphere with an arbitrary phase function is studied. An analytic expression, for a Lorentz line, is derived from the distribution of photon optical path. The following important results are derived: the square-root regime is always obtained if the line is sufficiently strong and the linear regime is strongly dependent on continuum absorption.An approximate expression for the distribution of photon optical path, which is useful for computations of synthetic spectra and equivalent widths, is proposed and some examples of the “curve of growth” are presented for different phase functions.     

MR imaging with phase encoding of intermolecular multiple quantum coherences

Novel 2D and 3D pulse sequences producing images through the phase encoding of intermolecular multiple quantum coherences (i-MQCs) are presented. The signal acquired with these sequences is free from intermolecular zero quantum coherences (i-ZQCs) which are not phase encoded and additional phase cycling eliminates artifacts. Phase encoding during the n-quantum evolution period provides n times the resolution expected from equivalent phase encoding of the reconverted single quantum coherences. These sequences have potential applications for producing i-MQC images of biological tissues as well as nonbiological materials with substantial amounts of water.     

Some conjectures for cogwheel phase cycling

Cogwheel phase cycles are often significantly shorter than traditional nested phase cycles. However, optimal solutions for cogwheel cycles are often difficult to find. This paper presents techniques and conjectures which the authors have found useful for generating cogwheel phase cycles either without the need for computer searches or with significantly smaller searches than would otherwise be necessary. The conjectures presently lack proofs but have been tested successfully for a large number of cases.     

External-cavity birefringence feedback effects of microchip Nd:YAG laser and its application in angle measurement

External-cavity birefringence feedback effects of the microchip Nd:YAG laser are presented. When a birefringence element is placed in the external feedback cavity of the laser, two orthogonally polarized laser beams with a phase difference are output. The phase difference is twice as large as the phase retardation in the external cavity along the two orthogonal directions. The variable extra-cavity birefringence, caused by rotation of the external-cavity birefringence element, results in tunable phase difference between the two orthogonally polarized beams. This means that the roll angle information has been translated to phase difference of two output laser beams. A theoretical analysis based on the Fabry--Perot cavity equivalent model and refractive index ellipsoid is presented, which is in good agreement with the experimental results. This phenomenon has potential applications for roll angle measurement.     

Broadband phase modulators in integrated fin-line technique for millimeter-wave applications

Three structures of broadband reflection type phase modulators in unilateral fin-line are presented.The circuits have been analysed assuming ideal transmission line equivalent circuits for the fin-line sections, while the switching element, a pin-diode, is represented by a typical equivalent circuit at Ka-band.The insertion loss in all three cases is better than 1.5 dB and the phase error for a 180 degrees phase shift is less than 4 degrees over a 12% bandwidth, while a 16% bandwidth is achieved for a 90 degrees modulator at a phase error of 2 degrees.     

一种改进的微波滤波器调试方法

传统滤波器诊断调试方法通过提取滤波器等效电路参数与理想参数对比来决定调试方向,并未考虑调谐元件之间的相互耦合关系且未考虑调试幅度的大小,因而调试效率低下。为解决这一问题,提出一种基于遗传算法与渐进空间映射算法相结合的计算机辅助调试方法。利用遗传算法优化得到滤波器输入输出端的相移长度,去除相移后利用柯西法对滤波器进行参数提取,通过渐进空间映射算法确定滤波器调谐元件的调试方向与幅度,从而使微波滤波器快速达标。采用该方法对四阶交叉耦合滤波器进行调试,仅通过4次迭代即可使滤波器达标,验证了该提出方法的有效性与准确性。     

Cogwheel phase cycling

A new method for constructing phase cycles is described. The new schemes apply to experiments involving several consecutive coherence transfer steps. The radiofrequency phases of two or more irradiation blocks are incremented simultaneously, as opposed to the traditional "nested" scheme, in which the block phases are incremented independently. In many cases, the "cogwheel" phase cycles achieve the same selectivity as traditional phase cycles, using fewer steps. Significant time savings are achievable in a wide range of NMR experiments.     

A NEW LEAKY WAVE ANTENNA BASED ON CHANNEL GUIDE FILLED WITH LEFT-HAND MATERIAL FOR MILLIMETER-WAVE APPLICATIONS

A new leaky wave antenna based on channel guide filled with left-handed material (LHM), operating in evanescent surface mode of TM polarization, is presented for millimeter wave applications. A transverse equivalent network that yields a dispersion relation in closed form is employed to analyze the leakage characteristics of the antenna. Numerical results are presented for the phase and leakage constants of the antenna in terms of different geometric parameters and dielectric distributions. Besides, the frequency dependences of the leaky characteristics for the present antenna are given, from which the backward radiation is clearly demonstrated.     

Generation and Modulation of Phase Difference of Output Intensities in a Feedback Nd:YAG Laser with an Extracavity Waveplate Rotated

External anisotropic feedback effects on the phase difference behaviour of output intensities in a microchip Nd：YAG laser are presented. By rotating a quarter wave plate placed in the external cavity, the angle between laser initial polarization direction and o-axis of the wave plate is tuned from -45°to 45°, which results in variable extra-cavity birefringence along two orthogonal detection directions. With only one optical path and one wave plate, laser intensities of the two orthogonal directions, both modulated by the external cavity length, are output with a tunable phase difference, which can be continuously changed from zero to twice as large as that of the waveplate. Experimental results as well as a theoretical analysis based on Fabry-Perot cavity equivalent model and the refractive index ellipsoid, are presented. The potential applications of this phenomenon are also discussed.